{"title":"Emerging drugs for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.","authors":"Michihiro Iwaki, Masato Yoneda, Naohiro Wada, Tomohiro Otani, Takashi Kobayashi, Asako Nogami, Satoru Saito, Atsushi Nakajima","doi":"10.1080/14728214.2024.2328036","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14728214.2024.2328036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Approved drug therapies for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are lacking, for which various agents are currently being tested in clinical trials. Effective drugs for liver fibrosis, the factor most associated with prognosis in NASH, are important.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This study reviewed the treatment of NASH with a focus on the effects of existing drugs and new drugs on liver fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Considering the complex pathophysiology of fibrosis in NASH, drug therapy may target multiple pathways. The method of assessing fibrosis is important when considering treatment for liver fibrosis in NASH. The Food and Drug Administration considers an important fibrosis endpoint to be histological improvement in at least one fibrosis stage while preventing worsening of fatty hepatitis. To obtain approval as a drug for NASH, efficacy needs to be demonstrated on endpoints such as liver-related events and myocardial infarction. Among the current therapeutic agents for NASH, thiazolidinedione, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2, and selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α modulator have been reported to be effective against fibrosis, although further evidence is required. The effects of pan-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, obeticholic acid, and fibroblast growth factor-21 analogs on liver fibrosis in the development stage therapeutics for NASH are of particular interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":12292,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs","volume":" ","pages":"127-137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140101402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluating emerging drugs in phase II & III for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.","authors":"Xiaoyan Li, Richard Bedlack","doi":"10.1080/14728214.2024.2333420","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14728214.2024.2333420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is a rapidly progressive motor neuron disorder causing severe disability and premature death. Owing to the advances in uncovering ALS pathophysiology, efficient clinical trial design and research advocacy program, several disease-modifying drugs have been approved for treating ALS. Despite this progress, ALS remains a rapidly disabling and life shortening condition. There is a critical need for more effective therapies.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>Here, we reviewed the emerging ALS therapeutics undergoing phase II & III clinical trials. To identify the investigational drugs, we searched ALS and phase II/III trials that are active and recruiting or not yet recruiting on clinicaltrials.gov and Pharmaprojects database.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>The current pipeline is larger and more diverse than ever, with drugs targeting potential genetic and retroviral causes of ALS and drugs targeting a wide array of downstream pathways, including RNA metabolism, protein aggregation, integrated stress response and neuroinflammation.We remain most excited about those that target direct causes of ALS, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides targeting causative genes. Drugs that eliminate abnormal protein aggregates are also up-and-coming. Eventually, because of the heterogeneity of ALS pathophysiology, biomarkers that determine which biological events are most important for an individual ALS patient are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12292,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs","volume":" ","pages":"93-102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140184153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simone Di Cola, Saniya Khan, Lucia Lapenna, Manuela Merli
{"title":"Emerging drugs for the treatment of sarcopenia in cirrhosis of the liver.","authors":"Simone Di Cola, Saniya Khan, Lucia Lapenna, Manuela Merli","doi":"10.1080/14728214.2024.2332428","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14728214.2024.2332428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Malnutrition and sarcopenia are common and impact the prognosis in patients with liver cirrhosis. The etiology is multifactorial and includes periods of reduced caloric intake, increased catabolism and direct molecular mechanisms that inhibit muscle synthesis. Although these conditions are widely acknowledged, and there is a growing interest in their diagnosis, robust evidence regarding the treatment and reversibility of these conditions is still lacking.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>We have explored the current evidence on the pharmacological treatment of sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis. Additionally, we have searched for drugs already in use and ongoing trials for other chronic diseases.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>The current guidelines recommend the use of a protein-adequate diet and moderate physical activity for treating sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis. Currently, robust evidence is derived only from the supplementation of Branched-Chain Amino Acids, capable of increasing muscle mass and function. There are many drugs targeting various pathways that contribute to sarcopenia. However, evidence is sporadic and insufficient to suggest their use in clinical practice.Novel drugs specifically designed to enhance muscle mass and function should be developed. Finally, gender significantly influences the type of muscle alteration and therapeutic mechanisms; therefore, future studies should be designed taking gender differences into consideration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12292,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs","volume":" ","pages":"81-91"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aticaprant: (a κ-opioid receptor antagonist) for major depressive disorder","authors":"Elliot Hampsey, Luke Jelen, Allan H. Young","doi":"10.1080/14728214.2024.2345645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728214.2024.2345645","url":null,"abstract":"Major depression is a common, disabling mental health condition associated with the highest disease burden for any neuropsychiatric disorder worldwide according to the WHO. Due to the imperfect eff...","PeriodicalId":12292,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140827047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emerging monoclonal antibody therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"Francis Proulx-Rocray, Denis Soulières","doi":"10.1080/14728214.2024.2339906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728214.2024.2339906","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is increasing, particularly among younger populations. It is projected that the number of new cases will increase by almost 50% by 204...","PeriodicalId":12292,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sophie Köhne, Thomas Hillemacher, Alexander Glahn, Patrick Bach
{"title":"Emerging drugs in phase II and III clinical development for the treatment of alcohol use disorder","authors":"Sophie Köhne, Thomas Hillemacher, Alexander Glahn, Patrick Bach","doi":"10.1080/14728214.2024.2342951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728214.2024.2342951","url":null,"abstract":"Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) poses an ongoing significant global health burden. AUD is highly prevalent and affects not only the individuals with AUD, but also their communities and society at large....","PeriodicalId":12292,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emerging synthetic drugs for the treatment of hepatic cirrhosis: a 2024 update","authors":"Jonathan A Fallowfield, Maria Jimenez Ramos","doi":"10.1080/14728214.2024.2341878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728214.2024.2341878","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs (Just accepted, 2024)","PeriodicalId":12292,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emerging drugs for the treatment of herpetic keratitis","authors":"Divya Kapoor, Pankaj Sharma, Deepak Shukla","doi":"10.1080/14728214.2024.2339899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728214.2024.2339899","url":null,"abstract":"Herpes simplex keratitis stands as a prominent factor contributing to infectious blindness among developed nations. On a global scale, over 60% of the population tests positive for herpes simplex v...","PeriodicalId":12292,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jack K. Tolson, Robert L. Menuet, Gianni H. Ly, Benjamin A. Chanes, Elizabeth A. Bryan, Saurabh Kataria, Julian Kim, Shahab Ahmadzadeh, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye
{"title":"Evolving role of viadisc for chronic low back and discogenic pain: a narrative review","authors":"Jack K. Tolson, Robert L. Menuet, Gianni H. Ly, Benjamin A. Chanes, Elizabeth A. Bryan, Saurabh Kataria, Julian Kim, Shahab Ahmadzadeh, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye","doi":"10.1080/14728214.2024.2339912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728214.2024.2339912","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic lower back pain is a leading cause of disability and healthcare spending worldwide. Discogenic pain, pain originating from the intervertebral disk, is a common etiology of chronic lower bac...","PeriodicalId":12292,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah MacIsaac, Dujrath Somboonviboon, Ciaran Scallan, Martin Kolb
{"title":"Treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an update on emerging drugs in phase II & III clinical trials","authors":"Sarah MacIsaac, Dujrath Somboonviboon, Ciaran Scallan, Martin Kolb","doi":"10.1080/14728214.2024.2340723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728214.2024.2340723","url":null,"abstract":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, debilitating lung disease with poor prognosis. Although two antifibrotics have been approved in the past decade there are no curative therapies...","PeriodicalId":12292,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}