NBU Journal of Plant Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Bacillus megaterium mediated growth promotion and biological control of crown rot disease of Oncidium incited by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.","authors":"M. Basnet, C. Tongden, U. Chakraborty, B. Chakraborty","doi":"10.55734/nbujps.2010.v04i01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2010.v04i01.005","url":null,"abstract":"Plant viruses cause severe diseases leading to enormous crop loss. The present day viral researches of economic plants are centered on identification of virus, molecular characterization and management of viral discases. Till date more than thousand viruses have been classified into several families. It is desirable to know about the different virus families along with their type genus and/or important genus. But due to an enormous volume of literature published on this aspect, it becomes difficult to study all of them. Hence the present review has highlighted the salient features of the major plant viruses which have been classified at the family level. Most of the virus families have been discussed with important/type genus of each family. Some viruses which could not be placed in any family have been grouped as 'no family\". Importance of molecular data, immunological data and data on protein configuration of coat proteins along with bioinformatics and its predictive power have been highlighted.","PeriodicalId":122617,"journal":{"name":"NBU Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134097364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance of Klebsormidium flaccidum (Kützing) Silva, Mattox & Blackwell (Streptophyta) to heavy metals","authors":"L. Gaysina, E. S. Purina, S. M. Safiullina, G. Bakieva","doi":"10.55734/nbujps.2009.v03i01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2009.v03i01.007","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of copper (1-10-10-2 M/L), nickel (1-10-6-1 M/L) and manganese (Ix10-1-1 M/L) chlorides on morphology of filaments and cells in Klebsormidium flaccidum (Kützing) Silva, Mattox & Blackwell (Streptophyta) were studied. Concentrations of CuCl2 (1x10-5 M/L). NiCl2 (lx10-3 M/L) and MnCl2 (Ix10-1 M/L) caused different morphological aberrations in algal cells, such as granulation, changing of cell form, damage of chloroplast, and complete destruction of the cell content. Heavy metals resulted in a decrease of K. flaccidum filament length. CuCl2 caused increase of the cell length. K. flaccidum aplanospores formation occurred at a MnCl2 concentration of 1x10-1 M/L.","PeriodicalId":122617,"journal":{"name":"NBU Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133215309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Plagiochasma appendiculatum Lehm. et Lindenb against pathogenic bacteria","authors":"R. Khanam, B. Chaudhary, S. Khanam","doi":"10.55734/nbujps.2011.v05i01.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2011.v05i01.012","url":null,"abstract":"The in vitro antibacterial activity of whole thallus of Plagiochasma appendiculatum and its fractions petroleum ether, benzene, acetone, methanol, ethanol, and aqueous extracts were tested against the growth of four human pathogenic gram negative bacteria namely Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae and two gram positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus using agar well diffusion technique. The plant showed significant antibacterial activity against almost all the organisms. The maximum antibacterial activity was observed in methanolic extract against Escherichia coli and minimum activity was observed in petroleum ether extract against Staphylococcus aureus. The phytochemical analysis of the extract indicated the presence of saponin, flavonoids, and sesquiterpenes. The inhibitory effect of the extract was compared with standard antibiotics, streptomycin.","PeriodicalId":122617,"journal":{"name":"NBU Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133510298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of Trees in the Darjeeling Foothill Region of Eastern Himalaya","authors":"U. Rai","doi":"10.55734/nbujps.2008.v02i01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2008.v02i01.004","url":null,"abstract":"Phytosociological investigation using 20 x 20 m quadrats has been made on seven major forest types of Darjiling foothill region within an altitudinal range of 135 m to 1200 m leading to the record of 215 species of trees, 11 species of liana and three species of palms. Analysis of data revealed that the East Himalayan Sal forest showed highest species diversity but have moderate species richness and concentration of dominance. High species diversity and species richness were recorded from Semi Evergreen Mixed forest, Wet Mixed Deciduous Forest & Lower Bhabar Sal Forest with correspondingly low concentration of dominance. Bamboo brake had the lowest species diversity with high concentration of dominance. Computation of similarity index showed a poor relation between different forest types and reflected the developing nature of vegetation. Also, these forests have a high regeneration status with a good species composition. It has also been predicted that the anthropogenic interferences may cause the abrupt change in the structure of these vegetation types.","PeriodicalId":122617,"journal":{"name":"NBU Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133157340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological characterization of wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) of NBU campus (West Bengal) for in situ conservation and germplasm enhancement","authors":"Subhasita Roy","doi":"10.55734/nbujps.2014.v08i01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2014.v08i01.007","url":null,"abstract":"Asian wild rice Oryza rufipogon Griff. (Poaceae) is considered as a progenitor of the cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L). lt is a source of many biotic and abiotic stress tolerance genes and these are utilized for genetic improvement of cultivated rice. Thus it needs immediate attention with high priority so that we could not loss this agriculturally important Oryza gene pool. Natural population of Oryza rufipogon in the North Bengal University campus is characterized based on phylogeographic and morphological parameters for conservation purposes. Twenty-five plants were considered randomly to measures twenty-six different types of morphological passport data for genetic relatedness analysis within the population. Diagnostic characters are provided to delineate the species morphologically. Plant is annual ecotype having short to intermediate culms height (64 cm-145 cm), and 0.5- 1.6 cm in thickness. Profuse fibrous roots of 2 mm thick and 3-9 cm long creamy-white in colour grows from the floating nodes, node region is solid and pinkish in colour (5-7 mm long). Flag leaf length ranges from 13 cm-40 cm with 0.3 cm 1.8 cm width. Flag leaf blade attitude is varying from deflexed to horizontal to semierect. Auricle was hard, curved, glabrous and 13-15.5 mm in size. Two-cleft ligule length ranges 17 mm to 35 mm. Panicle length varies from 15.4 cm 30 cm with l cm-8 cm wide with 5-13 primary branches. Attitude ofprimary branches is spreading, well exserted (100%), alternately arranged on the wavy axis. Length of the lemma varies 6-11 mm and 1.4-2.3 mm wide, lemma-awn junction marked by a pinkish pubescent constriction with 23-80 mm long red awn. Yellow colour anthers vary in length 4-8 mm long. Stigma was bifurcated (>2 mm) and purple in colour comes out from the spike lets. Seeds (blackish) are harvested during November-December and vary in length (7.5 mm - 10 mm). Density of fertile spikelets ranges from 15 to 82. Grain length/breadth ratio was 3.73 (average) and average kernel length/breadth ratio was 3.99. The results suggest that the population of NBU campus are genetically diversified, heterogeneous and should be conserved in situ to protect this precious genetic resource as separate ecological race (ecotype or intergrade) for germplasm enhancement.","PeriodicalId":122617,"journal":{"name":"NBU Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124194147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of free-living bacteria from the rhizosphere of Jute for their multiple plant growth promoting and antagonistic activity against phytopathogens","authors":"S. Majumdar, U. Chakraborty","doi":"10.55734/nbujps.2015.v09i01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2015.v09i01.007","url":null,"abstract":"Present investigation was undertaken to screen the PGPR isolates from the rhizosphere of Jute for their plant growth promoting and antagonistic activities in the view of an alternative way to chemical fertilizer and hazardous fungicides. A total 76 isolates were isolated from different parts of northern West Bengal and screened for their antagonistic activity against Macrophomiona phaseolina. Most promising five isolates were selected for further study and screened for other plant growth promoting and lytic enzyme producing abilities. Out of these, two isolates were Gram positive and rest three Gram negative. All five isolates exhibited several plant growth promoting activities. All five isolates showed IAA and ammonia production whereas four out five showed phosphate solubilization activity. Three PGPR strains exhibited siderophore production and only one isolate showed cyanide production ability. Among the lytic enzymes, chitinase was produced by three isolates. Among them B-3 showed highest degree of chitinase production. Protease was also produced by four strains but amylase and B-1,4-glucanase activity showed by only one isolate, Act-6. Two isolates B-3 and Acti-6 showed considerable amount of antagonistic activity against three phytopathogens Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium oysporum, and F. semitectum suggesting that Acti-6 and B-3 showed several attributes to be the potent strains of PGPR and can be used as biofertilizer as well as biocontrol agents.","PeriodicalId":122617,"journal":{"name":"NBU Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127865945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root colonization of mandarin plants grown in orchards of Darjeeling hills and plains with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their effects on plant growth","authors":"S. Allay, Uttanka Kumar De, Biswanath Chakraborty","doi":"10.55734/nbujps.2012.v06i01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2012.v06i01.007","url":null,"abstract":"Citrus reticulata is an ancient commercial crop being cultivated in Darjeeling-Sikkim hills. Many diseases are prevalent in mandarin plants, out of them, bacterial & fungal diseases are mostly dangerous. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi were screened from rhizosphere of mandarin plants from the four different regions using wet sieving and decanting method. Microscopical observation revealed the presence of different genus of AM fungi present in the root as hyphae, spores and sporocarp. Glomus mosseae, G. fasciculatum, G. aggregatum, G. badium. G. constrictum, G. versiforme, Gigaspora gigantea, G. margarita, Acaulospora capsicula, A. bireticulata, Sclerocystis and Scutellospora rubra were found to be dominant in all the soil samples of mandarin. Species of Glomus were found to be high in both hilly and foothill regions. Glomus mosseae and G. fasciculatum were selected for mass multiplication in maize plant in pots. Histopathological study of root showed the presence of vesicles and arbuscules. AMF infection and total number of spores per 100 gram of soil were recorded. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of AMF spores of mandarin revealed clear morphology, spore wall characters and hyphal attachment of spores. Total phosphate content of the soil, soil analysis and enzyme activities in roots and leaves of mandarin plant from the different regions were studied. Three major defense enzymes peroxidase, chitinase and β- 1,3- glucanase showed enhanced activities and the total phosphate content also decreased in soil with respect to control. Present study evaluates the effect of AMF in plant growth and phosphate solubilization.","PeriodicalId":122617,"journal":{"name":"NBU Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115587011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rice Germplasm: Source of Iron and Zinc for Nutritional Security","authors":"Subhasita Roy","doi":"10.55734/nbujps.2020.v12i01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2020.v12i01.003","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is the most important food crop, more than half (½) of the world’s population depends on it for their sustainable livelihood. Population growth is increasing day by day and it will reach more than > 9 billion by 2050, and to feed the overpopulation we need to produce nearly double amount of food grains to fulfil the demand. It was projected that Global rice yields and consumption rate will rise by 12% and 13% respectively by the year 2027 (FAO 2018). The Green Revolution has played a prime role in the 1960s -1970s to increase agricultural productivity worldwide to make many countries in food self-sufficiency leading to food secured world. The present situation is posing serious challenge for global food security in coming decades due to climate change, limited availability of arable land and water, more over other natural resources are continued to exhaustion. Rice is consumed as sole source of energy mainly in South and Southeast Asia, Africa, and Latin America which causes micronutrients deficiency leading to chronic malnutrition. Malnutrition due to inadequate intake of micronutrients mostly iron and zinc can lead to ‘Hidden Hunger’, which is responsible for many diseases. Important micronutrients Fe and Zn deficiencies in rice promoting the hidden hunger and causes anemia, stunted growth, poor cognitive development for iron deficiency and for zinc deficiency that causes reduced immunity, diarrhea, lesions on skin, mental lethargy. Approximately 2 billion people are suffering from malnutrition deficiencies for iron and zinc. Micronutrient elements Fe and Zn are available in various local rice varieties which ranged from 6.3-24.4 mg/kg Fe and 13.53- 58.4 mg/kg Zn. Biofortification of rice can assist to alleviate malnutrition associated diseases among the poor people those who are depended on rice as staple food for 40-70% daily caloric intake. Nutritional studies recommended that 24–28 mg/ kg Zn and 13 mg/ kg Fe concentration in polished grain is vital to attain the 30% of human estimated average requirement. Biofortification of cereal foods through conventional breeding can be a good opportunity to improve micronutrient deficiency in the diets. Wild rice accessions (Oryza rufipogon, O.nivara, O. latifolia and O. officinalis) may be used to improve the mineral nutrition in rice grain through breeding and conserve as important resources.","PeriodicalId":122617,"journal":{"name":"NBU Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114712952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of germination induced peptide pool in plant tissue culture","authors":"P. Mandal, T. K. Misra, A. Ghosh, P. K. Sircar","doi":"10.55734/nbujps.2009.v03i01.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2009.v03i01.010","url":null,"abstract":"Low molecular weight peptides (ranges from 3.0 KDa to 0.5 KDa) were extracted and purified from rice, wheat, chickpea and mungbean through cryocrushing, cold centrifugation, ether fractionation, cation and anion-exchange column chromatographic separation, lyophilisation and ultrafiltration. The profile of heterogeneous peptides was detected through one dimensional paper chromatography. Peptüde fractions isolated from different germination hours of mungbean enhanced mitotic index, more particularly prophase of root tip of Alium cepa L and excuted definite control over morphogenesis of excised and cotyledonary embryo culture of chick-pea seeds (Cicer arietinum L.). Restricted callogenesis in carrot pith culture was observed by the application of wheat peptides without any other hormones. Our speculation is that the peptides can mimic the action of hormone and behave as novel kind of bioactive molecule through which the physiological responses can be modulated.","PeriodicalId":122617,"journal":{"name":"NBU Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125432701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disease Management in Brassicaceae family through various biocontrol agents: A review","authors":"Chitra Kundu, Bijeta Rai, Rewaj Subba, P. Mathur","doi":"10.55734/nbujps.2021.v13i01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2021.v13i01.002","url":null,"abstract":"Biological control being an eco-friendly approach against phytopathogens holds a great potential in near future. Severity of chemical-based pesticides have resulted risk to mankind and the environment. The increasing demand for chemical free products all over the world promotes eco-friendly approach such as biological control as a replacement to chemical pesticides. Various bio-formulations of living organisms can be employed to control several plant pathogens. Studies have shown that bacteria, fungi and plants can act as an important source of biocontrol products and have shown positive results in both in-vitro and in-vivo conditions. This review will help us to provide insight towards the potential of various biological entities against major diseases in Brassicaceae along with mechanisms which might be useful in developing various bio-pesticides against plant pathogens for sustainable agriculture.","PeriodicalId":122617,"journal":{"name":"NBU Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125077312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}