Gerodontology最新文献

{"title":"Concurrent Validity of the Modified Oral Status Survey Tool.","authors":"Hoda Tayebi-Hillali, Caoimhin Mac Giolla Phadraig, Isabel C Olegário, Jean Moynihan, Laura Hunt, Lewis Winning, Philip McCallion, Mary McCarron, Katrina Byrne","doi":"10.1111/ger.70092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ger.70092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Modified Oral Status Survey Tool (MOSST) is a novel instrument designed to assess oral health and function in older adults for whom traditional dental indices are unsuitable. Originally developed for older adults with intellectual disabilities (ID), its reliability and content validity are established, but its concurrent validity against clinical standards is unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the concurrent validity of the MOSST by comparing its scores with established clinical indices for caries, gingival inflammation, and oral cleanliness in older adults with ID.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A validation study was conducted within Wave 6 of the Intellectual Disability Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA). Dentate older adults with ID (n = 45; age range [40-70 years]) were assessed by a calibrated dentist using MOSST, the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS), the Modified Gingival Index (MGI), and the Plaque Index (PI). Agreement between MOSST items and clinical indices was analysed using Cohen's kappa and Spearman's rank correlation coefficients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 45 participants were analysed. The MOSST demonstrated perfect agreement with ICDAS-merged stage for extensive caries lesion (κ = 1.00), the MGI for gingival inflammation (κ = 1.00), and the PI for oral cleanliness (κ = 1.00). Spearman's correlations were also perfect (p = 1.00) across all domains with no significant difference between MOSST and indices identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MOSST demonstrates excellent concurrent validity with gold-standard clinical measures. Its accurate identification of cavitated caries, gingival inflammation, and plaque accumulation supports its use as a practical, non-dental tool for oral health assessment and research in older adults where traditional dental methods are inappropriate.</p>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147928389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"43 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148067585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"43 2","pages":"i-iii"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148067584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deploying Oral Health Therapists in Aged Residential Care in New Zealand: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Moira B Smith, Sarah Majeed, Rachel Holden, Shennae Bartlett, Ngaire Kerse, Noor Nazahiah Bakri, Keiko Oda, W Murray Thomson","doi":"10.1111/ger.70087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ger.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The proportion of older New Zealanders entering aged residential care facilities with at least some of their natural dentition remaining is steadily increasing, and high dental caries increments are evident in that setting, with important implications for quality of life.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the effectiveness of a clinical intervention in aged residential care delivered by oral health therapists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two care homes were purposively selected, with 85 and 60 residents (respectively), from all care levels (rest home, hospital, dementia and psychogeriatric). Two clinical examinations (baseline and follow-up at 3 months) were undertaken by oral health therapists. In the intervention, residents-along with their family members and/or carer if appropriate-received personalised oral care advice, including (but not limited to) recommendations on tooth brushing, interdental cleaning, denture care and hygiene, and dietary advice, as needed. Outcomes assessed were plaque score, calculus score, gingival appearance, food debris score, tooth mobility and oral odour.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 78 residents participated. Just over one-quarter were edentulous; most of the remainder were partially dentate in both arches, with a minority having an edentulous maxilla opposing a partially dentate mandible. Approximately one in eight residents was subsequently lost to follow-up. Mean plaque score worsened, although the effect size was small. There was a moderate improvement in mean calculus score, along with small improvements in gingival appearance and mean food debris score, but there was no improvement in tooth mobility. The proportion with an unpleasant oral odour increased, from one in 14 to one in nine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deploying oral health therapists in the care home setting to assist staff in caring for residents is possible, but obtaining meaningful improvement in clinical measures remains a challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147813710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Mediation Analysis of Oral Health, Anthropometric Characteristics and Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Mexican Older Adults.","authors":"Julio M Fernandez Villa, Omar Yaxmehen Bello-Chavolla, Carmen Garcia-Peña, Sergio Sanchez-Garcia","doi":"10.1111/ger.70086","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Frailty has been associated with oral health, a broad and heterogeneous construct. Due to its complexity and multi-dimensional nature, clarifying the role of oral health in the development of frailty remains challenging; potential mediating factors are being examined to improve its comprehension. This study aims to examine the relationship between frailty and oral deficits, considering biological age as a potential mediator using samples of Mexicans aged over 60.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a secondary analysis of the Cohort of Obesity, Sarcopenia and Frailty of Older Mexican Adults (COSFOMA), a cohort of Mexican older adults starting at age 60. We analysed pre-pandemic data from 2019, including questionnaires, anthropometric measures, oral health evaluations and physical performance tests. Frailty was assessed using a standard Frailty Index, constructed from health-related deficits. Oral health was evaluated with the New Oral Health Index and the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Accelerated aging was estimated using AnthropoAge. Associations between frailty, oral health and biological aging were examined using generalised linear models (GLMs) with bootstrapped standard errors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analytical sample comprised 1657 participants. We found that women had higher scores in BMI categories, use of prostheses, while men had higher scores of dental biofilm, gingivitis, caries and number of missing teeth. Values were higher among those with oral health deficits. A sex-stratified sub-analysis was performed; among men, no statistically significant average causal mediation effect (ACME) was found. However, among women, the direct effect of oral health deficits on frailty was not statistically significant, indicating associational evidence about mediation by accelerated aging. The proportion was 51.86%.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Oral health deficits were associated with frailty, evidence consistent with an indirect pathway through accelerated aging. Among women, this indirect association was primarily observed in aging profiles characterised by disproportionate fat distribution and reduced lean mass. These findings highlight potential pathways linking oral health and frailty that warrant further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147769047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Oral Health in General Health National Policy Frameworks for Older Adults: Scoping Review.","authors":"Manori Dhanapriyanka, Lyndal Pritchard, Angelique Zamora, Nilesh Torwane, Helena Silveira Schuch, Diep Hong Ha, Irosha Perera, Prasanna Jayasekara, Loc Do","doi":"10.1111/ger.70085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ger.70085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The global rise in population ageing challenges health systems, including oral health, which is integral to overall health and quality of life. Although the World Health Organization advocates integrated care for older adults, evidence on national models integrating oral health into broader health strategies remains limited.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This review aimed to synthesise evidence on approaches that integrate oral health into general health national policy frameworks, focusing on older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A scoping review was conducted using electronic searches of government domains via Google and Google Advanced in English-speaking countries, supplemented by searches of the Analysis and Policy Observatory database. Inclusion criteria were based on Population: older adults; Context: national-level health policy frameworks; Concept: integration of oral health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 2616 documents retrieved from 52 countries, 1964 were screened, and 28 documents with oral health incorporated were included. The focus areas of the included documents were palliative care, mental health, disease prevention, chronic diseases, nutrition, and healthy ageing. Across the 28 included documents, oral health was mentioned in the context of 24, with nine of these referring to it only in the policy context. Oral health appeared under an objective or strategy in five documents, as an activity in three, as an indicator in two, and as a recommendation in nine documents. Oral health stakeholder representation was limited.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review identified that the integration of oral health within broader national health policies targeting older adults remains largely superficial, underscoring the need for deeper and more meaningful integration and intersectoral collaboration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147768493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Regular Dual-Light Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy on Oral Health in Assisted Living Residents-A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Wilma Romppanen, Jaana Helenius-Hietala, Saila Pakarinen, Sanna Korte, Riitta Saarela, Anna Maria Heikkinen, Timo Sorsa, Tommi Pätilä","doi":"10.1111/ger.70077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ger.70077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of dual-light antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on oral health among older people living in assisted living facilities (ALF), comparing it to conventional oral self-care guidance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this parallel-group, two-arm randomized controlled pilot study, functional older adults living in assisted living facilities were randomized in a 1:1 allocation ratio to receive either conventional oral self-care guidance or guidance combined with regular dual-light aPDT home-care device. Clinical measurements, VPI (Visible Plaque Index) and CPITN (Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs), were conducted on-site using a mobile dental chair, and participants completed questionnaires on self-care habits, motivation, and oral dryness. Mouthrinse aMMP-8 levels were measured using a point-of-care assay. The follow-up period was 2 months. An intention-to-treat analysis was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analysis included data on twenty-eight consented participants aged 51 to 95, of whom 17 were female and 11 were male. A significant reduction in dental biofilm was observed in both groups based on VPI measurements. Participants in the treatment group showed a significant improvement in periodontal health according to CPITN (p = 0.0006), but that was not apparent in the control group. aMMP-8 mouthrinse positivity reduced in both groups. Objectively measured oral dryness improved in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dual-light aPDT may be an effective adjunct to conventional oral self-care in assisted living facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147769008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Oral Muscle-Strengthening Training Using a Smartphone Application on Pronunciation in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Kyeong-Jin Lee, Hyun-Young Moon, Yoon-Young Choi, Kyeong-Hee Lee","doi":"10.1111/ger.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ger.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effects of smartphone application-based oral muscle-strengthening training on articulation in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eligible participants who scored within the normal range on a speech screening test underwent oral muscle-strengthening training using smartphone application-based content twice weekly for 6 weeks, whereas a control group was instructed to maintain their usual daily routines without receiving any specific intervention. To examine improvements in speech performance, the total percentage of correct consonants (PCC), proportion of whole-word correctness (PWC), phonological mean length of utterance, proportion of whole-word proximity and percentage of correct vowels were assessed. Phonological error patterns were also identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 47 older adults aged ≥ 65 years, including both men and women, were included. According to the repeated-measures ANOVA, the intervention group demonstrated significantly greater post-intervention improvements than the control group in PCC (from 97.9 at baseline to 99.0 post-intervention, p = 0.031) and PWC (from 0.9 to 1.0, p = 0.004). Although the absolute changes were numerically small, they were associated with moderate effect sizes, indicating clinically meaningful improvements in pronunciation accuracy. The mean number of vowel change errors significantly decreased (from 0.8 to 0.5, p = 0.042).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Smartphone application-based oral muscle-strengthening training can positively affect pronunciation improvement in older adults. This suggests the potential of non-face-to-face, self-directed interventions to mitigate age-related declines in oral motor function and maintain communication abilities, thereby contributing to enhanced quality of life among older adults.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical Research Information Service of the Korean Government: KCT0011121.</p>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147769022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation and Validation of the Arabic Version of the Xerostomia Inventory.","authors":"Faisal F Hakeem, Husam Younis Alturkistany, Abdulmajeed Abdulaziz Baik, Rasha Omar Aldadjan, Razan Ali Alsahli, Arina Jafar Almarwani","doi":"10.1111/ger.70082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ger.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Xerostomia is a common condition in older adults and is associated with adverse oral health outcomes. The Xerostomia Inventory (XI) is a widely used instrument for assessing perceived dry mouth, yet a validated Arabic version of the full XI is lacking. This study aimed to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Xerostomia Inventory (XI-Ar) among older adults in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional psychometric validation study included 77 Arabic-speaking adults aged 60-86 years (58.4% female) from the College of Dentistry University Hospital at Taibah University, Saudi Arabia. The XI-Ar was developed using a structured cross-cultural adaptation process, and participants completed the instrument at baseline; a subset repeated it after 7 days. Psychometric evaluation included internal consistency, acceptability, construct validity, convergent validity, and test-retest reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The XI-Ar demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.86) and good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.75). Floor and ceiling effects were minimal (1.3% each). The correlation between total XI-Ar scores and unstimulated whole salivary flow rate was weak. Item-level correlations with salivary flow were observed for SIPLIQ (ρ = -0.37) and DRYMOUTH (ρ = -0.24). Participants with poor self-rated oral health and those with depressive symptoms reported higher xerostomia scores than their counterparts, supporting discriminant validity. XI-Ar scores did not differ meaningfully by nutritional status or hyposalivation classification.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The XI-Ar is a valid and reliable tool for assessing xerostomia among Arabic-speaking older adults, with psychometric performance comparable to validated versions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147768521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Dental Varnishes and Gels for the Prevention and Management of Dental Caries in Older Adults-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Theresa Cleary, Enas M Rostom, Reyes Enciso, Roseann Mulligan","doi":"10.1111/ger.70075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ger.70075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of dental varnishes/gels in the prevention/management of dental caries in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cochrane, PubMed, Web of Science and EMBASE were searched through March 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCT) including patients aged ≥ 60 years (or average age ≥ 60 years) utilizing varnish or gel interventions. Outcomes included caries incidence and lesion progression or reversal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 112 abstracts reviewed, 10 RCTs (unclear or high risk of bias) were included. One study showed 1% chlorhexidine (CHX)-1% thymol varnish applied 7 times over 12 months significantly reduced carious/filled surfaces versus placebo (p < 0.001) and improved active lesions (RR = 2.00, p = 0.018). Monthly 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish with professional brushing significantly improved outcomes versus standard fluoride toothpaste and oral hygiene instructions [OHI] (RR = 1.63, p = 0.002). When professional cleaning and OHI were provided quarterly, adding varnishes (1% CHX-1% thymol or 5% NaF) showed no significant additional benefit. Evidence quality was low to moderate due to heterogeneity and bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Quarterly professional cleaning with OHI was as efficacious as adding either the 1% CHX-1% thymol or 5% NaF varnishes. Applying dental varnishes in the office every 3 months could be a more practical option for the delivery of preventive modalities to older adults who could have cognitive or physical limitations that negatively impact the frequency of daily or weekly use at home of toothpaste or rinses. Future research should evaluate cost-effectiveness and adherence to preventive protocols across different patient functional and behavioural abilities and care settings.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>PROSPERO ID: CRD42024585284.</p>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147689676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}