IF 1.9

Fluids Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.3390/fluids9050103

R. Elaswad, N. El-Sheimy, Abdulmajeed Mohamad

{"title":"Analyzing the Influence of Dean Number on an Accelerated Toroidal: Insights from Particle Imaging Velocimetry Gyroscope (PIVG)","authors":"R. Elaswad, N. El-Sheimy, Abdulmajeed Mohamad","doi":"10.3390/fluids9050103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9050103","url":null,"abstract":"Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were utilized in this study to comprehensively explore the fluid dynamics within an accelerated toroidal vessel, specifically those central to Particle Imaging Velocimetry Gyroscope (PIVG) technology. To ensure the robustness of our simulations, we systematically conducted grid convergence studies and quantified uncertainties, affirming the stability, accuracy, and reliability of our computational grid and results. Comprehensive validation against experimental data further confirmed our simulations’ fidelity, emphasizing the model’s fidelity. As the PIVG is set up to address the primary flow through the toroidal pipe, we focused on the interaction between the primary and secondary flows to provide insights into the relevant dynamics of the fluid. In our investigation covering Dean numbers (De) from 10 to 70, we analyzed diverse aspects, including primary flow, secondary flow patterns, pressure distribution, and the interrelation between primary and secondary flows within toroidal structures, offering a comprehensive view across this range. Our research indicated stability and fully developed fluid dynamics within the toroidal pipe under accelerated angular velocity, particularly for low De. Furthermore, we identified an optimal Dean number of 11, which corresponded to ideal dimensions for the toroidal geometry with a curvature radius of 25 mm and a cross-sectional diameter of 5 mm. This study enhances our understanding of toroidal fluid dynamics and highlights the pivotal role of CFD in optimizing toroidal vessel design for advanced navigation technologies.","PeriodicalId":12397,"journal":{"name":"Fluids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140654960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Liquid-Solid Interaction to Evaluate Thermal Aging Effects on Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites 通过液固相互作用评估碳纤维增强复合材料的热老化效应

IF 1.9

Fluids Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.3390/fluids9050100

P. Narongdej, Jack Hanson, E. Barjasteh, S. Moghtadernejad

引用次数: 0

Understanding the Influence of the Buoyancy Sign on Buoyancy-Driven Particle Clouds 了解浮力符号对浮力驱动粒子云的影响

IF 1.9

Fluids Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.3390/fluids9050101

A. Alnahit, N. Kaye, Abdul A. Khan

引用次数: 0

A New Solution of Drag for Newtonian Fluid Droplets in a Power-Law Fluid 牛顿流体液滴在强力定律流体中阻力的新解法

IF 1.9

Fluids Pub Date : 2024-04-21 DOI: 10.3390/fluids9040099

Jianting Zhu

引用次数: 0

Nonlinear Approach to Jouguet Detonation in Perpendicular Magnetic Fields 垂直磁场中朱盖特引爆的非线性方法

IF 1.9

Fluids Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.3390/fluids9040097

A. A. Avramenko, I. Shevchuk, M. Kovetskaya, Y. Kovetska, A. I. Tyrinov

引用次数: 0

Analysis of MAV Rotors Optimized for Low Noise and Aerodynamic Efficiency with Operational Constraints 分析在运行限制条件下为实现低噪音和气动效率而优化的无人飞行器旋翼

IF 1.9

Fluids Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.3390/fluids9040096

Pietro Li Volsi, G. Brogna, R. Gojon, T. Jardin, H. Parisot-Dupuis, J. Moschetta

{"title":"Analysis of MAV Rotors Optimized for Low Noise and Aerodynamic Efficiency with Operational Constraints","authors":"Pietro Li Volsi, G. Brogna, R. Gojon, T. Jardin, H. Parisot-Dupuis, J. Moschetta","doi":"10.3390/fluids9040096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9040096","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid growth of drone use in urban areas has prompted authorities to review airspace regulations, forcing drone manufacturers to anticipate and reduce the noise emissions during the design stage. Additionally, micro air vehicles (MAVs) are designed to be aerodynamically efficient, allowing them to fly farther, longer and safer. In this study, a steady aerodynamic code and an acoustic propagator based on the non-linear vortex lattice method (NVLM) and Farassat’s formulation-1A of the Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings (FW-H) acoustic analogy, respectively, are coupled with pymoo, a python-based optimization framework. This tool is used to perform a multi-objective (noise and aerodynamic efficiency) optimization of a 20 cm diameter two-bladed rotor under hovering conditions. From the set of optimized results, (i.e., the Pareto front), three different rotors are 3D-printed using a stereolithography (SLA) technique and tested in an anechoic room. Here, an array of far-field microphones captures the acoustic radiation and directivity of the rotor, while a balance measures the aerodynamic performance. Both the aerodynamic and aeroacoustic performance of the three different rotors, in line with what has been predicted by the numerical codes, are compared and guidelines for the design of aerodynamically and aeroacoustically efficient MAV rotors are extracted.","PeriodicalId":12397,"journal":{"name":"Fluids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140684741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical Simulation of Swept-Wing Laminar–Turbulent Flow in the Presence of Two-Dimensional Surface Reliefs 存在二维表面凹凸的掠翼层流-湍流的数值模拟

IF 1.9

Fluids Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.3390/fluids9040095

Andrey V. Boiko, S. V. Kirilovskiy, T. Poplavskaya

{"title":"Numerical Simulation of Swept-Wing Laminar–Turbulent Flow in the Presence of Two-Dimensional Surface Reliefs","authors":"Andrey V. Boiko, S. V. Kirilovskiy, T. Poplavskaya","doi":"10.3390/fluids9040095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9040095","url":null,"abstract":"Stochastization of boundary-layer flow has a dramatic effect on the aerodynamic characteristics of wings, nacelles, and other objects frequently encountered in practice, resulting in higher skin-friction drag and worse aerodynamic quality. A swept-wing boundary layer encountering a transition to turbulence in the presence of two-dimensional surface reliefs is considered. The relief has the form of strips of a rectangular cross-section oriented parallel to the leading edge and located at different distances from it. The computations are performed for the angle of attack of −5° and an incoming flow velocity of 30 m/s using the ANSYS Fluent 18.0 software together with the author’s LOTRAN 3 package for predicting the laminar–turbulent transition on the basis of the eN-method. New data on distributions of N factors of swept-wing cross-flow instability affected by the surface relief are presented. The data are of practical importance for engineering modeling of the transition. Also, the effectiveness of using the reliefs as a passive method of weakening the cross-flow instability up to 30% to delay the flow stochastization is shown.","PeriodicalId":12397,"journal":{"name":"Fluids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140683848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Real-Time Optimal Flow Setting and Respiratory Profile Evaluation in Infants Treated with High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) 使用高流量鼻导管 (HFNC) 治疗婴儿的实时最佳流量设置和呼吸曲线评估

IF 1.9

Fluids Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.3390/fluids9040093

Francesco Montecchia, Paola Papoff

{"title":"Real-Time Optimal Flow Setting and Respiratory Profile Evaluation in Infants Treated with High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC)","authors":"Francesco Montecchia, Paola Papoff","doi":"10.3390/fluids9040093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9040093","url":null,"abstract":"High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is becoming the gold standard to treat respiratory distress at any age since it potentially provides several significant clinical advantages. An obstacle to the diffusion of this simple and effective system of oxygen therapy is the impossibility to know the optimal flow rate leading to such advantages that allows the reduction in the respiratory effort without causing hyperinflation. To assist clinicians during HFNC treatment in setting the optimal flow rate and in determining the most relevant parameters related to respiratory mechanics and the effort of the patient, we developed a new programmable data monitoring, acquisition, and elaborating system (Pro_HFNC). The application of Pro_HFNC is fully compatible with HFNC as it is interfaced with patient through a facial mask and two specific catheters. The unavoidable and unpredictable loss of air flow occurring around the contour of the mask is evaluated and compensated by a specific algorithm implemented by Pro_HFNC. Our preliminary clinical trials on pediatric patients treated with HFNC show that Pro_HFNC is actually capable to detect for any specific patient both the lower threshold of the delivered flow beyond which the benefits of HFNC application are reached and all the parameters useful for a complete evaluation of the respiratory profile. Pro_HFNC can really help physicians in setting the optimal flow rate during HFNC treatment, thus allowing for the most effective HFNC performance.","PeriodicalId":12397,"journal":{"name":"Fluids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140688143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Darcy–Brinkman Model for Ternary Dusty Nanofluid Flow across Stretching/Shrinking Surface with Suction/Injection 三元含尘纳米流体流过带吸入/注入的拉伸/收缩表面的达西-布林克曼模型

IF 1.9

Fluids Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.3390/fluids9040094

S. Sachhin, Ulavathi Shettar Mahabaleshwar, D. Laroze, Dimitris Drikakis

{"title":"Darcy–Brinkman Model for Ternary Dusty Nanofluid Flow across Stretching/Shrinking Surface with Suction/Injection","authors":"S. Sachhin, Ulavathi Shettar Mahabaleshwar, D. Laroze, Dimitris Drikakis","doi":"10.3390/fluids9040094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9040094","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding of dusty fluids for different Brinkman numbers in porous media is limited. This study examines the Darcy–Brinkman model for two-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamic fluid flow across permeable stretching/shrinking surfaces with heat transfer. Water was considered as a conventional base fluid in which the copper (Cu), silver (Ag), and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were submerged in a preparation of a ternary dusty nanofluid. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are converted to ordinary differential equations through suitable similarity conversions. Under radiation and mass transpiration, analytical solutions for stretching sheets/shrinking sheets are obtained. Several parameters are investigated, including the magnetic field, Darcy–Brinkman model, solution domain, and inverse Darcy number. The outcomes of the present article reveal that increasing the Brinkman number and inverse Darcy number decreases the velocity of the fluid and dusty phase. Increasing the magnetic field decreases the momentum of the boundary layer. Ternary dusty nanofluids have significantly improved the heat transmission process for manufacturing with applications in engineering, and biological and physical sciences. The findings of this study demonstrate that the ternary nanofluid phase’s heat and mass transpiration performance is better than the dusty phase’s performance.","PeriodicalId":12397,"journal":{"name":"Fluids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140690114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unsteady Subsonic/Supersonic Flow Simulations in 3D Unstructured Grids over an Acoustic Cavity 声腔上方三维非结构网格中的亚声速/超音速非稳态流模拟

IF 1.9

Fluids Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.3390/fluids9040092

Guillermo Araya

{"title":"Unsteady Subsonic/Supersonic Flow Simulations in 3D Unstructured Grids over an Acoustic Cavity","authors":"Guillermo Araya","doi":"10.3390/fluids9040092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9040092","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) equations are employed in conjunction with the Menter Shear Stress Transport (SST)-Scale-Adaptive Simulation (SAS) turbulence model in compressible flow, with an unstructured mesh and complex geometry. While other scale-resolving approaches in space and time, such as direct numerical simulation (DNS) and large-eddy simulation (LES), supply more comprehensive information about the turbulent energy spectrum of the fluctuating component of the flow, they imply computationally intensive situations, usually performed over structured meshes and relatively simple geometries. In contrast, the SAS approach is designed according to “physically” prescribed length scales of the flow. More precisely, it operates by locally comparing the length scale of the modeled turbulence to the von Karman length scale (which depends on the local first- and second fluid velocity derivatives). This length-scale ratio allows the flow to dynamically adjust the local eddy viscosity in order to better capture the large-scale motions (LSMs) in unsteady regions of URANS simulations. While SAS may be constrained to model only low flow frequencies or wavenumbers (i.e., LSM), its versatility and low computational cost make it attractive for obtaining a quick first insight of the flow physics, particularly in those situations dominated by strong flow unsteadiness. The selected numerical application is the well-known M219 three-dimensional rectangular acoustic cavity from the literature at two different free-stream Mach numbers, M∞ (0.85 and 1.35) and a length-to-depth ratio of 5:1. Thus, we consider the “deep configuration” in experiments by Henshaw. The SST-SAS model demonstrates a satisfactory compromise between simplicity, accuracy, and flow physics description.","PeriodicalId":12397,"journal":{"name":"Fluids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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