Haozhong Wang, Changming Xiao, Kaiquan Zhang, Mingzhong Xie, Sen Li
{"title":"Clinical risk factors associated with cage migration after posterior approaches for lumbar interbody fusion: a 10-year systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Haozhong Wang, Changming Xiao, Kaiquan Zhang, Mingzhong Xie, Sen Li","doi":"10.1007/s00586-025-09109-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-025-09109-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cage migration (CR) after lumbar interbody fusion may result in intractable complications to patients. This meta-analysis was aimed to figure out risk factors of cage migration after posterior approaches for lumbar interbody fusion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature was searched in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library between Feb 2013 to Feb 2023. PRISMA guidelines were followed in this review. The keywords used in the search included: cage, retropulsion, migration, lumbar interbody fusion, spinal fusion. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of a potential risk factor was calculated via RevMan5.4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>8 studies were finally included in this meta-analysis. 10 risk factors were assessed and the outcome showed that Screw loosening (OR 12.98, 95% CI 4.63 to 36.36, P < 0.01), endplate injury (OR 10.14, 95% CI 5.20 to 19.79, P < 0.01) and pear-shaped disc (OR 4.03, 95% CI 1.41 to 11.55, P < 0.01) were associated with cage migration, and poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) cage (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.96, P = 0.04) could reduce risk of cage migration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Screw loosening, endplate injury and pear-shaped disc increased risk of CM after posterior approaches for lumbar interbody fusion, and PEEK cage probably reduce risk of postoperative cage migration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12323,"journal":{"name":"European Spine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Answer to the letter to the editor of M. Ashouri, et al. concerning \"Risk factors for mortality after 3-column osteotomy\" by Carbone J, et al. (Eur spine J [2024]: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-024-08616-9).","authors":"Julio J Jauregui, Hershil Patel, Steven C Ludwig","doi":"10.1007/s00586-025-09103-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-025-09103-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12323,"journal":{"name":"European Spine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Answer to the letter to the editor of Q. Hao, et al. concerning \"Identifying predictors of brace treatment outcomes for adolescents or adults with idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review\" by khodaei, et al. (Eur spine J [2025]: doi: 10.1007/s00586-025-08736-w).","authors":"Eric Parent, Mahdieh Khodaei, Edmond Lou","doi":"10.1007/s00586-025-09119-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-025-09119-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12323,"journal":{"name":"European Spine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Audrey Y Su, Ashley Knebel, Andrew Y Xu, Marco Kaper, Phillip Schmitt, Joseph E Nassar, Manjot Singh, Michael J Farias, Jinho Kim, Bassel G Diebo, Alan H Daniels
{"title":"Evaluation of retrieval-augmented generation and large language models in clinical guidelines for degenerative spine conditions.","authors":"Audrey Y Su, Ashley Knebel, Andrew Y Xu, Marco Kaper, Phillip Schmitt, Joseph E Nassar, Manjot Singh, Michael J Farias, Jinho Kim, Bassel G Diebo, Alan H Daniels","doi":"10.1007/s00586-025-08994-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-025-08994-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Degenerative spinal diseases often require complex, patient-specific treatment, presenting a compelling challenge for artificial intelligence (AI) integration into clinical practice. While existing literature has focused on ChatGPT-4o performance in individual spine conditions, this study compares ChatGPT-4o, a traditional large language model (LLM), against NotebookLM, a novel retrieval-augmented model (RAG-LLM) supplemented with North American Spine Society (NASS) guidelines, for concordance with all five published NASS guidelines for degenerative spinal diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 118 questions from NASS guidelines regarding five degenerative spinal conditions were presented to ChatGPT-4o and NotebookLM. All responses were scored based on accuracy, evidence-based conclusions, supplementary and complete information.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, NotebookLM provided significantly more accurate responses (98.3% vs. 40.7%, p < 0.05), more evidence-based conclusions (99.1% vs. 40.7%, p < 0.05), and more complete information (94.1% vs. 79.7%, p < 0.05), while ChatGPT-4o provided more supplementary information (98.3% vs. 67.8%, p < 0.05). These discrepancies became most prominent in nonsurgical and surgical interventions, wherein ChatGPT often produced recommendations with unsubstantiated certainty.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While RAG-LLMs are a promising tool for clinical decision-making assistance and show significant improvement from prior models, physicians should remain cautious when integrating AI into patient care, especially in the context of nuanced medical scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":12323,"journal":{"name":"European Spine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Letter to the editor concerning \"Machine learning-based models for outcome prediction in skull base and spinal chordomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis\" by B. Hajikarimloo, et al. (Eur spine J [2025]: doi: 10.1007/s00586-025-09053-y).","authors":"Tiantaixi Tu","doi":"10.1007/s00586-025-09115-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-025-09115-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12323,"journal":{"name":"European Spine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lea Klara Zimmermann, Christian Hülstrunk, Benjamin Schmitt, Gaby Baron, Rebecca Roth, Axel Hennes, Peter Raab, Omar Zabar
{"title":"Correction: Comparison of two ultrasound methods from Scolioscan® for measuring spinal curvature: spinous processes (SP) versus transverse processes (TP).","authors":"Lea Klara Zimmermann, Christian Hülstrunk, Benjamin Schmitt, Gaby Baron, Rebecca Roth, Axel Hennes, Peter Raab, Omar Zabar","doi":"10.1007/s00586-025-09105-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-025-09105-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12323,"journal":{"name":"European Spine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Geographic, personal and clinical determinants of brace-wearing time in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis.","authors":"Alessandra Negrini, Sabrina Donzelli, Giulia Rebagliati, Giulia Fregna, Michele Romano, Fabio Zaina, Stefano Negrini","doi":"10.1007/s00586-025-09086-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-025-09086-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Adherence to brace treatment is crucial for its effectiveness in AIS. The study aimed to verify the impact of geographic, personal and clinical variables on adherence to brace wear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Design: retrospective cross-sectional study of consecutively collected participants at a tertiary referral institute.</p><p><strong>Inclusion criteria: </strong>AIS, one-year of follow-up after bracing, and use of a thermal sensor. The outcome was adherence and tested predictors were age, gender, ATR, TRACE, Cobb, curve type, Risser, and back pain at baseline, brace type and prescription time, income, living in the North, Centre, or South of Italy, city of residence size, distance from the sea, and height above sea level. The chi 2 test was used to investigate the association between the categories and adherence. The logistic regression model tested the predictors. STATA 17.0 MP was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 1904 adolescents, age 13.8 ± 1.6 (1597 females), worse scoliosis curve 35 ± 11° Cobb. The prevalence of good compliers, with more than 75% of the prescribed dosage, was 90.8%. Factors associated with higher adherence were living in the North of Italy (p = 0.003), prescription > 20 h per day (p = 0.008), female gender (p = 0.008), younger age and lower Risser sign (age 10 to 13: p = 0.000; Risser 0-1: p = 0.013). The regression model explained 4% of the variability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Living in the North of Italy, longer hours of brace prescription, female gender, younger age, and lower Risser sign increased adherence to brace wear. Nevertheless, there are other unknown factors that contribute to the explanation of adherence in this highly compliant population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12323,"journal":{"name":"European Spine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sabrina I Sinopoli, Sarah K W Au, Stephanie J DeWitte-Orr, Diane E Gregory
{"title":"The influence of decorin, a potential pro-inflammatory stimulant, on the mechanical properties of the annulus fibrosus.","authors":"Sabrina I Sinopoli, Sarah K W Au, Stephanie J DeWitte-Orr, Diane E Gregory","doi":"10.1007/s00586-025-09110-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-025-09110-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Structural disruption of the intervertebral disc can result in fragmentation of extracellular matrix components such as decorin, which has the capacity to mount an inflammatory response. However, it is unknown if decorin also alters the biomechanical properties of the intervertebral disc, and specifically the annulus fibrosus. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of decorin to stimulate a pro-inflammatory environment and alter the mechanical integrity and tensile properties of a rat tail annulus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty annulus fibrosus rings were dissected from 15 rat tails and randomized into three culture conditions: (i) control; (ii) 0.5 µg/mL bovine decorin (low dose); (iii) 5 µg/mL bovine decorin (high dose). Samples were cultured for 6 days then tested via a tensile mechanical testing system. IL-6 and MIP-2 concentration in the culture media were quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays at day 6.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IL-6 and MIP-2 were present in the media after six days of culture but did not differ between conditions. Decorin did, however, impact a number of tensile properties of the annulus. Specifically, the high dose of decorin resulted in greater toe region strain (p < 0.001) and greater failure strain (p < 0.001) as well as greater initial failure stress (p = 0.024) and maximum stress (p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The observed increase in annulus strength may be a result of reorganization of the load-bearing collagen fibres while the increased strain may be due to degradation of other matrix proteins. Future work is necessary to further elucidate the complex relationship between decorin exposure and altered tissue mechanics.</p>","PeriodicalId":12323,"journal":{"name":"European Spine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi Rong, Hao Yu, Zhen Hua, Jian-Feng Chen, Jian-Wei Wang
{"title":"Prediction model of recurrence in patients with lumbar disc herniation after unilateral biportal endoscopy spinal surgery- XGBoost machine learning model can be interpreted based on SHAP.","authors":"Yi Rong, Hao Yu, Zhen Hua, Jian-Feng Chen, Jian-Wei Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00586-025-09032-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-025-09032-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12323,"journal":{"name":"European Spine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}