{"title":"Design and Performance Evaluation of Hexagonal Topology Networks with Novel Routing Algorithms","authors":"Yuh-Jiuh Cheng, Bor-Tauo Chen, Wen-Lin Cheng","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236992","url":null,"abstract":"The heuristic shortest path routing algorithms and performance evaluation are proposed to find the most suitable optical path between the two nodes of the optical switch in hexagonal topology network. The advantages of hexagonal optical switching network are easy to expand and have flexible fault tolerant. If we want to expand hexagonal topology network, we can increase the number of levels. A 7-level hexagonal topology network with 294 nodes has been designed and its routing algorithm has also been designed. Finally, we evaluated the performance of 4-level hexagonal topology network with different algorithms such as SPRA-AI (Shortest Path Routing Algorithm with Artificial Intelligence using decision tree), SPRA-SPT (Shortest Path Routing Algorithm with Spanning Tree), and SPRA-PDP (Shortest Path Routing Algorithm with Pure Distance Prediction). The simulated traffic mode is also captured from the actual core network to obtain the authenticity of the simulation results.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122525145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prequalification of VDSL2 copper customers for G.fast services with artificial intelligence technology","authors":"Pang-Chen Liu, Shun-Kai Yang, Lung-Chin Huang, Huai-En Tseng, Fei-Hua Kuo, Tai-Chueh Shih","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9237059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9237059","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, due to customers have higher requirements for 4K/BK video and high-speed internet, telecom operators have begun to deploy FTTH network, but found that it is generally difficult to deploy fiber to the home, so G.fast technology has been favored by most telecom operators around the world and have begun to actively deploy. For the most widely deploy VDSL2 line with maximum rate that can only provide 100M internet service, a intelligent and accurate G.fast 300M high speed service prequalification technology, is a major research topic for telecom operators to promote 300M high-speed internet service. This paper proposes to use AI machine learning to estimate the G.fast line rate by using VDSL2 line attenuation to meet the real-site provision needs of telecommunications operators.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125565161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reliability Evaluation and Optimization Method in Power Communication Network Based on Environmental Factors and Controlled Hybrid Stochastic Petri Net","authors":"Huilin Liu, Yucheng Ma, Xushan Chen, Meng Zhou, Shiyou Chen","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236955","url":null,"abstract":"The reliability of the power communication network is important to the stable operation of the power grid. Existing studies on the reliability evaluation of power communication networks rarely consider the factors of environmental changes. In fact, changes in the working environment of power service routing will affect the normal operation of the network. This paper studies the reliability evaluation method of power communication network based on environmental factors. The normal cloud model method is used to model the multiple environmental factors in the power communication network, and a controlled hybrid stochastic petri network is used to model and analyze the power transmission system with backup route. In simulation experiments, we compare our algorithm with the contrast algorithm that not considering the impact of environmental factors. The results show that our algorithm can well reflect the impact of changes in environmental factors on the reliability of the system, and more in line with the actual reliability changes of the power service transmission system.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121163130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimized Quantization for Convolutional Deep Neural Networks in Federated Learning","authors":"You Jun Kim, C. Hong","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236949","url":null,"abstract":"Federated learning is a distributed learning method that trains a deep network on user devices without collecting data from central server. It is useful when the central server can't collect data. However, the absence of data on central server means that deep network compression using data is not possible. Deep network compression is very important because it enables inference even on device with low capacity. In this paper, we proposed a new quantization method that significantly reduces FPROPS(floating-point operations per second) in deep networks without leaking user data in federated learning. Quantization parameters are trained by general learning loss, and updated simultaneously with weight. We call this method as OQFL(Optimized Quantization in Federated Learning). OQFL is a method of learning deep networks and quantization while maintaining security in a distributed network environment including edge computing. We introduce the OQFL method and simulate it in various Convolutional deep neural networks. We shows that OQFL is possible in most representative convolutional deep neural network. Surprisingly, OQFL(4bits) can preserve the accuracy of conventional federated learning(32bits) in test dataset.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"181 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116143779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Evaluation of Network Service Monitoring Method Using User Traffic Information","authors":"Kei Takeshita, Y. Soejima","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236950","url":null,"abstract":"In many cases, telecommunications carriers maintain their communication networks by monitoring the normality of equipment, which they assume represents normality of services. Since telecommunications carriers provide a network service to users, they want to directly manage and operate the service itself. However, a service monitoring method cannot be provided on a large scale due to the problems of system size and high cost. In recent years, with the spread of telemetry, individual users' traffic information can be obtained from routers at low cost, which means the service usage status of individual users can be monitored. On the other hand, it is difficult to know whether a service has failed or is simply not being used when no traffic is observed. To overcome this problem, we propose and evaluate a service normality check method by using time series prediction in this paper.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126754655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hong-Chuan Chi, M. A. Sarwar, Yousef-Awwad Daraghmi, Kuan Liu, Tsì-Uí İk, Yih-Lang Li
{"title":"Smart Self-Checkout Carts Based on Deep Learning for Shopping Activity Recognition","authors":"Hong-Chuan Chi, M. A. Sarwar, Yousef-Awwad Daraghmi, Kuan Liu, Tsì-Uí İk, Yih-Lang Li","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9237053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9237053","url":null,"abstract":"Fast and reliable communication plays a major role in the success of smart shopping applications. In a “Just Walk Out” shopping scenario, a video camera is installed on the cart to monitor shopping activities and transmit images to the cloud for processing so that items in the cart can be tracked and checked out. This paper proposes a prototype of a smart shopping cart based on image-based action recognition. Firstly, deep learning networks such as Faster R-CNN, YOLOv2, and YOLOv2-Tiny are utilized to analyze the content of each video frame. Frames are classified into three classes: No Hand, Empty Hand, and Holding Items. The classification accuracy based on Faster R-CNN, YOLOv2, or YOLOv2-Tiny is between 93.0% and 90.3%, and the processing speed of the three networks can be up to 5 fps, 39 fps, and 50 fps, respectively. Secondly, based on the sequence of frame classes, the timeline is divided into No Hand intervals, Empty Hand intervals, and Holding Items intervals. The accuracy of action recognition is 96%, and the time error is 0.119s on average. Finally, we categorize the events into four cases: No Change, placing, Removing, and Swapping. Even including the correctness of the item recognition, the accuracy of shopping event detection is 97.9%, which is higher than the minimal requirement to deploy such a system in a smart shopping environment. A demo of the system and a link to download the data set used in the paper are in Smart Shopping Cart Prototype or found at this URL: https://hackmd.io/abEiC83rQoqxz7zpL4Kh2w.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134316949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Measurement Study on Evaluating Container Network Performance for Edge Computing","authors":"Jun-Sup Yoon, Jian Li, Sangho Shin","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236997","url":null,"abstract":"With the development of cloud technology, people are focusing on lightweight container technology. Container networking is a core technology in providing high-level cloud services, and there are various implementation models such as Container Network Model (CNM) and Container Network Interface (CNI). Among them, CNI is a de-facto standard adopted by various container platforms. There are many plugins that implement the CNI networking model, and the implementation method differs, showing a great difference in a view of performance. MEC (Multi-Access Edge Computing) is a technology that provides services by locating the server closest to the user who wants to use mobile communication services. In this paper, the performance was measured by applying various CNI network plugins to the CoV architecture. Through this measurement, we analyzed the factors of network performance degradation. The result of the analysis is expected to be used as a good reference in constructing the CoV architecture for low latency in the future.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133851552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tzu-Kuang Lee, Jen-Jee Chen, Y. Tseng, Cheng-Kuan Lin
{"title":"Effect of Packet Loss and Delay on V2X Data Fusion","authors":"Tzu-Kuang Lee, Jen-Jee Chen, Y. Tseng, Cheng-Kuan Lin","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9237017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9237017","url":null,"abstract":"Sensing data fusion is one of the most important technologies in autonomous driving. Its performance depends on advance communication technology. Cellular-Vehicle to Everything (C-V2X) initially defined as LTE V2X in 3GPP Release 14 is a solution for vehicle communication that includes Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I), Vehicle-to-person (V2P), and Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V). Although 4G LTE and 5G provides high-speed transmission, packet loss and delay are still inevitable. Packet loss and delay affect the safety of autonomous driving, especially for the judgment of emergency. In this paper, we compare the accuracy of data fusion under different rate of packet loss and broadcast frequency on the simulated platform CALAR. And we propose a skill to improve accuracy. Experiments show that the proposed skill significantly alleviates the effect of communication packet loss and delay on the accuracy of V2X data fusion.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"3 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132285625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Study on Automation of Network Maintenance in Telecom Carriers for Zero-Touch Operations","authors":"Aiko Oi, Ryosuke Sato, Yuichi Suto, Kosuke Sakata, Motomu Nakajima, Tsuyoshi Furukawa","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236983","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, there are many work efficiency efforts in particular automation of business processes in various industry. The same trend applies to the network operations of telecommunication carriers; however, although automation of service fulfillment, such as developing network services, is progressing, automation of service assurance such as responding to network failure has not progressed. Currently, network maintenance personnel have independently developed tools for automation of network maintenance (such as troubleshooting) process partially and they are manually performing maintenance tasks by coordinating multiple groups of tools. However, in view of the future decrease in the working population, work efficiency must be further improved. Following this situation, this article focuses on further automation of network maintenance process, by developing technologies to orchestrate existing automation tools. In this paper, handling network failures among network maintenance work is targeted, the challenges and the requirements for expansion in the range of automation is discussed, after discussing current automation of network maintenance at telecom carriers in the real world. After that an implementation method that satisfies these requirements using our orchestrator and OSS products is proposed and evaluated. By defining a workflow of network maintenance that makes each process reusable, it becomes easy to create new workflow and update the one, and furthermore it was found that by reviewing how to code the workflow, it was possible to significantly improve processing performance.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127869001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deployment of Facial Recognition Models at the Edge: A Feasibility Study","authors":"Xihao Zhou, S. Keoh","doi":"10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/APNOMS50412.2020.9236972","url":null,"abstract":"Model training and inference in Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications are typically performed in the cloud. There is a paradigm shift in moving AI closer to the edge, allowing for IoT devices to perform AI function onboard without incurring network latency. With the exponential increase of edge devices and data generated, capabilities of cloud computing would eventually be limited by the bandwidth and latency of the network. To mitigate the potential risks posed by cloud computing, this paper discusses the feasibility of deploying inference onboard the device where data is being generated. A secure access management system using MobileNet facial recognition was implemented and the preliminary results showed that the deployment at the edge outperformed the cloud deployment in terms of overall response speed while maintaining the same recognition accuracy. Thus, management of the automated deployment of inference models at the edge is required.","PeriodicalId":122940,"journal":{"name":"2020 21st Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130731415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}