Annals of African Medical Research最新文献_第5页

A critical appraisal on migration of health workers from developing to developed countries 对卫生工作者从发展中国家向发达国家移徙的批判性评价

Annals of African Medical Research Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI: 10.4081/AAMR.2018.12

M. Aminu, L. Dattijo

引用次数: 1

Postural instability in Parkinson's patients 帕金森病患者的体位不稳定

Annals of African Medical Research Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI: 10.4081/AAMR.2018.26

A. Habibi, Sogand Arab, F. Sina, Saeed Razmeh

{"title":"Postural instability in Parkinson's patients","authors":"A. Habibi, Sogand Arab, F. Sina, Saeed Razmeh","doi":"10.4081/AAMR.2018.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/AAMR.2018.26","url":null,"abstract":"Postural instability is a major cause of disability in patients with Parkinson’s disease and therefore increases their dependence on other people and decreases the quality of life in these patients. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Postural instability and its onset in patients with Parkinson’s disease. We evaluated 250 Parkinson’s patients who referred to the movement disorder Clinic during 2016. All patient information, including gender, age, onset time of symptoms, as well as the time interval between symptoms start to postural instability were recorded. A total of 41 patients (16.4%) had a Postural instability, there was no significant difference between the two groups with and without instability in the distribution of sex and mean age. The mean age for the onset of symptoms in men and women was 54±11/3 and 50/6±12.2 respectively Which was significantly lower in women than in men (P value: 0.026). Also, the mean time between the onset of symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and the onset of motor instability was 5.2±4.9. This time was 8.2±4.5 in men and 11.5±5.7 in women which is significantly shorter in men than women (P value: 0.047). In our society, 16.4% of patients with Parkinson’s disease have a motor instability .this outbreak is independent of the variables of gender and age of the patients. According to our study, although women tend to experience signs of Parkinson’s disease earlier than men, the time interval between the onset of the disease manifestation and the onset of postural instability in males was shorter than that of women.","PeriodicalId":123248,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medical Research","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126527446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hepatic effect of the sub-chronic exposure to mosquito coil smoke in albino mice 亚慢性暴露于蚊香烟雾对白化小鼠肝脏的影响

Annals of African Medical Research Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI: 10.4081/AAMR.2018.23

M. Paul, Rabiu M. Magaji

{"title":"Hepatic effect of the sub-chronic exposure to mosquito coil smoke in albino mice","authors":"M. Paul, Rabiu M. Magaji","doi":"10.4081/AAMR.2018.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/AAMR.2018.23","url":null,"abstract":"The hepatic effect of chronic inhalation of mosquito coil smoke in mice was investigated. Mosquito coil smoke is mosquito repellent incense made from dried pyrethrum powder. It is widely used in Africa, Asia and South America. Exposure to mosquito coil smoke may lead to coughing, sneezing, and inflammation of trachea, renal damage, weight loss, headache, itching and skin reaction. It decreases the protein biosynthetic activity of the liver. This could affect capacity of serum protein-mediated transport of various substances. Goldeer mosquito coil containing 0.03% Transfluthrin, manufactured in Kano, Nigeria and purchased in Zaria was used for this experiment. Twenty-four (24) male mice (20-40 g), were divided into four groups of six mice each and exposed for six weeks to mosquito coil smoke for 1, 2 and 3 hours in an inhalation chamber. The animals were humanely sacrificed and the their blood samples collected and analysed for the enzymes, Aspartate amino transferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) as markers of Hepatic function. Also, their brain tissues were collected, homogenized and centrifuged and the supernatants assayed for oxidative stress biomarker, malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT). Data were analysed using one way ANOVA and expressed as Mean±SEM with value of P<0.05 considered statistically significant. The result showed that the mosquito coil smoke exposure in mice does not cause any significant change in liver enzymes, MDA and SOD. However, there were significant increases in CAT activity (43.83±1.85) and (41.67±1.36) as compared to control (38.50±1.00).","PeriodicalId":123248,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medical Research","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126935726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Recurrent acute urinary retention following a female genital mutilation in an 11-year-old-girl 11岁女孩女性生殖器切割后复发性急性尿潴留

Annals of African Medical Research Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI: 10.4081/AAMR.2018.8

M. Salihu, S. Yusuf, Aliyu D. Labaran

{"title":"Recurrent acute urinary retention following a female genital mutilation in an 11-year-old-girl","authors":"M. Salihu, S. Yusuf, Aliyu D. Labaran","doi":"10.4081/AAMR.2018.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/AAMR.2018.8","url":null,"abstract":"Acute urinary retention is a urological emergency presenting with a sudden inability to pass urine due to mechanical or functional reason characterized by suprapubic pain and distension requiring urgent bladder drainage. Acute urinary retention is ten times more common in males than females. Female genital mutilation comprises all surgical procedures involving partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or other injuries to the female genital organ for cultural and other non-therapeutic reasons. We present an 11 year old girl who was referred from a primary health centre with recurrent history of acute urinary retention following a female genital mutilation done 5 days prior to presentation, she was said to have been having suprapubic tapping of the urine to relive her of the retention as the health providers were unable to identify the urethral orifice for catheterization. On examination; she was in painful distress with complain of suprapubic pain and urge to pass urine, there is tender suprapubic distention, the left upper labia majora, minora and clitoris were severed, the urethral meatus distorted. Examination under anaesthesia with suprapubic cystostomy and urethral catheterisation was done and the patient was placed on sitz bath and genital toileting. We report a case of acute urinary retention in an 11 year old girl following a female genital mutilation five days earlier.","PeriodicalId":123248,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medical Research","volume":"209 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123020480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sero-prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection among patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis in a teaching hospital in Bauchi, North-Eastern Nigeria 尼日利亚东北部包奇一家教学医院新诊断肺结核患者中人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的血清流行率

Annals of African Medical Research Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI: 10.4081/AAMR.2018.28

S. Gwalabe, J. Dunga, Y. Bara, A. Muhammad, M. S. Umar, Sule J. Bathna

{"title":"Sero-prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection among patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis in a teaching hospital in Bauchi, North-Eastern Nigeria","authors":"S. Gwalabe, J. Dunga, Y. Bara, A. Muhammad, M. S. Umar, Sule J. Bathna","doi":"10.4081/AAMR.2018.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/AAMR.2018.28","url":null,"abstract":"About a third of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive population worldwide is co-infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, data are lacking about the prevalence of HIV among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in a teaching hospital in Bauchi, northeast Nigeria. The aim of this study is to determine the sero-prevalence of HIV among patients with sputum smear positive PTB at Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital (ATBUTH), Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria. This is a retrospective study review of patients’ medical records diagnosed with sputum smear positive PTB that attended and received treatment at directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) clinic of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital (ATBUTH), Bauchi, Bauchi State, North-Eastern Nigeria from January, 2015- December, 2017. All the patients were newly diagnosed with sputum smear positive PTB using ZN stain testing of their sputum and screened for HIV antibodies. There were 155 patients studied comprising of 95 (61.29%) males and 60 (38.71%) females. One hundred and twenty (77.42%) patients were seronegative and 35 (22.58%) sero-positive for HIV. Most of the patients were within the ages of 15-54 years with mean age of 34.63±15.55. The sero-prevalence of HIV infection among the patients is 22.58%. Sero-prevalence of HIV is observed to be high among young and married patients with secondary level of education. The sero-prevalence of HIV infection among the patients is relatively lower than those reported in most parts of Nigeria and the sub-Saharan Africa, hence there is still need for continued screening of HIV antibodies among patients with PTB so as to reduce the morbidity and mortality that may result from the coinfection.","PeriodicalId":123248,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medical Research","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131579125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0