{"title":"Wittgenstein’s Remarks on Technology and Mental Mechanisms","authors":"T. Raleigh","doi":"10.5840/techne2018122092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/techne2018122092","url":null,"abstract":": This article provides a survey of Wittgenstein’s remarks in which he discusses various kinds of technology. I argue that throughout his career, his use of technological examples displays a thematic unity: technologies are invoked in order to illustrate a certain mechanical conception of the mind. I trace how his use of such examples evolved as his views on the mind and on meaning changed. I also discuss an important and somewhat radical anti-mechanistic strain in his later thought and suggest that Wittgenstein’s attitude to mechanistic explanations in psychology was ultimately quite ambivalent.","PeriodicalId":123735,"journal":{"name":"Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124831762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Technological Investigations: Wittgenstein’s Liberating Presence","authors":"L. Winner","doi":"10.5840/TECHNE2018111485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/TECHNE2018111485","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":123735,"journal":{"name":"Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology","volume":"224 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115024000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Calculus to Language Game: The Challenge of Cognitive Technology","authors":"Christoph Durt","doi":"10.5840/TECHNE2018122091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/TECHNE2018122091","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive technology is an increasingly important form of technology that can deal with meaning by either replicating or simulating human cognition. Cognitive technology can make use of information technology, but it strives to go beyond mere information processing by recognizing, changing, and creating meaning. This presents us with a two-sided challenge: On the one hand, cognitive technology is challenged to “understand” meaning in ordinary language. And on the other, it challenges us to rethink fundamental questions of human cognition and sense-making. Both challenges demand a better understanding of the difference between the technical transformation of symbols and the understanding of meaning in the ordinary sense. After explaining the topic in relation to both the insights and the limitations of the reflections by Turing, Searle, and Heidegger, this paper primarily builds on Wittgenstein’s contributions to a better understanding of the difference between two conceptions of meaning and their implications for technical replication and simulation. The paper shows that Wittgenstein developed his early calculus account of meaning into that of language games and that language games not only come in many different varieties, but are also much more flexible than calculi. Of particular interest will be the difference between rigid and creative rule-following. Creative rule-following involves an intricate interplay of very different bodily, mental, and cultural constituents, so that its simulation is not merely a technical problem but also requires clarification of a number of profound philosophical questions. It will become clear that the challenge of cognitive technology shows up at unexpected places and that is much bigger than usually assumed. 1 Christoph Durt, Institute of Philosophy, University of Vienna, Austria; christoph@durt.de/www.durt.de","PeriodicalId":123735,"journal":{"name":"Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129894334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wittgenstein and Philosophy of Technology: Introduction","authors":"Mark Coeckelbergh, Michael Funk, Stefan Koller","doi":"10.5840/techne201822385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/techne201822385","url":null,"abstract":"Mark Coeckelbergh, Philosophy of Media and Technology, University of Vienna, Universitätsstraße 7, A-1010 Wien, Austria; mark.coeckelbergh@univie.ac.at. Michael Funk, Philosophy of Media and Technology, University of Vienna, Universitätsstraße 7, A-1010 Wien, Austria; funkmichael@posteo.de. Stefan Koller, School of Law, The University of Texas at Austin, 727 E Dean Keeton St, Austin, TX 78705, U.S.A. Wittgenstein and Philosophy of Technology: Introduction","PeriodicalId":123735,"journal":{"name":"Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125718948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Artifacts as Rules: Wittgenstein and the Sociology of Technology","authors":"M. Young","doi":"10.5840/TECHNE2018121789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/TECHNE2018121789","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":123735,"journal":{"name":"Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129894010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wittgensteinian Humanism, Democracy, and Technocracy","authors":"Eric B. Litwack","doi":"10.5840/TECHNE2018111486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/TECHNE2018111486","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":123735,"journal":{"name":"Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123927160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Repeatability and Methodical Actions in Uncertain Situations: Wittgenstein’s Philosophy of Technology and Language","authors":"Michael Funk","doi":"10.5840/TECHNE201812388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/TECHNE201812388","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":123735,"journal":{"name":"Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128751102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Artefacts as Social Things: Design-Based Approach to Normativity","authors":"M. Piekarski, Witold M. Wachowski","doi":"10.5840/TECHNE2018121990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/TECHNE2018121990","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":123735,"journal":{"name":"Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology","volume":"2009 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129088499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Feeling for the Work as a Limited Whole: Wittgenstein on the Problems of Philosophy and the Problem of Technology","authors":"A. Nordmann","doi":"10.5840/techne201812387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/techne201812387","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":123735,"journal":{"name":"Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology","volume":"51 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116831107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wisdom Practices for Living with Technology: Review of The Ethics of Ordinary Technology, by Michel Puech","authors":"Richard S. Lewis","doi":"10.5840/TECHNE201822278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/TECHNE201822278","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":123735,"journal":{"name":"Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology","volume":"363 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126698093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}