French Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

Intensive supportive ambulatory aftercare may increase adherence to treatment and decrease depressive symptoms in patients after a suicide attempt 强化的支持性门诊后护理可以增加对治疗的依从性，并减少自杀未遂患者的抑郁症状

French Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.05.001

Héloïse Delavenne , Frederico Duarte Garcia , Nathalie Giraudeau , Sandrine Louchart , Lynda Zarrou , Humberto Correa , Florence Thibaut

{"title":"Intensive supportive ambulatory aftercare may increase adherence to treatment and decrease depressive symptoms in patients after a suicide attempt","authors":"Héloïse Delavenne , Frederico Duarte Garcia , Nathalie Giraudeau , Sandrine Louchart , Lynda Zarrou , Humberto Correa , Florence Thibaut","doi":"10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Patients who survive a suicide attempt present an increased risk of relapse during the three months after discharge from a hospital, referred to herein as the post-discharge period. Developing and assessing the efficacy and safety of methods that reduce the risk of relapse in the post-discharge period is critical for professionals in the field of suicide prevention. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of a new Intensive Psychosocial Care (IPC) program after discharge for a suicide attempt with a Standard Care Program (SCP) in non-hospitalized patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a open-label prospective trial to compare the outcome of patients who have attempted suicide for a duration of 6 months according to whether they were included in care program group IPC or SCP after discharge from the emergency department.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Using the Beck Depression Inventory short-form (BDI-SF), the IPC program was significantly associated with both a decrease of the total score of the scale at 6th month, and a trend towards a decline in the time lag between discharge and the improvement of depressive symptoms. When compared to SPC, patients receiving the IPC had also a lower drop-out rate (31% versus 43% in the 6th month) and a higher adherence to treatment until the 3rd month (56% versus 41.7%). Median time to reattempt was 83.7 [95%CI: 45.8–121.7] days for IPC as compared to 75.6 [95%CI: 38.8–112.4] days for SCP, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Personalized follow-up with close contacts by the same caregivers as those who initially assessed the patient in the emergency room improved adherence to care and reduced depressive symptoms more intensely and faster after a suicide attempt.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12420,"journal":{"name":"French Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"2 ","pages":"Pages 39-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71872842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Euthanasia: Should psychiatric patients be systematically excluded? 安乐死:精神病患者是否应该被系统地排除在外?

French Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.03.001

Emilie Olié , Philippe Courtet

引用次数: 0

Evidence for the association of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor CHRNA5/A3/B4 gene cluster and nicotine dependence in a young population of students 烟碱乙酰胆碱受体CHRNA5/A3/B4基因簇与年轻学生尼古丁依赖关系的证据

French Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.09.001

Yann Le Strat , Nicolas Ramoz , Philip Gorwood

{"title":"Evidence for the association of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor CHRNA5/A3/B4 gene cluster and nicotine dependence in a young population of students","authors":"Yann Le Strat , Nicolas Ramoz , Philip Gorwood","doi":"10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The <em>CHRNA5/A3/B4</em> acetylcholine receptor gene cluster has been strongly and repeatedly associated with tobacco dependence, but the studied populations were usually made of adults, with frequently associated somatic comorbidities (such as lung cancer).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Four SNPs within this gene, previously associated with tobacco dependence, were tested in a large population of untreated, young French students (average age, 20 years old).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found strong evidence (surviving corrections for multiple comparisons) that different genetic variants within the studied cluster of genes (rs637137, rs3813567, and an ‘AGG’ haplotype based on rs637137, rs3813567 and rs16969968) are able to distinguish the presence of tobacco dependence in adolescents.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The present results argue in favor of the possibility to use different genetic markers of the <em>CHRNA5/A3/B4</em> acetylcholine receptor gene cluster in adolescents, to potentially help more specifically those that need it most (as carrying risk alleles), interventions leading to more benefits when performed in young subjects, or proposed early in the process of tobacco use disorder.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12420,"journal":{"name":"French Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"2 ","pages":"Pages 49-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71872843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Who is doing what in emergency departments to ensure memory recovery after self-poisoning? A survey of university hospital centers in France 谁在急诊部门做什么来确保自我中毒后的记忆恢复?一项对法国大学医院中心的调查

French Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.04.001

Juliette Salles , Aurélie Giron , Christophe Arbus

{"title":"Who is doing what in emergency departments to ensure memory recovery after self-poisoning? A survey of university hospital centers in France","authors":"Juliette Salles , Aurélie Giron , Christophe Arbus","doi":"10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Suicide prevention is a critical issue, and is related to the care and follow-up provided after a suicide attempt. This treatment is, however, linked to a patient's ability to memorize the information given to them in the emergency department, even though their memory may be impaired due to the drugs ingested after a self-poisoning suicide attempt. There is therefore a recommendation that a patient's cognitive-function should be evaluated in these circumstances. The aim of this study was to examine how this advice is applied in practice.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We performed a telephone survey of the 30 teaching hospitals in France. The psychiatric team at each center was asked about the cognitive tests or other methods they employed to evaluate a patient's cognitive-function. We also examined the other markers used.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Only one of the hospitals contacted used a cognitive test. The others determined cognitive recuperation based on factors such as clinical opinion, vigilance or the plasma half-life of the drugs ingested.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>There was no consensus on whether and which cognitive tests should be used following a self-poisoning suicide attempt. Indeed, these tests were very rarely employed. Most of the hospitals contacted used clinical markers, even though these have major limitations. The issue of conducting cognitive evaluations after deliberate self-poisoning must therefore be addressed in order to harmonize clinical practice throughout the country.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12420,"journal":{"name":"French Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"2 ","pages":"Pages 59-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71872845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The French Brain Council Advocacy for 10 priorities regarding the National Brain and Mental Health plan in Europe 法国大脑理事会倡导关于欧洲国家大脑和精神健康计划的10项优先事项

French Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.02.001

François Mauguière , Philip Gorwood , Roland Pochet

引用次数: 0

Personalised 360o video exposure therapy for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A single case study 个性化360视频曝光疗法治疗强迫症:单个案例研究

French Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.02.004

N. Benzina, M. Morgiève, M. Euvrard, João Flores Alves dos Santos, A. Pelissolo, L. Mallet

引用次数: 4

Personalised 360o video exposure therapy for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A single case study 个性化360视频曝光疗法治疗强迫症:单个案例研究

French Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.02.004

Nabil Benzina , Margot Morgiève , Marine Euvrard , João Flores Alves Dos Santos , Antoine Pelissolo , Luc Mallet

{"title":"Personalised 360o video exposure therapy for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A single case study","authors":"Nabil Benzina , Margot Morgiève , Marine Euvrard , João Flores Alves Dos Santos , Antoine Pelissolo , Luc Mallet","doi":"10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.02.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Between 40 and 60% of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are resistant to first-line treatments, including exposure and response prevention techniques. Those are likely to benefit from the rise of virtual reality (VR). However, very few studies have been conducted on the use of VR in OCD with several limitations including a lack of ecological validity. This proof of concept study aims to assess the feasibility and therapeutic potential of a personalised exposure protocol using immersive video.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This protocol was applied to a patient suffering from severe and resistant OCD and consisted of 15 weekly sessions of exposure via a VR headset to 360° immersive videos filmed from the subject's viewpoint in their own environment.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Besides the high acceptability of the immersive device, our patient exhibited a therapeutic response with a reduction in emotional responses measured by skin conductance recording, a reduction in obsessive-compulsive symptoms and an improvement in quality of life.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study provided promising results in a patient initially refractory to conventional treatments. Replication of these results would place personalised immersive 360<sup>o</sup> video exposure as a technique of choice in the therapeutic arsenal for OCD due to its cost-effectiveness and high acceptability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12420,"journal":{"name":"French Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"1 ","pages":"Pages 31-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.02.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71874242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Brief report: A positive association between the DAT1 gene and crack cocaine use disorders in a French Afro-Caribbean population 简要报告:在法国非洲-加勒比人群中，DAT1基因与快克可卡因使用障碍之间存在正相关

French Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.02.002

Nicolas Ramoz , Jerome Lacoste , Guillaume Davido , Sandrine Lamy , Nicolas Ballon , Louis Jehel , Florence Thibaut

{"title":"Brief report: A positive association between the DAT1 gene and crack cocaine use disorders in a French Afro-Caribbean population","authors":"Nicolas Ramoz , Jerome Lacoste , Guillaume Davido , Sandrine Lamy , Nicolas Ballon , Louis Jehel , Florence Thibaut","doi":"10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Crack cocaine use disorder (CCUD) is a major public health with a strong heritability component.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study was aimed to investigate the putative association between the dopamine transporter gene (<em>DAT1</em>/SLC6A3) and crack-cocaine use disorders (CCUD) as well as the possible involvement of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), impulsivity and sensation-seeking.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Seventy-seven male subjects with CCUD were compared with 60 male control subjects of Afro-Caribbean origin. The Barratt Impulsivity Scale, the Wender Utah scale Scale-25 item and the Zuckerman Sensation-Seeking Scale were used. The subjects’ DNAs were genotyped by quantitative PCR (TaqMan method).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found an association with two SNPs (rs6347 and rs27048) of the DAT gene in crack-cocaine use disorder, and a significantly lower frequency of one of the three haplotype blocks of the DAT gene (AT haplotype, defined by the two previous SNPs) and CCUD.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><em>DAT1</em> rs6347 and rs27048 polymorphisms seem to be associated with CCUD. The risk-effect of these polymorphisms appeared to be specific to individuals who are crack users rather than being driven by impulsivity or ADHD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12420,"journal":{"name":"French Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"1 ","pages":"Pages 25-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.02.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71874243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dissociative symptomatology in bipolar disorders: A systematic qualitative review 双相情感障碍的分离症状学:一项系统的定性回顾

French Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.01.001

C. Estric , I. Conejero , S. Lazareth , M. Abbar , F. Jollant

{"title":"Dissociative symptomatology in bipolar disorders: A systematic qualitative review","authors":"C. Estric , I. Conejero , S. Lazareth , M. Abbar , F. Jollant","doi":"10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Case reports and clinical studies suggest that dissociative symptoms (DS) and dissociative disorders (DD) are prevalent in bipolar disorders (BD).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a systematic qualitative review on this association. MEDLINE and PsycINFO studies published up to November 15th, 2018 were searched, with an additional search through bibliographical references. English or French articles published in peer-reviewed journals, reporting quantitative measures of DS and/or frequency of DD, and at least one group or measure of BD were included. Six hundred and seven articles were reviewed on abstracts, 22 full-text articles screened, and 15 finally included.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Four studies showed that BD patients had more DS than healthy controls. DS were more frequent in BD than in unipolar depression in four studies, but less than in borderline personality disorder. DS were associated with an earlier age at onset of BD in two studies and possibly more comorbidity, while the associations with type of BD, suicidal behavior or childhood trauma need confirmation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>While not specific among mental disorders, our review suggests an association between DS/DD and BD. Results should incite clinicians not to exclude too early an unrecognized BD in depressed patients with DS/DD, and consider DS/DD as markers of severity in BD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12420,"journal":{"name":"French Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"1 ","pages":"Pages 11-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.01.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71874244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An urgent need for rapid anti-suicidal drugs 迫切需要快速抗自杀药物

French Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fjpsy.2020.02.003

Philippe Courtet , Bénédicte Nobile , Sébastien Guillaume , Emilie Olié

引用次数: 5