Food Processing: Techniques and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Raw Cured Poultry Meat Fortified with Bee Pollen: Biomedical Research on Laboratory Animals","authors":"Maksim Sukhov, Tatiana Giro, Sergey Kozlov, Irina Ziruk","doi":"10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2476","url":null,"abstract":"Natural food additives can fortify meat products. Bee pollen, also known as beebread or ambrosia, contains amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, enzymes, etc. As a result, it possesses numerous therapeutic and prophylactic properties. Bee pollen has good prospects as a fortifying agent for jerky meat, i.e., lean and dehydrated trimmed meat cut into strips. This study tested dry-cured jerky meat fortified with bee pollen on rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced acute toxic hepatitis. The research featured white non-linear laboratory rats. The control group obtained a standard diet. The experimental rats were induced with liver hepatitis by administering CCl4. On day 2, the experimental group was divided into three subgroups: experimental group I (standard diet + traditional jerky), experimental group II (standard diet + jerky fortified with bee pollen), and experimental group III (standard diet), which served as positive control. The research involved a MicroCC20Vet analyzer for hematological tests and a StatFax 3300 analyzer with Diacon DS diagnostic systems for biochemical tests. The histological analyses relied on the method developed by G.A. Merkulov. The hematological parameters demonstrated no changes. As for the biochemistry, experimental groups I and II developed a protein content increase. On day 14, the concentration of protein and its fractions in experimental group II reached the level of intact animals. In experimental groups II and III, the total protein was significantly higher due to the globulin fraction as a result of inflammatory and destructive processes in the liver. However, the rats had normal live weight gain, and their liver demonstrated no histological deviations. In this preclinical study, bee pollen as part of jerky meat formulation had no negative effect on laboratory rats. Bee pollen also proved its antioxidant properties.","PeriodicalId":12335,"journal":{"name":"Food Processing: Techniques and Technology","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139140445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inorganic Acid Anions in Distilled Alcoholic Beverages: Capillary Electrophoresis with Conductometric Detection","authors":"Natalia V. Shelekhova, Irina Abramova, Tamara Shelekhova","doi":"10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2479","url":null,"abstract":"Distilled alcoholic drinks are popular all over the world. Monitoring the quality and safety of such drinks requires modern instrumental methods. Chemical composition of alcoholic beverages has become focus of numerous experimental and theoretical publications. However, this area remains understudied. This research provided an experimental confirmation of the capillary electrophoresis as a prospective method for determining anions in alcoholic beverages. The study involved model solutions and 30 samples of distilled alcoholic beverages purchased by random sampling from a retail chain. The chemical analysis relied on a PrinCE 560 capillary electrophoresis system equipped with a conductometric detector. The study revealed the working parameters for electrophoretic analysis that provided a selective qualitative and quantitative test of five target analytes in 9 min. The optimal composition of the buffer solution and the optimal electrolyte ratios were 30 mmol/dm3 L-Histidine and 30 mmol/dm3 2-(N-Morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid Monohydrate. The correlation between the peak area and the mass concentration was at 0.1–10 mg/dm3 for the target analytes. The approach proved effective in determining chloride, nitrate, sulfate, fluoride, and phosphate ions in whiskey, rum, tequila, moonshine, grain, and rum distillates. The study also included a comparative analysis of the qualitative and quantitative anion profiles in whiskey samples from different countries. All the samples contained 0.22–52.74 mg/dm3 chlorides, 0.60–0.06 mg/dm3 nitrates, 0.25–17.59 mg/dm3 sulfates, and 0.75–12.70 mg/dm3 phosphates. Research prospects include a metrologically certified method to identify the anion composition of organic and inorganic acids in distilled alcoholic beverages.","PeriodicalId":12335,"journal":{"name":"Food Processing: Techniques and Technology","volume":" 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139141470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approaches to Developing New Complex Meat Products with Preset Qualitiy","authors":"A. Miroshnik, I. Gorlov, M. Slozhenkina","doi":"10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2471","url":null,"abstract":"A profitable meat-processing business relies on the rational use of its resources, which, in its turn, depends on the constant improvement of product formulations and development of new ones. These operations involve advanced analytical methods and complex approaches. The article introduces a review of modern technical solutions, methods, and approaches to modeling new complex meat products with preset quality indicators. The review (1990–2022) involved research articles published in high-rated peer-reviewed research journals, educational literature, digital theses published by Russian Dissertation Councils, and patents registered by the Institute of Industrial Property. The synchronic and diachronic analysis of basic principles of food product design and parametric modeling revealed no universal methodology for meat products development, both in terms of goals and applicability to different meat products types. Forecasting of finished meat products quality indicators requires relevant and accurate information, which is highly variable and fast-changing. Unfortunately, advanced information technologies are slow to adapt to the urgent tasks of the food industry. As a result, the current methods for developing new complex meat product formulations are useless when meat producers have no access to relevant and self-updating databases on raw m aterials properties.","PeriodicalId":12335,"journal":{"name":"Food Processing: Techniques and Technology","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139137226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure and Multicomponent Sucrose Solutions","authors":"Vyacheslav Tuzhilkin, S.M. Petrov, Nadezda Podgornova","doi":"10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2474","url":null,"abstract":"To select an optimal mode of evaporation and crystallization, sugar producers need comprehensive databases of chemical and thermodynamic properties of sucrose solutions. This article introduces refined experimental estimates of the chemical and thermodynamic properties of pure and technical multicomponent sucrose solutions. The study involved a modernized ebulliometer with two circulation tubes that measured the true boiling points of concentrated and supersaturated homogeneous solutions, as well as heterogeneous crystallizing systems. The boiling points of pure and multicomponent sucrose solutions were observed for the following variables: 5–93% dry solids, 60–100% purity, 20–100 kPa. In this study, the sucrose solutions did not obey Raoult’s laws for ideal mixtures, while the Ramsay-Young’s equation and Dühring’s rule were approximate. The thermodynamic properties of these solutions fit in the Lewis theory of activity. The study yielded a new thermodynamic equation for the boiling point in pure and technical multicomponent sucrose solutions. The authors revealed the correlation between the constants of Ramsay-Young and Dühring and the concentration and supersaturation of sucrose solutions, as well as the change in the entropy of these solutions. The error of estimate was 2–3%. The supersaturation coefficient was measured by the ratio of the boiling points of the solution and water. The authors used differential and relative ebulliometric criteria to develop some practical methods for monitoring and controlling the process of isobaric evaporative crystallization. The new method can improve the commercial mass sucrose crystallization from boiling solutions.","PeriodicalId":12335,"journal":{"name":"Food Processing: Techniques and Technology","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139138595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Probiotic Evaluation of Yeasts from Coconut and Raffia Juices","authors":"E. O. Irokanulo, Queen-Esther M. Yadung, Dolapo E. Orotayo, C. Nwonuma, Oreoluwa S. Alonge","doi":"10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2467","url":null,"abstract":"Eukaryotic probiotics currently attract a lot of scientific attention, with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces boulardii being the most widely investigated probiotic yeasts. The range of yeast species with probiotic potential needs to be broadened. In this respect, juice-providing plants may diversify eukaryoti c probiotic sources for organism preference. This study tested the probiotic potential of Pichia kudriavzevii and Kluyveromyces marxianus isolated from coconut juice and Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Wickherhamomyces anomalus isolated from raffia palm juice in Nigeria. The in vitro tests used the optical density method to assay the tolerance to acid (pH 2, 3, 5), alkaline (pH 7.5, 8.0), gastric juice (30%), bile (1, 2, and 3%), and osmotic pressure (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% gluco se solution). All four yeasts survived in the test environments, exhibiting varying degrees of probiotic potential. After 96 h in simulated gastric juice, S. pombe outperformed K. marxianus and W. anomalus by 13 and 97.7% (p < 0.05), respectively. W. anomalus appeared to be the least viable in 30% gastric juice. After 96 h in the acid media, all yeasts performed better at pH 3.0 than at pH 2.0, with roughly 89% (1.695/0.185 mean absorbance values) greater growth in pH 3.0 than in pH 2.0. The alkaline media had a better effect on the growth rate. P. kudriavzevii fared best at pH 2.0 and 3.0 for up to 96 h. All yeasts maintained viability in 1, 2, and 3% bile solutions, although the growth rate did not improve significantly in any of the assay periods. Only minimal growth increase was registered in increased bile concentrations. All samples demonstrated sustained viability in 5–30% glucose between 24 and 48 h of incubation. After 48 h of incubation, the yeast concentrations began to fall as the glucose concentration rose from 5 to 30%. P. kudriavzevii was the least affected after 96 h (41.8%) and demonstrated the best survival results by the four criteria tested in this study. If this species meets all other non-assayed parameters which qualify a microorganism as a probiotic, P. kudriavzevii obtained from Nigerian coconut juice can be recommended as a potential s ource of commercial probiotics.","PeriodicalId":12335,"journal":{"name":"Food Processing: Techniques and Technology","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139138789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chlorogenic Acid and Biohanin A from Trifolium pratense L. Callus Culture Extract: Functional Activity In Vivo","authors":"I. Milentyeva, A. Vesnina, A. Fedorova, Elena Ostapova, T. Larichev","doi":"10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2475","url":null,"abstract":"Polyphenols are potential neuroprotectors that increase lifespan and slow down aging. Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a promising source of biologically active substances. Its extracts contain biochanin A and chlorogenic acid. This research used Caenorhabditis elegans to study the effect of polyphenols extracted from red clover callus cultures on SOD-3 and HSP-16.2 genes, as well as their anti-amyloid potential. The chlorogenic acid and biochanin A (200, 100, 50, and 10 µM) with a purity of 95% were isolated from callus extracts of T. pratense L. The effect of polyphenols on SOD-3 and HSP-16.2 was assessed after 5 and 2 h of heat stress (35°C), respectively, using C. elegans N2 Bristol as model organism. The neuroprotective potential was measured by counting paralyzed nematodes after 18, 40, and 62 h of incubation. The research established a dose-dependent effect between the concentration of biologically active substances and the percentage of paralyzed nematodes after 18 h of cultivation. The lowest paralysis phenotype count occurred at a concentration of 200 μM. The activity of 200 μM biochnin A was 1.18 times as high as that of a 200 μM chlorogenic acid solution. Biochanin A solutions increased SOD-3 expression by 3.7 times, compared to the control. The biologically active substances exhibited relative neuroprotective activity and affected the expression of antioxidant defense gene in C. elegans.","PeriodicalId":12335,"journal":{"name":"Food Processing: Techniques and Technology","volume":" 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139139825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical Sensors Based on Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes in Voltammetric Ascorbic Acid Tests","authors":"Natalia V Ivanova, Elizaveta Martynova, A. Vershinina, Maksim Lomakin, Galina Eremeeva, Olesya Gordaya, Sergey Shandakov","doi":"10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2482","url":null,"abstract":"Modern highly sensitive and selective sensors are able to determine biologically active substances, which makes this direction one of the most popular areas of analytical chemistry. The study featured the electrochemical properties of new fiber materials based on single-wall carbon nanotubes with prospects of using them in the voltammetry of ascorbic acid. The authors developed a new technology to synthesize films from disordered single-wall carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition. Fibers were produced from a solvent by wet-pulling of single-wall carbon nanotubes networks. Thin films of randomly oriented single-wall carbon nanotube bundles were deposited downstream of a floating aerosol CVD reactor, which included a high temperature furnace with a quartz tube. The synthesis of the single-wall carbon nanotube samples was performed at 825°C. Ethanol served as carbon source while ferrocene was used as catalyst precursor. The single-wall carbon nanotubes were collected on a nitrocellulose filter in the form of films with transmittances of 10% in the middle of the visible wavelength (550 nm). The method was optimized to involve air annealing at 300–320°C and a treatment with strong inorganic acids, i.e., HCl, HNO3 + H2SO4. The voltammetric curves recording included background electrolyte, scan rate, and preconditioning. These parameters were selected experimentally to obtain the maximal sensor response to ascorbic acid content. The anodic peak of ascorbic acid in the phosphate buffer electrolyte (pH 6.86) was observed at a potential of +0.2 V. The current and peak area of ascorbic acid oxidation depended neither on the time nor on the conditioning potential of the sensor. The linear dependences of these parameters on the concentration of ascorbic acid stayed within 50–500 μmol/L (8.8–90 mg/L) at a scan rate of 0.1 mV/s. The single-wall carbon nanotube microsensor had a length of 0.5 cm and an average width of 400 μm. Its sensitivity was two times as high as that of a disk glassy carbon electrode with a diameter of 5 mm. The experimental sensors proved effective in determining ascorbic acid in food products, pharmaceuticals, and biological fluids.","PeriodicalId":12335,"journal":{"name":"Food Processing: Techniques and Technology","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139140783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultivating Limnospira fusiformis from Lake Solenoye, Omsk","authors":"Elena Moliboga, Olga Bazhenova","doi":"10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2469","url":null,"abstract":"Global food shortages make it necessary to look for alternative renewable bioresources. In the south of Western Siberia, the filamentous cyanoprokaryote Limnospira fusiformis triggers seasonal algae bloom in hypergaline alkaline Lake Solenoye. The species has valuable nutritional properties, and its phytomass is a potential source of proteins and biologically active substances. The O9.13F strain of L. fusiformis has a good potential as a bioadditive in animal feeding. The article offers a technology for cultivating O9.13F of L. fusiformis, isolated from Lake Solenoye. The research objectives were to establish the optimal cultivation conditions, medium, and periodicity. The study featured strain O9.13F of filamentous cyanoprokaryote L. fusiformis. The micropipette method made it possible to isolate pure culture from water samples taken from Lake Solenoye, Omsk, Russia, at the end of algae bloom. The cultivation involved a UT-6070 climatic chamber under uniform illumination with light intensity 10–30 μmol photons/m2s and 12-h light-dark circle at 20 ± 2°C on various media: natural habitat – water from the Solenoye Lake; mineral medium – liquid Zarrouk’s medium; agarized Zarrouk’s medium; composite variants, where the ratio of mineral medium vs. water varied from 1:9 to 9:1. Lake water inhibited the culture growth: the trichomes died and sank on day 10–15. Zarrouk’s agarized medium stopped the culture growth as early as on day 2. The most intensive growth and development of the culture was observed in the samples with Zarrouk’s mineral liquid medium and a composite mix of Zarrouk’s medium and sterilized water at a ratio of 5:5. Without stirring, full-fledged trichomes had no time to develop, and the increase in phytomass volume slowed down. O9.13F showed the highest rate of phytomass growth at a cultivation temperature of 20 ± 2°C and a light intensity of 10–30 μmol photons/m2s. The recommended light-dark circle was12:12 h. Zarrouk’s mineral liquid medium and a composite medium of Zarrouk’s medium and sterilized water proved to be optimal in a UT-6070 environmental chamber. Europolitext KV-06 or mechanical mixing could prevent sedimentation of phosphates after 20 days of cultivation. The optimal recultivation frequency was once every 5–7 days. The new cultivation technology made it possible to obtain a significant volume of L. fusiformis phytomass in a short time and with low financial expenses.","PeriodicalId":12335,"journal":{"name":"Food Processing: Techniques and Technology","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139140867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Methodological Approach to Determining Lipids in Clams","authors":"Alexandra Borodina, Yurii Veliaev, Alexander Osokin","doi":"10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2464","url":null,"abstract":"Marine bivalves are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Cerastoderma glaucum is a potentially commercial sea cockle that inhabits the Mediterranean and the Black Seas. This bivalve mollusk contains omega-3, omega-6, and omega-9 fatty acids. However, its lipid composition remains understudied. When determining total lipids, their classes, and fatty acid composition, standard methods often have to be adapted to the object in hand and tools available. The research objective was to develop a complex lipid analysis method for aquatic organisms. The study featured total soft tissues of C. glaucum harvested from the pseudolittoral zone on the sand and silt soil of the Sevastopol coast of the Black Sea. The chromatographic methods made it possible to identify total lipids and classify them into phospholipids, monoglycerides, diglycerides, sterols, and triacylglycerols. The subsequent densimetric determination involved a flatbed scanner and the TLC Manager 4.0.2.3D software. The fatty acid composition for total lipids was studied using the chromatography-mass spectrometric method. The existing methods in lipidology were adapted for determining total lipids, their classes, and the fatty acid composition of total lipids in C. glaucum. The article introduces a detailed description of the method for determining total lipids, as well as of how to prepare equipment and reagents to classify common lipids using multidimensional thin layer chromatography. It also contains an authentic scheme of chromatographic baths for stepwise separation, densitometric measurements, and examples of fatty acid chromatograms and mass spectra. The new sample preparation method for determining fatty acids in total lipids by gas chromatography demonstrated a minimal loss in native structure and proved to be less aggressive than standard methods of sample derivatization. The new method for lipid analysis of clam tissues appeared to be economical, less time-consuming, and reagent-intensive. It can be recommended for small laboratories engaged in bioenergetics or comparative analyzes of aquatic organisms.","PeriodicalId":12335,"journal":{"name":"Food Processing: Techniques and Technology","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139141084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic Resistance of Enterobacteriaceae in Microbiomes Associated with Poultry Farming","authors":"A. Krivonogova, I. Donnik, A. Isaeva, E. Loginov, M. Petropavlovskiy, E. Bespamyatnykh","doi":"10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2472","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotics have long been overused for non-therapeutic purposes. As a result, Escherichia, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, and Proteus in avian microbiomes have become reservoirs for genetic determinants of resistance, thus spreading resistance to antibiotics and contaminating raw materials and finished products. The food industry is looking for alternative means to preserve health and maintain high productivity of commercial poultry, e.g., probiotics, phytobiotics, organic acids, etc. The research featured the effect of antibiotics and phytobiotics on enteropathogenic bacteria in the microbiomes of broiler chicken. Escherichia coli bacteria were cultivated in vitro in subthreshold concentrations on nutrient media with antibiotics for 37 days to study the effect of low doses of antibiotics on the sensitivity of isolates. The study involved microbiocenoses of broiler chicken that received avilamycin A and a phytobiotic based on Brassica juncea, Linum usitatissimum, and Nigella sativa L. A set of experiments covered the species composition of opportunistic Enterobacteriaceae, the phenotypic sensitivity to antibiotics, and the genetic determinants of resistance, as well as the antimicrobial potential of phytobiotics. E. coli developed no resistance for 37 days when the antibiotic dose remained below minimal inhibitory. Opportunistic gram-negative Enterobacterales predominated in all litter samples. E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis accounted for more than 30% of all isolated strains. Avilamycin A and the phytobiotic affected the coccal microflora but had no effect on the genus-species composition of Enterobacteriaceae. Litter samples from both experimental and control groups demonstrated K. pneumoniae with severe phenotypic resistance to ciprofloxacin, as well as blaDHA genes. In broiler farming, maintenance and circulation of resistance agents depends on litter microbiota. In this research, the chicken that received the phytobiotic showed the lowest level of resistance to ciprofloxacin while the groups that received avilamycin A had the highest resistance results. During a broiler’s life span, bacteria with no active resistance determinants in their genome remained sensitive to antibiotics, even though the contact with the latter was constant. Phytobiotics showed good prospects for broiler farming as food additive that could reduce and eventually eliminate the intake of antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":12335,"journal":{"name":"Food Processing: Techniques and Technology","volume":" 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139141751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}