Evidence Based Mental Health最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of a mental health drop-in centre offering brief transdiagnostic psychological assessment and treatment for children and adolescents with long-term physical conditions and their families: a single-arm, open, non-randomised trial.","authors":"Matteo Catanzano, Sophie D Bennett, Ellie Kerry, Holan Liang, Isobel Heyman, Anna E Coughtrey, Kate Fifield, Chloe Taylor, Tim Dalgleish, Laila Xu, Roz Shafran","doi":"10.1136/ebmental-2020-300197","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ebmental-2020-300197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children and young people with long-term physical conditions have significantly elevated mental health needs. Transdiagnostic, brief psychological interventions have the potential to increase access to evidence-based psychological treatments for patients who attend health services primarily for physical health needs.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>A non-randomised study was conducted to assess the impact of brief, transdiagnostic psychological interventions in children and young people presenting at a drop-in mental health centre in the reception area of a paediatric hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>186 participants attending a transdiagnostic mental health drop-in centre were allocated to assessment and psychological intervention based on a clinical decision-making algorithm. Interventions included signposting, guided self-help based on a modular psychological treatment and referral to the hospital's paediatric psychology service. The primary transdiagnostic mental health outcome measure was the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), which was given at baseline and 6 months post-baseline.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>There was a significant positive impact of attending the drop-in mental health centre on the SDQ (Cohen's d=0.22) and on the secondary outcome measure of Paediatric Quality of life (Cohen's d=0.55).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A mental health drop-in centre offering brief, transdiagnostic assessment and treatment may reduce emotional and behavioural symptoms and improve quality of life in children and young people with mental health needs in the context of long-term physical conditions. A randomised controlled trial to investigate the specificity of any effects is warranted.</p><p><strong>Clinical implications: </strong>Drop-in centres for mental health needs may increase access and have beneficial effects for children and young people with physical conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12233,"journal":{"name":"Evidence Based Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1a/bd/ebmental-2020-300197.PMC7958088.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10217652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review to examine the methods used to adapt evidence-based psychological treatments for adults diagnosed with a mental illness.","authors":"Allison G Harvey,&nbsp;Hannah S Lammers,&nbsp;Michael R Dolsen,&nbsp;Alice C Mullin,&nbsp;Heather E Hilmoe,&nbsp;Melanie Tran,&nbsp;Vera Portnova,&nbsp;Alison B Tuck,&nbsp;Ajitha Mallidi,&nbsp;Anya Fang,&nbsp;Caitlin Byrnes,&nbsp;Esther Kao,&nbsp;Colin Lee","doi":"10.1136/ebmental-2020-300225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2020-300225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Question: </strong>The context for the implementation of evidence-based psychological treatments (EBPTs) often differs from the context in which the treatment was developed, which necessitates adaptations. In this systematic review we build on, and add to, prior approaches by examining the method used to guide such adaptations. In particular, we sought to elucidate the extent to which an empirical process is used.</p><p><strong>Study selection and analysis: </strong>We focused on publications describing adaptations made to EBPTs for adults diagnosed with a mental illness. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase and Web of Science from database inception to July 2018. Two raters independently coded the articles for the method used to conduct the adaptation, the reason for and nature of the adaptation, and who made the adaptation.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The search produced 20 194 citations, which yielded 152 articles after screening. The most commonly used methods for planned adaptations were literature review (57.7%), clinical intuition (47.0%) and theory (38.9%). The use of data from stakeholder interviews ranked fourth (21.5%) and the use of other types of data (eg, pilot study, experiment, survey, interview) ranked last at fifth (12.1%). Few publications reporting ad hoc adaptations were identified (n=3).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review highlights a need to (a) educate providers and researchers to carefully consider the methods used for the treatment adaptation process, and to use empirical methods where possible and where appropriate, (b) improve the quality of reporting of stakeholder interviews and (c) develop reporting standards that articulate optimal methods for conducting treatment adaptations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12233,"journal":{"name":"Evidence Based Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8254592/pdf/ebmental-2020-300225.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39080572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From cognitive targets to symptom reduction: overview of attention and interpretation bias modification research.","authors":"Chelsea Dyan Gober,&nbsp;Amit Lazarov,&nbsp;Yair Bar-Haim","doi":"10.1136/ebmental-2020-300216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2020-300216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive bias modification (CBM) is a class of mechanised psychological interventions designed to target specific aberrant cognitive processes considered key in the aetiology and/or maintenance of specific psychiatric disorders. In this review, we outline a multistage translational process that allows tracking progress in CBM research. This process involves four steps: (1) the identification of reliable cognitive targets and establishing their association with specific disorders; (2) clinical translations designed to rectify the identified cognitive targets; (3) verification of effective target engagement and (4) testing of clinical utility in randomised controlled trials. Through the prism of this multistage process, we review progress in clinical CBM research in two cognitive domains: attention and interpretation; in six psychiatric conditions: anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, addictive disorders, eating disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The review highlights achievement as well as shortcomings of the CBM approach en route to becoming a recognised evidence-supported therapy for these disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12233,"journal":{"name":"Evidence Based Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/ebmental-2020-300216","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10214148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revived call for consensus in the future of psychotherapy.","authors":"Averi N Gaines,&nbsp;Marvin R Goldfried,&nbsp;Michael J Constantino","doi":"10.1136/ebmental-2020-300208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2020-300208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emblem of success in psychotherapy research and practice has long been innovation. Although such ingenuity is commendable, it has nonetheless perpetuated fragmentation across the field. At least four decades ago, it was suggested that achieving consensus on what constitutes psychotherapy's theoretical, empirical, and practical 'core' might allow the discipline to evolve beyond its siloed state, as is reflective of mature science. Yet, division remains the rule versus exception, owing in large part to power struggles among disparate schools of therapy and quarrels over whether theory-specific or theory-common factors most account for therapeutic change. We outline here a vision for psychotherapy's future that is defined by consensus rather than disintegration. Namely, we reiterate the need for the field to invest in clinical strategies that transcend ostensibly incompatible theoretical models. We also argue that psychotherapy research should build on the growing evidence for such clinical strategies in an effort to establish core, evidence-based principles of therapeutic change. We then discuss how establishing consensus will require reconciliation among the mounting evidence for flexible, principle-informed practice with the current realities of training, dissemination, and implementation paradigms. Finally, we articulate ways in which practicing clinicians will serve a vital role in carrying out, and amending as needed, actionable efforts toward psychotherapy consensus.</p>","PeriodicalId":12233,"journal":{"name":"Evidence Based Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/ebmental-2020-300208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10205787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"App-based guided problem-solving intervention for adolescent mental health: a pilot cohort study in Indian schools.","authors":"Pattie P Gonsalves,&nbsp;Eleanor Sara Hodgson,&nbsp;Bhargav Bhat,&nbsp;Rhea Sharma,&nbsp;Abhijeet Jambhale,&nbsp;Daniel Michelson,&nbsp;Vikram Patel","doi":"10.1136/ebmental-2020-300194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2020-300194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This paper describes the pilot evaluation of 'POD Adventures', a lay counsellor-guided problem-solving intervention delivered via a smartphone app in Indian secondary schools.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To test the feasibility and acceptability of POD Adventures for adolescents with a felt need for psychological support, and to explore the intervention's effects on self-reported mental health symptoms, prioritised problems, stress and well-being.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a mixed-methods pre-post cohort design. Participants were self-referred from grades 9-12 in two coeducational government-aided secondary schools in Goa, India. The intervention was delivered in two formats, 'mixed' (comprising individual and small group sessions) and 'group' (small group sessions only).</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>248 participants enrolled in the study and 230 (92.7%) completed the intervention. Outcomes at 4 weeks showed significant improvements on all measures that were maintained at 12 weeks. Large effects were observed on problem severity scores (4 weeks, d=1.47; 12 weeks, d=1.53) while small to moderate effects were seen on mental health symptoms, stress and well-being. 22 students completed qualitative interviews about their experience of the intervention. Participants found POD Adventures easy to use, engaging and helpful in solving their problems. They were satisfied with the guidance provided by the counsellor irrespective of delivery format.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>POD Adventures was feasible to deliver with guidance from lay counsellors in Indian schools, acceptable to participants and associated with large improvements in problem severity and mental health symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Clinical implications: </strong>POD Adventures has promise as an early intervention for adolescents with a felt need for psychological support in low-resource settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12233,"journal":{"name":"Evidence Based Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1136/ebmental-2020-300194","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38617515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moving from tradition-based to competence-based psychotherapy.","authors":"Winfried Rief","doi":"10.1136/ebmental-2020-300219","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ebmental-2020-300219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current education and training in psychological interventions is mostly based on different 'schools' (traditions such as cognitive-behavioural or psychodynamic therapy), and strong identification with these specific traditions continuously hinders a scientifically based development of psychotherapy. This review is selective rather than systematic and comprehensive. In addition to the consideration of other influential publications, we relied on a literature search in Web of Science using the following terms (update: 24 December 2020): (psychotherapy AND meta-analy* AND competence*). After summarising current problems, a pathway for solving these problems is presented. First, we have to recategorise psychological interventions according to the mechanisms and subgoals that are addressed. The interventions can be classified according to the foci: (1) skills acquisition (eg, communication, emotion regulation, mentalisation); (2) working with relationship patterns and using the therapeutic relationship to modify them; and (3) clarification of motives and goals. Afterwards, the training of psychotherapists can switch from focusing on one theoretical framework to learning the different competences for modification according to these new categories. The selection of topics to be addressed should follow best evidence-based mechanisms and processes of mental disorders and interventions. Psychology offers knowledge about these mechanisms that can be understood as a basic science for psychological treatments in general. This requires better connection with basic science, new research efforts that focus on treatment subgoals, theory-overarching optimisation of the selection and personalisation of treatments, and new types of training for psychotherapists that are designed to optimise therapists' competences accordingly, instead of limiting training programmes to one single theoretical framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":12233,"journal":{"name":"Evidence Based Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/21/d1/ebmental-2020-300219.PMC8311107.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10214157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polysaccharides and their bioactivity and biomedical applications","authors":"A. Duttaroy","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-822405-2.00010-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-822405-2.00010-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12233,"journal":{"name":"Evidence Based Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73482330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota and the immune system and inflammation","authors":"A. Duttaroy","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-822405-2.00031-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-822405-2.00031-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12233,"journal":{"name":"Evidence Based Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75693577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive lipids and their impacts on epigenetics","authors":"A. Duttaroy","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-822405-2.00026-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-822405-2.00026-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12233,"journal":{"name":"Evidence Based Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73700088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphenols and their impacts on the host epigenome and the gut microbiome","authors":"A. Duttaroy","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-822405-2.00002-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-822405-2.00002-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12233,"journal":{"name":"Evidence Based Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81959675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}