Geographical Analysis最新文献_第8页

Exploring the Impacts of Spatial Contexts on the Life Course Trajectory Status of Vulnerability 空间环境对脆弱性生命历程轨迹状态的影响

IF 4.3 3区地球科学

Geographical Analysis Pub Date : 2025-05-20 DOI: 10.1111/gean.70013

Eva K. Andersson

{"title":"Exploring the Impacts of Spatial Contexts on the Life Course Trajectory Status of Vulnerability","authors":"Eva K. Andersson","doi":"10.1111/gean.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gean.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this study is to investigate in what ways the spatial context matters for the life course trajectory status in terms of vulnerability. In particular, it explores the impacts of spatial contexts aggregated from life course trajectories. It uses a longitudinal micro-dataset, 1990–2019 from Statistics Sweden, to analyze the relationship between geographical context constructed by aggregated life course trajectories, and individual life course trajectories. A latent class analysis (LCA) is employed to identify life courses and examines how these trajectories are influenced by individualized neighborhoods. The findings show that spatial context plays a significant role in shaping individuals' life course trajectories of vulnerability: (1) being in any sort of trajectory of vulnerability, (2) four transitional categories of vulnerability. Residing in a context of Families in distress was associated with higher odds of experiencing vulnerability. Other factors such as country of birth, gender, earlier vulnerability also impact life course trajectory status. This study contributes to answering the question if poor neighborhoods make their residents poorer, posed by Jürgen Friedrichs in the late 1990s. The study goes beyond merely measuring cross-sectional single variable residential segregation patterns as context, offering valuable insights into consequences, supporting planning for geographic equality of opportunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12533,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Analysis","volume":"57 4","pages":"641-661"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gean.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145272806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can Moran Eigenvectors Improve Machine Learning of Spatial Data? Insights From Synthetic Data Validation Moran特征向量能改善空间数据的机器学习吗？来自合成数据验证的见解

IF 4.3 3区地球科学

Geographical Analysis Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1111/gean.70011

Ziqi Li, Zhan Peng

{"title":"Can Moran Eigenvectors Improve Machine Learning of Spatial Data? Insights From Synthetic Data Validation","authors":"Ziqi Li, Zhan Peng","doi":"10.1111/gean.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gean.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Moran eigenvector spatial filtering (ESF) approaches have shown promise in accounting for spatial effects in statistical models. Can this extend to machine learning? This article examines the effectiveness of using Moran Eigenvectors as additional spatial features in machine learning models. We generate synthetic datasets with known processes involving spatially varying and nonlinear effects across two different geometries. Moran Eigenvectors calculated from different spatial weights matrices, with and without a priori eigenvector selection, are tested. We assess the performance of popular machine learning models, including Random Forests, LightGBM, XGBoost, and TabNet, and benchmark their accuracies in terms of cross-validated <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>R</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {R}^2 $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> values against models that use only coordinates as features. We also extract coefficients and functions from the models using GeoShapley and compare them with the true processes. The results show that machine learning models using only location coordinates achieve better accuracies than eigenvector-based approaches across various experiments and datasets. Furthermore, we discuss that while these findings are relevant for spatial processes that exhibit positive spatial autocorrelation, they do not necessarily apply when modeling network autocorrelation and cases with negative spatial autocorrelation, where Moran Eigenvectors would still be useful.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12533,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Analysis","volume":"57 4","pages":"602-615"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145272915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Network Analysis of the Danish Bicycle Infrastructure: Bikeability Across Urban–Rural Divides 丹麦自行车基础设施的网络分析：跨城乡的可骑自行车性

IF 4.3 3区地球科学

Geographical Analysis Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1111/gean.70012

Ane Rahbek Vierø, Michael Szell

{"title":"Network Analysis of the Danish Bicycle Infrastructure: Bikeability Across Urban–Rural Divides","authors":"Ane Rahbek Vierø, Michael Szell","doi":"10.1111/gean.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gean.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Research on cycling conditions focuses on cities, because cycling is commonly considered an urban phenomenon. People outside of cities should, however, also have access to the benefits of active mobility. To bridge the gap between urban and rural cycling research, we analyze the bicycle network of Denmark, covering around 43,000 km<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mrow></mrow>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {}^2 $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and nearly 6 million inhabitants. We divide the network into four levels of traffic stress and quantify the spatial patterns of bikeability based on network density, fragmentation, and reach. We find that the country has a high share of low-stress infrastructure, but with a very uneven distribution. The widespread fragmentation of low-stress infrastructure results in low mobility for cyclists who do not tolerate high traffic stress. Finally, we partition the network into bikeability clusters and conclude that both high and low bikeability are strongly spatially clustered. Our research confirms that in Denmark, bikeability tends to be high in urban areas. The latent potential for cycling in rural areas is mostly unmet, although some rural areas benefit from previous infrastructure investments. To mitigate the lack of low-stress cycling infrastructure outside urban centers, we suggest prioritizing investments in urban–rural cycling connections and encourage further research in improving rural cycling conditions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12533,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Analysis","volume":"57 4","pages":"616-640"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145272916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the Validity of OpenStreetMap for Food Environment Research 开放街道地图在食品环境研究中的有效性评估

IF 4.3 3区地球科学

Geographical Analysis Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1111/gean.70014

Guangping Chen, Andrew C. Stevenson, Lindsey G. Smith, Michael J. Widener

{"title":"Assessing the Validity of OpenStreetMap for Food Environment Research","authors":"Guangping Chen, Andrew C. Stevenson, Lindsey G. Smith, Michael J. Widener","doi":"10.1111/gean.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gean.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study assessed agreement between food environment measures derived from OpenStreetMap (OSM) data, a commercial dataset, and an administrative dataset (the Canadian Food Environment Dataset, Can-FED) to better understand the suitability of OSM food-related data for food environment research. We calculated Spearman's correlations between continuous retail food environment measures in Can-FED and those derived from OSM and DMTI Spatial. Additionally, using Can-FED as the reference, we assessed the accuracy of categorical food environment variables derived from OSM and DMTI data. OSM consistently reported fewer food retailers than Can-FED, but correlations between density and proportion measures from OSM, DMTI, and Can-FED were moderate to very strong. OSM and DMTI reliably identified areas with low proportions of healthier food retailers and fast-food outlets, though accuracy was lower in areas with higher proportions. In metropolitan areas, where categorized variables from OSM differed from Can-FED, proportions of healthier retailers and fast-food outlets were often underestimated. This study highlights OSM's limitations, such as missing data and error in accurately classifying neighborhood food environments, yet suggests that OSM may be useful for capturing general trends or measuring food environments in low-density areas when higher quality administrative data is not accessible.</p>","PeriodicalId":12533,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Analysis","volume":"57 4","pages":"592-601"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gean.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145272942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using Novel Methods to Develop Data for Evidence-Based Practice: Understanding LGBTI Stigma and Discrimination at the Sub National Level in Europe Using the Eurobarometer 使用新方法为基于证据的实践开发数据：使用欧洲晴雨表了解欧洲次国家层面的LGBTI耻辱和歧视

IF 4.3 3区地球科学

Geographical Analysis Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1111/gean.70008

Natalie Hammond, Angelo Moretti

{"title":"Using Novel Methods to Develop Data for Evidence-Based Practice: Understanding LGBTI Stigma and Discrimination at the Sub National Level in Europe Using the Eurobarometer","authors":"Natalie Hammond, Angelo Moretti","doi":"10.1111/gean.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gean.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Drawing on data from the Eurobarometer Survey, this study explores the distribution of stigma and discrimination towards LGBTI communities at the sub-national level. There has been increased attention at global and pan-European levels around LGBTI rights mostly drawing on national-level measurements. However, there is limited research or understanding of the complex and pervasive problem of stigma and discrimination towards LGBTI groups at regional levels. Yet, it is widely noted that regional disparities exist across demographic characteristics; thus, national-level data may not be suitable for planning and policy making. We utilized two questions from the Eurobarometer as a proxy for levels of stigma and discrimination against LGBTI communities. We drew on novel Small Area Estimation (SAE) methods to produce the first reliable estimates and analysis for sub-national areas across Europe. The findings widen our understanding of differences around stigma and discrimination towards LGBTI communities both <i>between</i> and <i>within</i> nation states, emphasizing how regional-level analysis is necessary to develop targeted policies and interventions. Our findings demonstrate that programming and policy based on only national data should be utilized with caution. We argue that novel methods, such as SAE, can be utilized to support more effective data-driven decision making.</p>","PeriodicalId":12533,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Analysis","volume":"57 4","pages":"578-591"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gean.70008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145272943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Time Series Clustering for Exploring Neighborhood Dynamics: The Case of U.S. Neighborhood Racial and Ethnic Trends, 1990–2020 探索社区动态的时间序列聚类：以1990-2020年美国社区种族和民族趋势为例

IF 3.3 3区地球科学

Geographical Analysis Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1111/gean.70006

Elizabeth C. Delmelle, Isabelle Nilsson, Nathan Duma

{"title":"Time Series Clustering for Exploring Neighborhood Dynamics: The Case of U.S. Neighborhood Racial and Ethnic Trends, 1990–2020","authors":"Elizabeth C. Delmelle, Isabelle Nilsson, Nathan Duma","doi":"10.1111/gean.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gean.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article introduces a time-series clustering approach for classifying, visualizing, and exploring neighborhood dynamics. We illustrate the method for the case of racial and ethnic dynamics of neighborhoods in 64 U.S. metropolitan areas from 1990 to 2020. We establish typologies of continuous attribute trajectories for the share of Black, White, and Hispanic populations at the census tract level and explore generalizability versus specificity tradeoffs when varying the cluster analysis scale. Our results affirm a consistent decline in White population shares in neighborhoods across most metropolitan areas, accompanied by varied increases in Black and Hispanic populations. We also highlight the importance of metropolitan context in shaping neighborhood trends. While all cities show a trend towards increased diversity, the specific patterns and rates of change vary considerably, highlighting the unique demographic dynamics at play in each metropolitan area. The time-series clustering approach offers some advantages over previously used methods for visualizing and classifying longitudinal neighborhood dynamics like sequence analysis or growth change modeling in that it clusters the full continuous time series and does assume a pre-determined functional form.</p>","PeriodicalId":12533,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Analysis","volume":"57 3","pages":"402-420"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gean.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling and Analyzing Urban Networks and Amenities With OSMnx 基于OSMnx的城市网络与便利设施建模与分析

IF 4.3 3区地球科学

Geographical Analysis Pub Date : 2025-05-03 DOI: 10.1111/gean.70009

Geoff Boeing

引用次数: 0

Absolute Space or Relational Space, Which Governs Spatiotemporally Extended Effects in Disease Dispersion? 绝对空间还是关系空间：控制疾病扩散的时空延伸效应？

IF 4.3 3区地球科学

Geographical Analysis Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1111/gean.70007

Shiran Zhong, Ling Bian

{"title":"Absolute Space or Relational Space, Which Governs Spatiotemporally Extended Effects in Disease Dispersion?","authors":"Shiran Zhong, Ling Bian","doi":"10.1111/gean.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gean.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prevailing disease models typically focus on in-situ effects, that is, the health risks of a location are affected by the transmission-driving factors of the same location. The ex-situ effects, in contrast, extend health risks from neighboring locations and earlier days to focal locations and current dates. These effects could be critical but have not received much attention. This study investigates the extended effects in absolute space and relational space. We examine whether the effects exist, whether they differ between the two spaces, and whether they vary with the order of neighbors and the number of prior dates in both spaces. Results show that extended effects are generally present. Mild effects are identified in absolute space, while greater effects are observed in relational space. The effects vary slightly with the neighbor order in absolute space, but considerably in relational space where the second-order neighbors exert the most prominent effects. In both spaces, the effects diminish at the third-order and last for up to three days. These findings advocate multiple spatializations that offer an in-depth understanding of disease dispersion in specific and dynamic geographic phenomena at large.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12533,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Analysis","volume":"57 4","pages":"557-566"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145273016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fast Spatio-Temporally Varying Coefficient Modeling With Reluctant Interaction Selection 基于不情愿交互选择的快速时空变化系数建模

IF 3.3 3区地球科学

Geographical Analysis Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1111/gean.70005

Daisuke Murakami, Shinichiro Shirota, Seiji Kajita, Mami Kajita

{"title":"Fast Spatio-Temporally Varying Coefficient Modeling With Reluctant Interaction Selection","authors":"Daisuke Murakami, Shinichiro Shirota, Seiji Kajita, Mami Kajita","doi":"10.1111/gean.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gean.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Spatially and temporally varying coefficient (STVC) models are attracting attention as a flexible tool to explore the spatio-temporal patterns in regression coefficients. However, these models often struggle with balancing the computational efficiency, flexibility, and interpretability of the coefficients. This study develops a fast and flexible STVC model to address this challenge. To enhance flexibility and interpretability, we assume multiple processes in each varying coefficient, including purely spatial, purely temporal, and spatio-temporal interaction processes with or without time cyclicity. We combine a pre-conditioning method with a model selection procedure, inspired by reluctant interaction modeling, to estimate the strength of each process in each coefficient in a computationally efficient manner, while removing redundant processes as necessary. Monte Carlo experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms alternatives in terms of coefficient estimation accuracy and computational efficiency. We then apply the proposed method to a crime analysis. The result confirms that the proposed method provides reasonable estimates. The STVC model is implemented in the R package spmoran.</p>","PeriodicalId":12533,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Analysis","volume":"57 3","pages":"521-539"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gean.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the Number of Criteria in GIS-Based Multicriteria Evaluation: A Machine Learning Approach 基于gis的多标准评估中标准数量的评估：一种机器学习方法

IF 3.3 3区地球科学

Geographical Analysis Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1111/gean.70004

Lan Qing Zhao, Suzana Dragićević, Shivanand Balram, Liliana Perez

{"title":"Assessing the Number of Criteria in GIS-Based Multicriteria Evaluation: A Machine Learning Approach","authors":"Lan Qing Zhao, Suzana Dragićević, Shivanand Balram, Liliana Perez","doi":"10.1111/gean.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gean.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is a widely used approach and a decision rule to derive criteria weights in geographic information system-based multi-criteria evaluation (GIS-MCE). However, one limitation of the AHP method is that it constrains the number of criteria that can be meaningfully weighted to typically seven to nine criteria. Recently, machine learning (ML) techniques have emerged as a compelling alternative for deriving criteria weights. This research aims to assess the capabilities of ML-MCE in handling a larger number of criteria and is specifically applied to a case study of urban suitability analysis. The random forest (RF) ML technique is used to evaluate the ability of the MCE method to handle up to 27 criteria. Geospatial data from the Metro Vancouver Region, Canada, are used, with the criteria subdivided into 11 groups starting with the most basic seven criteria and incrementally adding two new criteria per group. The results indicate the RF-ML approach can manage a larger number of criteria compared to the traditional AHP approach, with 15 criteria providing a meaningful upper threshold, demonstrating its potential to accommodate a wider range of stakeholder preferences for complex urban suitability analysis contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12533,"journal":{"name":"Geographical Analysis","volume":"57 3","pages":"489-506"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gean.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0