Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science最新文献

{"title":"Recarbonation of large dolomite particles for Calcium Looping","authors":"Alexey Kropman,&nbsp;Florian Schulz,&nbsp;Eckehard Specht,&nbsp;Abdulkadir Aliyu Waliyu,&nbsp;Frank Beyrau","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to enhance the energy efficiency of the calcium looping process for CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> capture more energy efficient, a novel pressure-swing process has been developed. This process enables the utilization of the heat of reaction from the exothermic recarbonation for the endothermic calcination. The use of a packed bed allows the regeneration of reaction heat and requires the use of cm-size sorbent particles. On that scale, the recarbonation reaction has hardly been investigated so far. Therefore, recarbonation experiments utilizing a CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> rich reaction gas mixture at atmospheric pressure are carried out in a continuously flushed electrical kiln, which is connected to a thermogravimetric system. Bulk and surface temperature are measured in order to account for limitations through equilibrium and to gain insight into the time-dependent heat transfer in the particle. Burnt natural dolomite is used as sorbent. The reaction rate is found to be a linear function of the conversion, with parameters depending on the kiln temperature as well as the gas velocity and the calcination degree of the sample. This linearity is observed for the entire reaction time and using two very different initial conditions with steady and unsteady boundaries. The results provide insights into the macroscopic dynamics of the recarbonation reaction in terms of temperature and conversion, and can therefore be used for model development and validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12294,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 111392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143134834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of employing supplemental oxygen in the ignition process on the initiation of rotating detonations","authors":"Minghao Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhicheng Wang ,&nbsp;Ke Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To simplify the ignition system, a new method named the spark plug ignition with supplemental oxygen has been proposed and validated in this study. The effects of this new ignition method on the initiation process and propagation characteristics of rotating detonations have been experimentally investigated in a hollow chamber by varying the air mass flow rate, the equivalence ratio, and the mass flow rate of supplemental oxygen. The room temperature air and ethylene are utilized as oxidizer and fuel, respectively. The experimental results indicate that rotating detonation waves can be obtained by adopting this new method under different inflow conditions, and the equivalence ratios for the detonation mode range from 0.51 to 1.15. When the equivalence ratio exceeds 0.5, the operating range and initiation time of rotating detonations achieved with this new method are comparable to those obtained with pre-detonation tube ignition. In contrast to the ordinary spark plug ignition, this new ignition method demonstrates superior performance. In addition, when additional supplemental ethylene is supplied, rotating detonations also can be obtained at the equivalence ratio of lower than 0.5 by using this new method. Moreover, increasing the mass flow rate of the supplemental oxygen is helpful for rapid establishment of rotating detonations and meanwhile, improves the success rate of initiating rotating detonations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12294,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 111389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143134757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study of the nonisothermal gas-liquid two-phase heat transfer characteristics in a rectangular helical channel","authors":"Xianfei Liu ,&nbsp;Wenkang Zhou ,&nbsp;Fang Wang ,&nbsp;Guodong Xia ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Yubo Meng ,&nbsp;Panke Su ,&nbsp;Zijuan Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the nonisothermal two-phase heat transfer in the rectangular helical channel is proposed to effectively reduce the heat transfer losses in the single screw expander. The interphase heat transfer rate and temperature distribution of the nonisothermal gas-liquid two-phase flow in the rectangular helical channel are experimentally investigated under different gas-liquid flow rates, gas phase temperatures, and dimensionless pitch and curvature. The results indicate that increasing <em>Re</em>_l and <em>Re</em>_g will enhance the interphase heat transfer rate, and the effect of <em>Re</em>_l on the heat transfer rate is gradually weakened at a larger <em>Re</em>. A further increase in <em>Re</em>_g obviously increases the interphase heat transfer rate, but it has little influence on the peak temperature and temperature distribution of the gas. The interphase heat transfer rate is much higher for the helical channel with <em>γ</em> = 0.145. A maximum reduction of 28.5 J/s in the interphase heat transfer rate is obtained by decreasing the curvature ratio of the helical channel from 0.145 to 0.129. Furthermore, a maximum reduction of 36.5 J/s in the interphase heat transfer rate is obtained by decreasing the dimensionless pitch of helical channel from 0.9 to 0.5.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12294,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 111393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143134755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on fluid flow and mass transfer of non-Newtonian two-phase Taylor flow in a T-junction microchannel","authors":"Qingyu Li,&nbsp;Juanjuan Qiao,&nbsp;Guichao Wang,&nbsp;Songying Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study systematically investigates the flow characteristics and mass transfer mechanism of liquid–liquid two-phase Taylor flow in microchannel. Deionized water with sodium hydroxide and silicone oil with acetic acid are used as the experimental media. Our findings reveal that symmetric slug flow exhibits the main internal circulation, while secondary circulation occurs in the head and tail as the length increases. However, due to the restriction of radial symmetry circulation, a significant amount of solute remains in the central axis. Moreover, the cap-like structure at the end of the slug flow hinders mass transfer between the liquid film and the continuous phase. We observe that the mass transfer coefficient of the entire channel decreases from about 0.03 1/s to 0.01 1/s with an increase in acetic acid concentration. Conversely, an increase in sodium hydroxide concentration decreases the mass transfer distance and time of the whole channel, thereby increasing the mass transfer coefficient throughout the microchannel. Furthermore, an increase in water viscosity results in a thicker liquid film around the oil phase, leading to secondary circulation and enhanced mass transfer between the liquid film and the main body of the oil phase, the mass transfer coefficient improved from approximately 0.01 1/s to 0.028 1/s. Additionally, changes in water surface tension significantly alter the liquid–liquid two-phase flow pattern in the microchannel at low flow velocities, consequently affecting the mass transfer process, the mass transfer coefficient can reach up to 0.045 1/s. We derive the equation for the mass transfer coefficient in microchannels under the shape of symmetric slug flow through theoretical analysis. Furthermore, we develop semi-empirical prediction models using data fitting methods for flow patterns of the mass transfer process, which are challenging to solve using theoretical models alone. By comparing the computational results with experimental data, we validated our model, achieving an accuracy within 30 %, successfully predicting the mass transfer coefficients under complex two-phase conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12294,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 111391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143134756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic characteristics and mechanism of ions migration and dendrites evolution on the printed circuit board surface","authors":"Fei Jia ,&nbsp;Ming Chen ,&nbsp;Yuchen Xi ,&nbsp;Guoxu Zhang ,&nbsp;Chengpeng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical migration in electronic devices plays a significant role in lifetime and reliability. In this work, dynamic characteristics of ions migration and evolution of dendrites formation and propagation on the printed circuit board surface are studied, and transient current between silver electrodes is measured in situ to determine the mass transfer and short circuit time. The experimental results show that the current response could be divided into three periods: dendrites incubation, formation and propagation. The time of incubation period is in the same order of magnitude as the diffusion time of silver ions between electrodes. A thin layer of precipitates appears earlier at the anode than dendrites at the cathode due to the higher diffusion coefficient of hydroxide ions. Meanwhile, compared to the initial state, the surface height distribution becomes non-uniform and the roughness increases by about nine times, resulting in the high walls near the anode and cathode sides play different roles on ions migration and dendrites propagation. As both the voltage and the space increase, the reduction in electrochemical migration failure time decreases due to the combined effect of a decrease in electric field and the increase in ions migration path. When the water droplet volume increases, the failure time shows a slight increase following a reduction, which could be attributed to the local silver ions concentration and ions migration path. This study would provide valuable insights for improving reliability and environmental suitability of electronic devices in humid environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12294,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 111390"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143134754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the stability of low heat release rate flames by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy","authors":"Ching-Kang Huang ,&nbsp;Jun Hayashi ,&nbsp;Takahiro Sako ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kawanabe ,&nbsp;Masashi Katsuki","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of burner rim thickness on the stabilization characteristics of non-premixed jet flames with low heat release rate (HRR), which is crucial for expanding the application of low HRR fuels (e.g., ammonia) in practical burners. HRR of a flame is a significant parameter since flame stability is influenced by the balance of HRR and heat loss rate. In this study, low HRR fuels were simulated by CH₄-N₂ mixtures and their flames were formed above a quadruple-slot burner with different rim thicknesses. OH* chemiluminescence imaging showed that flames with low CH₄ content in fuel lifted off and stabilized by triple flame structures above the thinner rim; thicker rim prevented flame liftoff but reduced the reaction intensity at flame bases. Mole fraction distributions of CH₄, O₂ and N₂ in the vicinity of the rims were measured by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), and the appropriate choice of nitrogen spectral lines was discussed. LIBS results indicated that fuel–air mixing was more effective near the thicker rim. However, species diffusion at the flame bases above the thinner rim was faster, resulting in higher reaction intensity. The results suggest that the flame stabilization mechanism above thinner rims and thicker rims may be different.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12294,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 111386"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143134753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of surface tension and contact angle of solar salt at high temperature with axisymmetric drop-shape analysis","authors":"Kent P. Detrick,&nbsp;Michael Staker,&nbsp;Lydia Schouten,&nbsp;John P. Detrick,&nbsp;Dongjin Seo,&nbsp;Matthew Memmott","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As interfacial properties of common materials enabled many practical applications, those for molten salts would do the same. While their properties are important for the safety and design of thermal energy storage and modular nuclear reactors, they are hard to obtain because of the measurements done in confined spaces inside a furnace at high temperatures. Moreover, a small amount is preferred due to the high cost of salts. To overcome these limitations, an accurate method to measure surface tension, γ, and contact angles, <em>θ</em>, of molten salts were sought. As a steppingstone toward using more complex salts, solar salt was used because of safety and availability. Because molten salts typically show low <em>θ</em>, they provide large errors by incorrectly predicting volume and/or geometry. Therefore, various solid materials on which solar salts show high <em>θ</em> were sought and boron nitride was identified to provide <em>θ</em> &gt; 60°. Later, solar salt sessile droplets were analyzed with the axisymmetric drop-shape analysis (ADSA) method to measure γ over a temperature range, which showed a good agreement with literature. Thus, this paper sets an experimental protocol that can be possibly used for other complex and hazardous salts that are scarcer and hard to handle. This paper extends the current knowledge by identifying solid surfaces on which the salts show low wettability for accurate measurements. Compared to other accurate methods, such as maximum bubble pressure method, this method used a small amount of salt (&lt; 100 μL) while keeping a high accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12294,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 111383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143134854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and numerical investigation on effect of butanol isomers additions in iso-octane sooting transition chemistry","authors":"Xuan Zhao ,&nbsp;Dandan Qi ,&nbsp;Kaixuan Yang ,&nbsp;Chen Chen ,&nbsp;Lei Xu ,&nbsp;Yaoyao Ying ,&nbsp;Tianjiao Li ,&nbsp;Guangxue Zhang ,&nbsp;Dong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of four butanol isomers additions on sooting transition process were studied in <em>iso</em>-octane counterflow diffusion flame combining flame luminosity characteristics and gas-phase combustion chemistry. Flame luminosity characteristics was obtained to determine the sooting transition points of all investigated flames with homemade image processing and transition point extraction methods. The results indicated that the delay effect has occurred on sooting transition point in four blended flames with a little difference. Gas-phase combustion chemistry of the different flames in sooting transition process was studied experimentally by an online GC system as well as numerically by kinetic analysis realized with two distinct kinetic mechanisms. In addition, soot formation characteristics have also been qualitatively analyzed with <em>soot model</em>. Experiments and simulations show that, depending on the butanol isomer, the intermediate species production is clearly different. These different species pools play an important role on soot formation pathways as demonstrated by the simulations. Although <em>n</em>-butanol and <em>sec</em>-butanol were weaker in benzene formation, stronger C₂H₂ production capacity was dominant in PAHs growth. <em>Tert</em>-butanol had the highest C₆H₆ concentration with a ratio of 7 %−15 % higher than the other isomers due to the strongest IC₄H₈ production capacity. Therefore, its flame also has the highest PAHs concentration. Both effect mechanisms existed in <em>iso</em>-butanol blended flame.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12294,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 111382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143134752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ripening of capillary-trapped ganglia in porous media","authors":"Zhi Feng ,&nbsp;Muan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinqing Wang ,&nbsp;Mingxiu Zhan ,&nbsp;Xu Xu ,&nbsp;Peng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ostwald ripening behavior of ganglia within porous media has significant applications in various fields, including CO₂ geological sequestration, porous material fabrication, and fuel cells. Although the ripening behavior of bubbles in porous media has been extensively studied, current research primarily focuses on bubbles occupying individual pores within the media. In contrast, in practical scenarios, it is more common for ganglia to span multiple pores within the porous media. Microfluidic technology was employed to create heterogeneous porous media chips with regions containing both large and small pores, as well as a chip designed to simulate the structure of actual porous rocks. Long-term visualization tests were conducted on the Ostwald ripening process of the CO₂ ganglia, and changes in ganglia volume and capillary pressure were quantified. It was found that the geometric dimensions and distribution of pores and throats in heterogeneous porous media significantly influence the ripening behavior of ganglia. The ripening process of ganglia occupying multiple pores was more complex than that of bubbles occupying a single pore. It was also discovered that the ripening process of ganglia is slower than bubbles occupying single pores or in bulk fluids. This phenomenon is attributed to the interfacial stabilization in ganglia during ripening, which inhibits the increase in capillary pressure differences, and the pore structure that restricts the effective area for mass transfer. These findings are crucial for optimizing CO₂ geological sequestration strategies and designing porous media materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12294,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 111364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143134785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An experimental study on thermoacoustic instabilities of non-premixed combustion using internal flue gas recirculation","authors":"Bofan Liu ,&nbsp;Deng Pan ,&nbsp;Ying Li ,&nbsp;Jiaying Cheng ,&nbsp;Tong Zhu ,&nbsp;Yu Lin ,&nbsp;Cherngjyh Shiue ,&nbsp;Mingze Su","doi":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2024.111365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Internal flue gas recirculation (IFGR) is a commonly used low-NO_x combustion technique in industrial boilers. This study experimentally investigated the nonlinear behavior of the self-excited thermoacoustic instability in non-premixed combustion using IFGR. CH* chemiluminescence imaging and Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis were conducted to study the characteristics of flame dynamics. The results showed that, as global equivalence ratio <span><math><msub><mi>φ</mi><mtext>g</mtext></msub></math></span> decreased, the combustion system sequentially exhibited combustion noise, 90 Hz limit cycle oscillation, dual-frequency transition, and 80 Hz limit cycle oscillation, accompanied by frequency shift and mode transition phenomena. For the 90 Hz and 80 Hz oscillation modes, the first mode of POD exhibited axial oscillation patterns and global flashing oscillation patterns, respectively. Finally, combustion chamber temperature measurement and low-order thermoacoustic network model was used to analyze the mechanisms behind mode transition and frequency shift phenomena. The results showed that the decrease in combustion chamber temperature, which was caused by <span><math><msub><mi>φ</mi><mtext>g</mtext></msub></math></span> decrease, led to a reduction in the frequency of the first natural acoustic mode, ultimately resulting in the mode transition. IFGR altered the range of <span><math><msub><mi>φ</mi><mtext>g</mtext></msub></math></span> where thermoacoustic oscillations occur. The phenomenon of frequency shift was primarily caused by the decrease in convective time delay <span><math><msub><mi>τ</mi><mrow><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>. This study further explores the influence of IFGR and <span><math><msub><mi>φ</mi><mtext>g</mtext></msub></math></span> on thermoacoustic oscillation modes and flame dynamics, which contributes to the development of stable, low-NO_x non-premixed combustors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12294,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 111365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143134751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}