Geological Quarterly最新文献

{"title":"Nano-scale analysis of polymineralic surface coatings on aeolian quartz grains with palaeoenvironmental implications","authors":"P. Kenis, Jacek Skurzyński, Sandeep Gorantla","doi":"10.7306/gq.1697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/gq.1697","url":null,"abstract":"with","PeriodicalId":12587,"journal":{"name":"Geological Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42956935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biostratigraphy, microfacies and reservoir quality of the Oligocene Qom Formation (Kharzan section, Northwest of Ardestan, Central Iran)","authors":"Asma AFTABI ARANI, Ali Reza ASHOURI, Jahanbakhsh DANESHIAN, Abbas GHADERI, David A. WOOD","doi":"10.7306/gq.1693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/gq.1693","url":null,"abstract":"The Central Iran Basin is a region with unique environmental characteristics in which the Late Paleogene–Early Neogene benthic foraminifera display distinctive distributions and abundances that can assist in identifying the intervals with the best reservoir potential. Lipidocyclinid and miogypsinid zonal marker taxa in this region can be correlated with those in the SBZ23 region (European Basin), indicating an Oligocene (Chattian) age. With sedimentation of continental strata of the Upper Red Formation following the marine succession of the Qom Formation, it seems that the last Tethyan marine transgression in the Ardestan region in Central Iran occurred in the Oligocene, and the Tethyan seaway was permanently closed during the Miocene. Seven carbonate microfacies and marl or silty marl facies were identified in the study area based on field investigations, textural analysis and faunal assemblages. These microfacies were deposited on an open-shelf carbonate platform in lagoonal, patch-reef, and open-marine belts that effectively define both inner and middle-shelf environments. Micritization, cementation, mechanical and chemical compaction, dissolution and fracturing are the most important diagenetic processes controlling reservoir quality in the Qom Formation. The investigation of these processes in the facies of the Qom formation in the Kharzan section revealed that intervals associated with shallow lagoonal depositional environments display better reservoir quality than other formation intervals, due to dissolution and fracturing.","PeriodicalId":12587,"journal":{"name":"Geological Quarterly","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135015712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic assessment of the Northern Copper Belt deposits – a future resource base of copper and silver ores in SW Poland","authors":"Tomasz BIEŃKO, Jan WIERCHOWIEC, Stanisław SPECZIK","doi":"10.7306/gq.1698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/gq.1698","url":null,"abstract":"Seven undeveloped sediment-hosted stratiform Cu-Ag deposits constitute a future resource base of copper and silver ores in the Fore-Sudetic Monocline in SW Poland. Among these, four have only recently been discovered and documented: Nowa Sól, Sulmierzyce North, Mozów (forming a part of the Northern Copper Belt) and Żary. The three remaining deposits – Bytom Odrzański, Głogów and Retków – surround the currently mined New Copper District to the north-west, north and north-east. Polish Cu-Ag deposits are polymetallic: copper, silver, lead, nickel as well as subordinate rhenium and gold are currently extracted. However, they show high reporting of other by-product metals, such as cobalt, molybdenum, vanadium, zinc and rare earth elements. Unit ore values expressed in US dollars per metric ton of ore have been calculated for deposits in the Northern Copper Belt to compare them with other undeveloped and mined Polish sediment-hosted stratiform Cu-Ag deposits. The calculated unit ore values for the deposits studied are primarily influenced by copper, with a significant contribution (up to 29%) from silver. In terms of base metals other than copper, their contribution to the unit ore values is here relatively low, accounting for only 1–11% of the total value. The proportions of silver and lead in the unit ore value show a trend: they tend to be lower in the vicinity of oxidized fields and gradually increase with distance from these oxidized areas. The share of nickel in the unit ore value, on the other hand, is not influenced by distance from the oxidized fields. Instead, it is dependent on factors such as the thickness and organic content of the shale ore, which affect the accumulation of non-ferrous, redox-sensitive by-product metals, including nickel. Furthermore, we provide a comparative analysis of the total unit ore value among Polish sediment-hosted stratiform Cu-Ag deposits. Particular emphasis is placed on the deposits that constitute the future resource base of copper and silver ores in southwest Poland. A market perspective is drawn to highlight the influence of metal price fluctuations on the unit ore values of the various deposits. By examining the dynamic nature of metal prices, the study offers insights into how changes in market conditions can impact the economic viability of deposits located in different parts of the Fore-Sudetic Monocline. The deposits that constitute the future resource base of copper and silver in Poland show remarkably high copper and silver grades, resulting in significantly higher unit ore values compared to other world-class deposits of different types such as porphyry, epithermal, and IOCG (iron oxide copper gold) deposits.","PeriodicalId":12587,"journal":{"name":"Geological Quarterly","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135436841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palaeobiogeography, palaeoecology, and sequence stratigraphy of the Upper Jurassic carbonate succession of the Lar Formation, central Alborz Zone, Iran","authors":"Zahra Saleh, Daniela Reháková","doi":"10.7306/gq.1685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/gq.1685","url":null,"abstract":"Foraminifera, ammonites, and calcareous dinoflagellates were used for stratigraphy and, together with microfacies, for the assessment of the palaeoenvironmental conditions of the Upper Jurassic deposits in the central Alborz Zone of northern Iran. The Lar Formation (Lar Fm.) in the Polur section is of latest Oxfordian to early Kimmeridgian age. The ammonite Subnebrodites planula and the calcareous dinoflagellate Colomisphaera nagyi have been introduced as new biomarkers of the lower Kimmeridgian in the central Neo-Tethys. The distribution of calcareous dinoflagellates reflects possible dispersal routes along a narrow seaway between the western Neo-Tethys and the Alborz Zone in the central Neo-Tethys. The Terebella-Crescentiella associations of the Lar Fm. represent a low-energy setting under dysoxic conditions in the Central Neo-Tethys Ocean. The benthic foraminiferal assemblages in this formation show a high dominance of infaunal taxa and r-selected strategists. This assemblage is reminiscent of eutrophic conditions and low oxygen levels in the lower part of the Lar Fm. Good preservation of the hexactinellid sponges in the upper part of the Lar Fm. also indicates an oxygen-minimum zone. Three third-order depositional sequences can be distinguished in the study area based on six microfacies. Depositional sequence 1 (DS1) is composed mainly of argillaceous limestone and medium- to thick-bedded limestone, corresponding to an outer ramp-to-middle ramp environment. Depositional sequence 2 (DS2) comprises breccia limestone and thick-bedded limestone facies in its lower part and thin-bedded limestone to massive limestone in its upper part. The breccia limestone facies may be associated with subaerial exposure and reworking of previously deposited sediment during a relative sea level fall. The thin-bedded limestone to massive limestone of DS2 consists mainly of bioclastic mudstone to wackestone (outer ramp). These represent an deep-water outer homoclinal ramp facies. Depositional sequence 3 (DS3) consists mainly of massive limestone to thick-bedded limestone with a bioclastic peloidal microbial Crescentiella packstone (middle ramp). The relative stratigraphic positions of DSs1–3 and sequence boundaries in the uppermost Oxfordian to lower Kimmeridgian of the Polur area show a fair match to the upper Oxfordian to lower Kimmeridgian sequences (JOx7, JOx8, JKi1 and JKi2) on the global sea level curve.","PeriodicalId":12587,"journal":{"name":"Geological Quarterly","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138528608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Earliest cereal cultivation in Egypt recorded in the Faiyum Oasis lake deposits and its palaeoclimatic context","authors":"Fabian Welc, Leszek Marks, Krystyna Milecka","doi":"10.7306/gq.1691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/gq.1691","url":null,"abstract":"<br /><div><table width=\"100%\"><tbody><tr valign=\"top\"><td>We determine the beginning of the Neolithic farming in northern Egypt, based on analysis of core FA-1 of lake deposits in the Faiyum Oasis in northern Egypt. Regular lamination of the early Middle Holocene lake deposits, supported by radiocarbon dating and pollen analysis, indicates the earliest occurrence of domesticated cereals at ~7.8 cal ka BP in this region. The appearance of cereals in the Faiyum region was possible due to fundamental restructuring of regional climatic conditions caused by the changing atmospheric circulation in the eastern Mediterranean region. Stronger northwestern winds were accompanied by increased precipitation in winter and enabled 3 farming phases in the Faiyum Oasis at 7.8–7.6, 7.4–7.2 and 7.0–6.8 cal ka BP, separated by arid episodes with predominant southern winds. Most probably, cereal cultivation concentrated inside local wadis to the north of the lake and was rainfall-dependent. Therefore, early Egyptian farming did not develop based on irrigation systems as commonly thought, but was rain-fed, this being possible due to marked climate change at the beginning of the Middle Holocene.</td><td> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><div><h4> </h4></div>","PeriodicalId":12587,"journal":{"name":"Geological Quarterly","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138528629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Upper Cretaceous variegated shales in the Ropianka Formation of the Magura Nappe (Outer Carpathians) – age and lithostratigraphic position","authors":"Anna Waśkowska, Mateusz Szczęch","doi":"10.7306/gq.1688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/gq.1688","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The lithological characteristics and age analysis of the variegated Farony Shale are presented for the first time. The Farony Shale occurs in the Lubomierz and Rabka areas in the Bystrica Subunit. It is located within medium- and thin-bedded sandy dominated turbidites of the Campanian–Paleocene Ropianka Formation. It is comprised of red shales laminated or interlayered with strongly bioturbated green shales. Exposures of the Farony Shale are observed along a distance of ~25 km, in the form of a narrow belt. The age of the variegated deposits is estimated based on agglutinated foraminifera to late Campanian–earliest Maastrichtian. Their deposition was associated with low-energy conditions and a temporary limitation of the supply of sandy material to the inner part of the Magura Basin.</p>","PeriodicalId":12587,"journal":{"name":"Geological Quarterly","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138528626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sedimentology and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the late Pleistocene deposits along the Bizerte Coast, N-E Tunisia","authors":"Wided Sahli, Saadi Jalila, Kamel Regaya","doi":"10.7306/gq.1686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/gq.1686","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The N–E Tunisian coast (Bizerte region) shows several Quaternary sedimentary archives of middle to late Pleistocene age. Sedimentological analyses carried out (grain size, morphoscopy, exoscopy, petrography, mineralogy, and fossil content) on 12 sections reveal a succession that begins with infratidal deposits attributed to the last Interglacial period, followed by intertidal, continental (palaeosol) and/or aeolian deposits (aeolianites). The arrangement of these deposits, their lithological characteristics and their faunal contents are the basis for a palaeoenvironment reconstruction and estimation of palaeoclimatic conditions. A warmer climate and a high sea level characterize the beginning of this interval, followed by a sea level fall accompanied by an alternation of humid and arid climate. This alternation is reflected by intercalations of the palaeosol levels between the aeolian deposits.<br /><br /><br /><strong></strong></p>","PeriodicalId":12587,"journal":{"name":"Geological Quarterly","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138542202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First record of tempestites from Quaternary lacustrine deposits in the Ağrı Basin (Eastern Anatolia, Türkiye): palaeoclimatological and palaeogeographic implications","authors":"Serkan Üner","doi":"10.7306/gq.1683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/gq.1683","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Several event layers have been identified in lacustrine deposits in the AErI Basin of Anatolia (E Türkiye). Sedimentological and palaeontological data newly indicate a storm-induced origin for some of them. The sedimentary structures in three sections, a few tens of metres apart from each other laterally, such as hummocky cross-stratification, wave-generated cross-bedding, parallel bedding, erosional surfaces, and graded bedding, which are considered characteristic of tempestites, are clearly present. Additionally, fining-upwards units and biogenic escape structures located at different levels of these sections indicate a similar origin. The vertical variations in layer thickness, grain size, and sedimentary structures in these sedimentary sections indicate fluctuating hydrodynamic conditions during deposition, while lateral decrease in the size and wavelength of the structures reflects deepening. This interpretation of storm-induced deposition is compatible with regional palaeoclimatological and palaeogeographical data, and is supported by evidence of Quaternary storm-induced sedimentation in adjacent lacustrine basins in the region<br /><br /><br /></p>","PeriodicalId":12587,"journal":{"name":"Geological Quarterly","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138528653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corkscrew-like horizontal trace fossils with a focus on a new ichnospecies of Helicodromites from the Oligocene Molare Formation of NW Italy","authors":"A. Uchman, Bruno Rattazzi","doi":"10.7306/gq.1692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/gq.1692","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12587,"journal":{"name":"Geological Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44825604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of tectonic setting on groundwater chemical composition in the Peshkopi gypsum karst area, Korab Mountains, Eastern Albania","authors":"Romeo Eftimi, V. Andreychouk, T. Niedoba, J. Różkowski","doi":"10.7306/gq.1689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/gq.1689","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12587,"journal":{"name":"Geological Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43823214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}