Dust and DignityPub Date : 2019-09-15DOI: 10.7591/9781501739477-010
{"title":"Epilogue","authors":"","doi":"10.7591/9781501739477-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501739477-010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":126076,"journal":{"name":"Dust and Dignity","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116698722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dust and DignityPub Date : 2019-09-15DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501739453.003.0004
E. Casanova
{"title":"Informed but Insecure","authors":"E. Casanova","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501739453.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501739453.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter analyzes the most extensive survey to date of domestic workers in Ecuador, with four hundred women sharing information about their working conditions, benefits, and social security. Most useful for informing policy and organizing strategies are the insights about which workers are most likely to know and demand their rights and the evidence that working conditions of current workers are better than those of former workers, which could indicate change over time. Efforts to inform workers of their right to social security seem to have been successful: 88 percent of the survey participants knew that domestic workers are entitled to join the Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social (IESS). The main barrier to coverage, however, is the reluctance of employers to enroll workers and contribute on their behalf: nearly a third of survey respondents who were not enrolled reported that their employers' opposition was the reason why. Confirming research findings from around Latin America, working conditions reported by the survey participants are not good. However, they seem to be improving somewhat over time. More than twice as many current workers reported receiving overtime pay when compared with former workers. For vacation time and bonuses, more than four times as many current workers reported receiving these benefits. Despite this considerable improvement, there is still a long way to go for today's domestic workers.","PeriodicalId":126076,"journal":{"name":"Dust and Dignity","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134005365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dust and DignityPub Date : 2019-09-15DOI: 10.7591/9781501739477-014
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.7591/9781501739477-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501739477-014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":126076,"journal":{"name":"Dust and Dignity","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124550032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dust and DignityPub Date : 2019-09-15DOI: 10.1515/9781501739477-014
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781501739477-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501739477-014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":126076,"journal":{"name":"Dust and Dignity","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116275975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dust and DignityPub Date : 2019-09-15DOI: 10.7591/9781501739477-007
{"title":"4. Pathways through Poverty","authors":"","doi":"10.7591/9781501739477-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501739477-007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":126076,"journal":{"name":"Dust and Dignity","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132141026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dust and DignityPub Date : 2019-09-15DOI: 10.7591/9781501739477-011
David Grazian
{"title":"Appendix: Research Methods","authors":"David Grazian","doi":"10.7591/9781501739477-011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501739477-011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":126076,"journal":{"name":"Dust and Dignity","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130755091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dust and DignityPub Date : 2019-09-15DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501739453.003.0007
Erynn Masi de Casanova
{"title":"Conclusion","authors":"Erynn Masi de Casanova","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501739453.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501739453.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This concluding chapter argues that the book's analysis confirms previous research on Latin American domestic workers' experiences published mostly in Spanish and Portuguese, while generating new insights. The book's findings, when viewed along with research from other parts of Latin America, suggest that the experiences of nonmigrants, internal migrants, and international migrants in the region are quite similar. Their working conditions are equally dismal. Domestic workers are exploited as a subclass of worker, a subclass of human, whether they were born in the same country as their employers or not. They are always the other. Setting migration aside, then, as the primary variable explaining exploitation, the book's analysis focuses on three dimensions of oppression that act as obstacles to domestic workers' rights: social reproduction, informality, and class. Scholars and activists can target these obstacles in the effort to improve working conditions.","PeriodicalId":126076,"journal":{"name":"Dust and Dignity","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123486400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dust and DignityPub Date : 2019-09-15DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501739453.003.0003
Erynn Masi de Casanova
{"title":"Embodied Inequality","authors":"Erynn Masi de Casanova","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501739453.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501739453.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines the role of bodies and embodiment in domestic work. It argues that bodies matter for how domestic employees experience their work. Indeed, domestic workers' accounts emphasized physical labor and the embodied inequality between employer and employee. They described their work as exhausting, accelerating the deterioration of their bodies, and potentially dangerous. These accounts conceive of the body as a limited resource that women draw on to do their work, a resource that can be used up or damaged in the process. Bodies also matter because of the symbolic distinctions drawn between “good,” middle-class/elite bodies and “bad,” lower-class/deviant bodies—between employers' and workers' bodies. Workers face clear boundaries between themselves and employers in relation to health, food consumption, and appearance. Even employers who buck tradition by pursuing more egalitarian relations are aware of the differential values typically placed on differently classed bodies in Ecuador.","PeriodicalId":126076,"journal":{"name":"Dust and Dignity","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114381299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dust and DignityPub Date : 2019-09-15DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501739453.003.0002
Erynn Masi de Casanova
{"title":"In Search of the Ideal Worker","authors":"Erynn Masi de Casanova","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501739453.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501739453.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the image of the ideal domestic worker, looking at the point of view of potential employers and domestic employment agencies acting as intermediaries. The ideal worker and the ideal domestic employment arrangement, as communicated by the “help wanted” ads, illustrate all three of this book's main themes: social reproduction, informality, and class relations. Paid domestic work, like other forms of social reproduction, invokes stereotypes about gender roles and involves tasks and qualities that connote femininity. Gendered assumptions about social reproduction are thus embedded in the ads, which nearly always label the desired domestic worker as a woman. Work arrangements are usually informal and escape regulation by labor law. The class relations of contemporary domestic employment are also sometimes visible in the text of the help wanted ads. Some ads refer explicitly to the high status of the employers' family and some indicate status indirectly, for example, mentioning where the family resides—almost always in upper-class or middle-class neighborhoods of Guayaquil, including exclusive gated communities. The class relations of domestic employment, rooted in precapitalist and colonial socioeconomic structures, also appear in references to trato (treatment) of the worker by employers. When employers emphasize trato, personal treatment, rather than pay and benefits, they hearken back to patronage relationships based on personal connections rather than labor laws. Even today, emotion, care, respect, and honor loom large in domestic employment.","PeriodicalId":126076,"journal":{"name":"Dust and Dignity","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133415795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dust and DignityPub Date : 2019-09-15DOI: 10.7591/9781501739477-002
{"title":"Acknowledgments","authors":"","doi":"10.7591/9781501739477-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501739477-002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":126076,"journal":{"name":"Dust and Dignity","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133384791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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