{"title":"Utilization of the Blockchain Network in The Public Community Health Center Medicine Supply Chain","authors":"Hartanto Kumiawan, JungYeon Kim, Hongtaek Ju","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9237042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9237042","url":null,"abstract":"Distribution of medicine in the public health community centers has been regulated and monitored in an official distribution channel. However, counterfeit medications still circulate in the community. Circulation of counterfeit medicines is caused by factors from businesses, consumers, and medicine distribution supervision. The use of blockchain technology in supply-chain has shown new breakthroughs to overcome these problems since it ensures immutability, transparency, and decentralization of data. In this paper, we proposed a new blockchain-based Medicine Supply Chain Management (MSCM) system. The proposed system has been applied to medicine distribution channels between public community health centers in Indonesia. To evaluate the proposed system, we used JMeter as a benchmarking tool to measure the system performance in terms of transactions per second, latency, and the utilization of resources.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134381515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mobility Performance Enhancement in Small Cells Cluster of 5G Network: A Handover Overhead Reduction Approach","authors":"Adeel Rafiq, Muhammad Afaq, Wang-Cheol Song","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236961","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve high availability of traffic and maximum coverage in the 5G network, clusters of small cells approach to maximize the system capacity. In this approach, the Core Network (CN) encounters a large number of signals due to the frequent hand-off between small cells in the event of an increase in the speed of user movement and users within certain limits of small cells. The present 5G system executes all handoff signals in the traditional complex hierarchical sequence which leads the system toward the bad performance due to redundant signaling. NO Stack architecture has emerged as a promising methodology for radio access network (RAN) in the context of reducing the redundant signaling during X2-based handover by using control logic centrally and flat protocols. This paper proposes a system that is based on NO Stack architecture for reducing handoff requests in CN by assigning the dedicated mobility controller to each cluster of small cells for locally managing the mobility. The dedicated cluster controller specially designs to manage and control the cluster of small cells as well as maintain the forwarding information of user equipment locally. In this proposed system, the dedicated controller resides at the nearest edge cloud, therefore a distributed edge cloud network is developed for high computing infrastructure and low latency access for the X2-based handover request.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"29 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114105396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic Control Method of Explicit Address Mapping Table in IPv6 Single-Stack Network","authors":"Yasunobu Toyota, Osamu Nakamura","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9237034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9237034","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, Internet Data Center (IDC) network operation with IPv6 single-stack gathers attention because of IPv4 address pool exhaustion and the high operational load associated with IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack. Since IPv4 traffic still accounts for a large percentage of the total Internet traffic, it is necessary to provide IPv4 services even in IPv6 single-stack networks. A method of providing IPv4 accessibility in an IPv6 single-stack network is known as IPv4 as a Service (IPv4aaS); there are three possible approaches. This research proves that IPv4/IPv6 translation is the most compatible and effective for IDC network operations. The SIIT-DC network design has been standardized as a way to provide IPv4 services with IPv4 / IPv6 Translation. In SIIT-DC, a translation node referred to as Border Relay (BR) is connected between the IPv4 Internet and an IPv6 IDC network in order to translate IPv4 and IPv6 mutually (in order to enable IPv4 service provision in IPv6 server). However, to operate an SIIT-DC network without the lack of redundancy and operational load spikes in multi-homing networks, the Explicit Address Mapping Table (EAMT) must be shared dynamically and consistently with BRs. This paper compares approaches to control EAMT dynamically in SIIT-DC environment and clarifies the benefits and drawbacks of each. The results are expected to contribute to the design of IPv6 single-stack networks in IDC.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114187159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DongNyeong Heo, Stanislav Lange, Heegon Kim, Heeyoul Choi
{"title":"Graph Neural Network based Service Function Chaining for Automatic Network Control","authors":"DongNyeong Heo, Stanislav Lange, Heegon Kim, Heeyoul Choi","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236954","url":null,"abstract":"Software-defined networking (SDN) and the network function virtualization (NFV) led to great developments in software based control technology by decreasing expenditures. Service function chaining (SFC) is an important technology to find efficient paths in network servers to process all of the requested virtualized network functions (VNF). However, SFC is challenging since it has to maintain high Quality of Service (QoS) even for complicated situations. Although some works have been conducted for such tasks with high-level intelligent models like deep neural networks (DNNs), those approaches are not efficient in utilizing the topology information of networks and cannot be applied to networks with dynamically changing topology since their models assume that the topology is fixed. In this paper, we propose a new neural network architecture for SFC, which is based on graph neural network (GNN) considering the graph-structured properties of network topology. The proposed SFC model consists of an encoder and a decoder, where the encoder finds the representation of the network topology, and then the decoder estimates probabilities of neighborhood nodes and their probabilities to process a VNF. In the experiments, our proposed architecture outperformed previous performances of DNN based baseline model. Moreover, the GNN based model can be applied to a new network topology without re-designing and re-training.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123895086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and simulation of self-organizing network routing algorithm based on Q-learning","authors":"Yuejia Dou, Huilin Liu, Liangkang Wei, Shiyou Chen","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9237020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9237020","url":null,"abstract":"With the continuous advancement of computer network communication technology, traditional wired and wireless networks are limited by cables and base stations, and are not applicable in some application scenarios. Therefore, mobile wireless communication methods have attracted more and more attention. Due to its dynamic topology and self-organizing without center, the self-organizing network can form a mobile temporary multi-hop mobile communication network through multiple wireless communication devices, which can well meet the above requirements. At present, research on self-organizing networks mainly focuses on routing protocols. The main types are based on network topology information and location information. This paper designs a routing algorithm based on link reliability. The algorithm fully considers the self-organizing network link information, and models the node's sending and receiving work as a Markov decision process, and uses Q-learning to demodulate. This article used NS2 for network simulation and analysis and comparison of performance indicators with traditional routing algorithms.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"302 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123198689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chao-Yu Hsu, Chin-Lin Hu, K. Huang, Yung-Hui Chen, Jiun-Long Huang
{"title":"Event-Triggered Media Stream Bandwidth Adjustment in IoT-Based Home Networks","authors":"Chao-Yu Hsu, Chin-Lin Hu, K. Huang, Yung-Hui Chen, Jiun-Long Huang","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236988","url":null,"abstract":"As the coming maturity of Internet of Things, many home-networked devices with various sensors are deployed in residential environments. It is important to accommodate many devices that compete for bandwidth allocation to transmit data inwards and outwards through a certain home network domain. This paper proposes a novel mechanism which can adjust media stream qualities and transmission bandwidth allocations to different devices. This mechanism is agile against dynamic changes of data workload and finite network resources between inside and outside of a home network. Practical demonstration exhibits that the effects are able to maintain differentiated media transfer services in IoT-based home networks.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"65 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123456445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Switched Digital Video Using Convergence Transmission of Broadcasting and Communication on Cable TV Network","authors":"Joonyoung Jung, Dong-Joon Choi, Ran-Jae Im","doi":"10.23919/apnoms50412.2020.9237058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/apnoms50412.2020.9237058","url":null,"abstract":"The cable TV network is considered as an optimal network for convergence of broadcasting and communication because it is possible to provide two-way services. Recently, the cable broadcasting network is in shortage of available frequency resources due to high quality broadcasting services, increased demand for VoD, and increased bandwidth of high-speed Internet services. This paper presents a new method for switched digital video (SDV) technology to obtain additional transmission resources in cable broadcasting networks. In the proposed SDV method, communication and broadcasting service share the same frequency band, it is possible to improve the frequency usage efficiency by providing switching of broadcasting channels without complex system construction.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130420973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TCP-PPCC: Online-Learning Proximal Policy for Congestion Control","authors":"Jing Li, Yuyao Guan, Pengpeng Ding, Shiwei Wang","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236989","url":null,"abstract":"Effective network congestion control strategies are the key to secure the normal operation of complex and changeable networks. The fundamental assumptions of many existing TCP congestion control variants dominated by hand-crafted heuristic algorithms are no longer valid. We propose an algorithm called TCP-Proximal Policy Congestion Control (TCP-PPCC), which is based on deep reinforcement learning algorithm Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO). TCP-PPCC updates the policy offline from the features of the preceding network state and feedback from the current network environment and adjusts the congestion window online with the updated policy. The senders with TCP-PPCC can learn about the changes in network bandwidth more accurately and adjust the congestion window in time. We demonstrate the performance of TCP-PPCC by comparing it with the traditional congestion control algorithm NewReno in four network scenarios with the ns-3 simulator. The results show that in scenario 2, TCP-PPCC takes 58.75% improvement in average delay and 27.80% improvement in throughput compared with NewReno.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125333244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Federated Learning for Cellular Networks: Joint User Association and Resource Allocation","authors":"L. U. Khan, Umer Majeed, C. Hong","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9237045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9237045","url":null,"abstract":"Recent years have shown a remarkable interest in federated learning from researchers to make several Internet of Things applications smart. Although, federated learning offers users' privacy preservation, it has communication resources optimization challenge. In this paper, we consider federated learning for cellular networks. We formulate an optimization problem to jointly minimizes latency and effect of loss in federated learning model accuracy due to channel uncertainties. We decompose the main optimization problem into two sub-problems: resource allocation and device association sub-problems, due to the NP-hard nature of the main optimization problem. To solve these sub-problems, we propose an iterative approach which further uses efficient heuristic algorithms for resource blocks allocation and device association. Finally, we provide numerical results for the validation of our proposed scheme.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129341084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}