Food Additives & Contaminants最新文献_第7页

Structural characterization of metabolites after the microbial degradation of type A trichothecenes by the bacterial strain BBSH 797 菌株BBSH 797微生物降解A型毛霉烯后代谢产物的结构表征

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030110091154

E. Fuchs, E. Binder, D. Heidler, R. Krska

{"title":"Structural characterization of metabolites after the microbial degradation of type A trichothecenes by the bacterial strain BBSH 797","authors":"E. Fuchs, E. Binder, D. Heidler, R. Krska","doi":"10.1080/02652030110091154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030110091154","url":null,"abstract":"Contamination of feed with trichothecenes, a group of Fusarium mycotoxins, leads to losses in performance due to their immunosupressive effects and the negative effect on the gastrointestinal system in animal production. A possible way of detoxification is microbial degradation, which was the focus of this study. A bacterial strain — BBSH 797 — which can degrade some mycotoxins of the trichothecene group, has already been isolated. It transforms deoxynivalenol (DON) into its metabolite DOM-1, the non-toxic deepoxide of DON. Analogous to the microbial degradation of DON, the transformation of six different type A trichothecenes was observed. The metabolites appearing were characterized by GC-MS after derivatization with TRI-SIL®TBT. Two metabolites were additionally identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with particle beam interface (LC-PB-MS) with electron impact (EI)-ionization mode. The major finding was that scirpentriol was completely transformed into its non-toxic metabolite deepoxy scirpentriol, while the mycotoxin T-2 triol underwent a more complicated metabolism. According to the study, T-2-triol was degraded into its non-toxic deepoxy form and into T-2 tetraol, which was then further metabolized to deepoxy T-2 tetraol. GC-MS after derivatization with TRI-SIL®TBT was suitable for the structural characterization of trichothecenes and their degradation products. Besides the mass spectra of already known degradation products, spectra of new metabolites could be recorded by LC-PB-MS.","PeriodicalId":12310,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants","volume":"1 1","pages":"379 - 386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81354388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 180

Active and intelligent packaging: applications and regulatory aspects 主动和智能包装:应用和监管方面

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030110072722

N. Kruijf, M. V. Beest, R. Rijk, T. Sipiläinen-Malm, P. P. Losada, B. Meulenaer

{"title":"Active and intelligent packaging: applications and regulatory aspects","authors":"N. Kruijf, M. V. Beest, R. Rijk, T. Sipiläinen-Malm, P. P. Losada, B. Meulenaer","doi":"10.1080/02652030110072722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030110072722","url":null,"abstract":"Changes in the way foods are produced, distributed, stored and retailed, reflecting the continuing increase in consumer demands for improved quality and extended shelf-life for packaged foods, are placing ever-greater demands on the performance of food packaging. Consumers want to be assured that the packaging is fulfilling its function of protecting the integrity, quality, freshness and safety of foods. To provide this assurance and help improve the performance of the packaging, innovative active and intelligent packaging concepts are being developed and applied in various countries. In Europe, however, the development and application of active and intelligent packaging systems have been limited thus far. The main reasons are legislative restrictions and a lack of knowledge about consumer acceptance, the efficacy of such systems, and the economic and environmental impact they may have. Therefore, in 1999, a European study was started within the framework of the EU FAIR R&D programme. It aims to initiate amendments to European legislation for food-contact materials to establish and implement active and intelligent systems within the current relevant regulations for packaged food in Europe. This paper presents an overview of existing active and intelligent systems and their current and future food-related applications. In addition, developments and trends in active and intelligent food packaging are discussed. The objectives and the work programme of the European project are reviewed and the results obtained so far are presented. The benefits for both the European consumer and the European food and food-packaging industries are highlighted.","PeriodicalId":12310,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants","volume":"104 1","pages":"144 - 162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75898396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 210

Integrated approach of migration prediction using numerical modelling associated to experimental determination of key parameters 结合关键参数实验确定的数值模拟偏移预测综合方法

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030110071318

A. Reynier, Patrice Dole, A. Feigenbaum

引用次数: 33

Evaluating the potential for recycling all PET bottles into new food packaging 评估回收所有PET瓶制成新食品包装的可能性

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030110083720

T. Begley, T. Mcneal, J. Biles, K. Paquette

{"title":"Evaluating the potential for recycling all PET bottles into new food packaging","authors":"T. Begley, T. Mcneal, J. Biles, K. Paquette","doi":"10.1080/02652030110083720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030110083720","url":null,"abstract":"To evaluate the feasibility of recycling all PET bottles into food packaging, realistic estimates of the maximum concentration of contaminants that might be expected in the polymer are needed. To estimate the maximum concentration of a contaminant that might be in PET from the storage of non-food substances, sorption experiments into two types of PET were performed. These test materials were 0.8mm thick amorphous PET (a relative sink for contaminants) and commercial PET bottle wall. Using a commercial shampoo containing 1% lindane (C 6 H 6 Cl 6), the test materials were stored in contact with the shampoo at 20 and 40 ° C for 231 days. This commercial shampoo also represents an extreme case because it contains 7% acetone, a solvent which swells PET, further enhancing sorption of chemicals. Additional sorption experiments into PET were performed by preparing solutions of 10% toluene in Miglyol (a fractionated coconut oil), 10% benzophenone in Miglyol, 5% 2-butoxyethoxy ethanol (2-BE) in 50/50 water/ethanol, and 10% methyl stearate in heptane. Sorption data from the shampoo into PET illustrate Fickian behaviour. Specifically, the amount of sorption at room temperature is 40 times less than that at 40 ° C. The amount of lindane sorbed into PET from the shampoo after 231 days was 0.1 and 3.7mg dm -2 at 20 and 40 ° C respectively. These values correspond to 28 and 765mgkg -1 on a mass/mass basis. All sorptions are within the ranges measured and published by other authors using surrogate contamination testing schemes. Additionally, actual bottles from recycle bins were analysed for the amount of contamination. Results are discussed in terms of potential consumer exposure to non-food contaminants in food containers made of recycled PET and in relation to the surrogate testing methods recommended by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for determining the compatibility of a PET recycling process to produce containers suitable for food-contact use.","PeriodicalId":12310,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants","volume":"14 1","pages":"135 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81533942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39

Survey of residual solvents in natural food additives by standard addition head-space GC 标准添加顶空气相色谱法测定天然食品添加剂中溶剂残留量

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030110088301

Y. Uematsu, K. Hirata, K. Suzuki, K. Iida, K. Kamata

引用次数: 11

Programme on the recyclability of food-packaging materials with respect to food safety considerations: polyethylene terephthalate (PET), paper and board, and plastics covered by functional barriers 从食品安全考虑食品包装材料的可回收性方案:聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、纸和纸板以及功能性屏障覆盖的塑料

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030110085395a

Roland Franz

{"title":"Programme on the recyclability of food-packaging materials with respect to food safety considerations: polyethylene terephthalate (PET), paper and board, and plastics covered by functional barriers","authors":"Roland Franz","doi":"10.1080/02652030110085395a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030110085395a","url":null,"abstract":"Stimulated by new ecology-driven European and national regulations, new routes of recycling waste appear on the market. Since food packages represent a large percentage of the plastics consumption and since they have a short lifetime, an important approach consists in making new packages from post-consumer used packages. On the other hand, food-packaging regulations in Europe require that packaging materials must be safe. Therefore, potential mass transfer (migration) of harmful recycling-related substances to the food must be excluded and test methods to ensure the safety-in-use of recycled materials for food packaging are needed. As a consequence of this situation, a European research project FAIR-CT98-4318, with the acronym 'Recyclability', was initiated. The project consists of three sections each focusing on a different class of recycled materials : polyethylene terephthalate (PET), paper and board, and plastics covered by functional barriers. The project consortium consists of 28 project members from 11 EU countries. In addition, the project is during its lifetime in discussion with the US Food and Drug Administrations (FDA) to consider also US FDA regulatory viewpoints and to aim, as a consequence, to harmonizable conclusions and recommendations. The paper introduces the project and presents an overview of the project work progress.","PeriodicalId":12310,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants","volume":"1 1","pages":"110 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90141895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 57

Transfer and distribution profiles of dietary sulphonamides in the tissues of the laying hen 饲粮中磺胺类物质在蛋鸡组织中的转移和分布特征

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030110087465

N. Furusawa, Kunihiro Kishida

引用次数: 11

Food-contact paper and board based on recycled fibres: regulatory aspects--new rules and guidelines 基于回收纤维的与食品接触的纸和纸板:监管方面——新规则和准则

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030110103493

J. Escabasse, D. Ottenio

引用次数: 21

Risk assessment of packaging materials 包装材料的风险评估

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/02652030110102818

I. Munro, J. Hlywka, E. Kennepohl

{"title":"Risk assessment of packaging materials","authors":"I. Munro, J. Hlywka, E. Kennepohl","doi":"10.1080/02652030110102818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030110102818","url":null,"abstract":"Risk assessment of packaging materials provides a unique challenge. Human exposure to packaging materials and/or their components occurs from migration into foods. There are various methods for determining migration into foods. Unlike most food additives, these exposures typically are very small. Because of this, and since complete toxicological data sets are not always available for packaging materials, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has developed a process to make the evaluation of packaging materials more efficient, instead of the extensive review normally required for food additives. This process is used to determine 'when the likelihood or extent of migration to food of a substance used in a foodcontact article is so trivial as not to require regulation of the substance as a food additive'. This trivial level, also known as the threshold of regulation, was based upon a large database of carcinogenic potencies and was determined to be 1.5 μ g/personday -1. This was determined to 'be low enough to ensure that the public health is protected, even in the event that a substance exempted from regulation as a food additive is later found to be a carcinogen'. Substances not having structural alerts, or that are not known carcinogens or potent toxins, based on existing toxicological information, and are below the threshold value, are considered by the FDA to be exempted from regulation as food additives. The threshold of regulation approach used by the FDA provides an excellent model by which to evaluate the majority of packaging materials.","PeriodicalId":12310,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants","volume":"75 1","pages":"12 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86173134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Practical experience in the use of mathematical models to predict migration of additives from food-contact polymers 使用数学模型预测食品接触聚合物添加剂迁移的实践经验

Food Additives & Contaminants Pub Date : 2002-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/10196780110082295

A. O'Brien, I. Cooper

{"title":"Practical experience in the use of mathematical models to predict migration of additives from food-contact polymers","authors":"A. O'Brien, I. Cooper","doi":"10.1080/10196780110082295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10196780110082295","url":null,"abstract":"To reduce the amount of compliance-specific migration testing for food-contact polymers, the use of migration modelling has been evaluated. The paper describes experimental work carried out on a range of plastics and compares measured migrations against predictions obtained using mathematical models. A large number of experimental migration data have been obtained and used to evaluate a Fickian-based migration model in the prediction of specific migration of additives into olive oil. All tests were conducted using olive oil, representing the most severe case for fatty foods with test conditions including 2h at 121 ° C, 6h at 70 ° C, 2h at 70 ° C, 2h at 60 ° C and 10 days at 40 ° C, representing short-term exposures at high temperatures and room temperature storage. Predicted migrations were calculated by inputting the measured initial concentration of additive in the polymers (C p,0) into the equations together with known variables such as additive molecular weight, temperature and exposure time. The results indicate the Piringer migration model, using the 'exact' calculations of the Migratest Lite program, predicted migrations into olive oil that were close to or in excess of the experimental results and gave an overestimation for > 95% of the migrations generated here.","PeriodicalId":12310,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives & Contaminants","volume":"15 1","pages":"63 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81832045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17