SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications最新文献

Integrated Ray Tracing (IRT) simulation of SCOTS measurement of GMT fast steering mirror surface 集成光线追踪(IRT)模拟GMT快速转向镜表面的苏格兰测量

SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications Pub Date : 2015-11-16 DOI: 10.1117/12.2188845

J. Choi, D. Ryu, Sug-Whan Kim, L. Graves, P. Su, R. Huang, Dae Wook Kim

{"title":"Integrated Ray Tracing (IRT) simulation of SCOTS measurement of GMT fast steering mirror surface","authors":"J. Choi, D. Ryu, Sug-Whan Kim, L. Graves, P. Su, R. Huang, Dae Wook Kim","doi":"10.1117/12.2188845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2188845","url":null,"abstract":"The Software Configurable Optical Testing System (SCOTS) is one of the newest testing methods for large mirror surfaces. The Integrated Ray Tracing (IRT) technique can be applicable to the SCOTS simulation by performing non-sequential ray tracing from the screen to the camera detector in the real scale. Therefore, the radiometry of distorted pattern images are numerically estimated by the IRT simulation module. In this study, we construct an IRT SCOTS simulation model for the Fast Steering Mirror Prototype (FSMP) surface of the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT). GMT FSMP is an off-axis ellipsoidal concave mirror that is 1064 mm in diameter and has PV 3.1 mm in aspheric departure. The surface error requirement is less than 20 nm rms. The screen is modeled as an array of 1366 by 768 screen pixels of 0.227 mm in pitch size. The screen is considered as a Lambertian scattering surface. The screen and the camera are positioned around 4390 mm away from the mirror and separated by around 132 mm from each other. The light source are scanning lines and sinusoidal patterns generated by 616,050 rays per one screen pixel. Of the initially generated rays, 0.22 % are received by the camera’s detector and contribute to form distorted pattern images. These images are converted to the slope and height maps of the mirror surface. The final result for the height difference between input surface and reconstructed surface was 14.14 nm rms. Additionally, the simulated mirror pattern image was compared with the real SCOTS test for the GMT FSMP. This study shows applicability of using the IRT model to SCOTS simulation with nanometer level numerical accuracy.","PeriodicalId":122150,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132056118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Advanced Mirror Technology Development (AMTD) thermal trade studies 先进镜面技术开发(AMTD)热贸易研究

SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications Pub Date : 2015-11-10 DOI: 10.1117/12.2188371

Thomas E. Brooks, P. Stahl, B. Arnold

引用次数: 22

South Atlantic anomaly and CubeSat design considerations 南大西洋异常和立方卫星设计考虑

SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications Pub Date : 2015-11-10 DOI: 10.1117/12.2190595

J. Fennelly, W. Johnston, D. Ober, G. Wilson, T. O'Brien, S. Huston

引用次数: 1

A new optical concentrator design and analysis for rooftop solar applications 一种用于屋顶太阳能应用的新型光学聚光器设计与分析

SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications Pub Date : 2015-10-21 DOI: 10.1117/12.2186477

Cheng Zheng, Qiyuan Li, G. Rosengarten, E. Hawkes, R. Taylor

引用次数: 11

Étendue-squeezing light injector Étendue-squeezing光注入器

SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications Pub Date : 2015-10-13 DOI: 10.1117/12.2189302

J. Chaves, S. Sorgato, P. Benítez, J. Miñano, W. Falicoff, R. Mohedano

引用次数: 0

OPSE metrology system onboard of the PROBA3 mission of ESA 欧空局PROBA3任务上的OPSE计量系统

SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications Pub Date : 2015-10-07 DOI: 10.1117/12.2191591

D. Loreggia, A. Bemporad, G. Capobianco, S. Fineschi, M. Focardi, F. Landini, G. Massone, G. Nicolini, M. Pancrazzi, M. Romoli, I. Cernica, M. Purica, E. Budianu, C. Thizy, E. Renotte, J. S. Servaye

{"title":"OPSE metrology system onboard of the PROBA3 mission of ESA","authors":"D. Loreggia, A. Bemporad, G. Capobianco, S. Fineschi, M. Focardi, F. Landini, G. Massone, G. Nicolini, M. Pancrazzi, M. Romoli, I. Cernica, M. Purica, E. Budianu, C. Thizy, E. Renotte, J. S. Servaye","doi":"10.1117/12.2191591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2191591","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, ESA has assessed several mission involving formation flying (FF). The great interest in this topics is mainly driven by the need for moving from ground to space the location of next generation astronomical telescopes overcoming most of the critical problems, as example the construction of huge baselines for interferometry. In this scenario, metrology systems play a critical role. PROBA3 is an ESA technology mission devoted to in-orbit demonstration of the FF technique, with two satellites, an occulter and a main satellite housing a coronagraph named ASPIICS, kept at an average inter-distance by about 144m, with micron scale accuracy. The guiding proposal is to test several metrology solution for spacecraft alignment, with the important scientific return of having observation of Corona at never reached before angular field. The Shadow Position Sensors (SPS), and the Optical Position Emitters Sensors (OPSE) are two of the systems used for FF fine tracking. The SPS are finalized to monitor the position of the two spacecraft with respect to the Sun and are discussed in dedicated papers presented in this conference. The OPSE will monitor the relative position of the two satellites and consists of 3 emitters positioned on the rear surface of the occulter, that will be observed by the coronagraph itself. By following the evolution of the emitters images at the focal plane the alignment of the two spacecrafts is retrieved via dedicated centroiding algoritm. We present an overview of the OPSE system and of the centroiding approach.","PeriodicalId":122150,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126446269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

The X-ray Surveyor Mission: a concept study x射线勘测任务:一个概念研究

SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications Pub Date : 2015-10-06 DOI: 10.1117/12.2190837

J. Gaskin, M. Weisskopf, A. Vikhlinin, H. Tananbaum, S. Bandler, M. Bautz, D. Burrows, A. Falcone, F. Harrison, R. Heilmann, S. Heinz, R. Hopkins, C. Kilbourne, C. Kouveliotou, R. Kraft, A. Kravtsov, R. McEntaffer, P. Natarajan, S. O’Dell, R. Petre, Z. Prieskorn, A. Ptak, B. Ramsey, P. Reid, A. Schnell, D. Schwartz, L. Townsley

{"title":"The X-ray Surveyor Mission: a concept study","authors":"J. Gaskin, M. Weisskopf, A. Vikhlinin, H. Tananbaum, S. Bandler, M. Bautz, D. Burrows, A. Falcone, F. Harrison, R. Heilmann, S. Heinz, R. Hopkins, C. Kilbourne, C. Kouveliotou, R. Kraft, A. Kravtsov, R. McEntaffer, P. Natarajan, S. O’Dell, R. Petre, Z. Prieskorn, A. Ptak, B. Ramsey, P. Reid, A. Schnell, D. Schwartz, L. Townsley","doi":"10.1117/12.2190837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2190837","url":null,"abstract":"NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory continues to provide an unparalleled means for exploring the high-energy universe. With its half-arcsecond angular resolution, Chandra studies have deepened our understanding of galaxy clusters, active galactic nuclei, galaxies, supernova remnants, neutron stars, black holes, and solar system objects. As we look beyond Chandra, it is clear that comparable or even better angular resolution with greatly increased photon throughput is essential to address ever more demanding science questions—such as the formation and growth of black hole seeds at very high redshifts; the emergence of the first galaxy groups; and details of feedback over a large range of scales from galaxies to galaxy clusters. Recently, we initiated a concept study for such a mission, dubbed X-ray Surveyor. The X-ray Surveyor strawman payload is comprised of a high-resolution mirror assembly and an instrument set, which may include an X-ray microcalorimeter, a high-definition imager, and a dispersive grating spectrometer and its readout. The mirror assembly will consist of highly nested, thin, grazing-incidence mirrors, for which a number of technical approaches are currently under development—including adjustable X-ray optics, differential deposition, and new polishing techniques applied to a variety of substrates. This study benefits from previous studies of large missions carried out over the past two decades and, in most areas, points to mission requirements no more stringent than those of Chandra.","PeriodicalId":122150,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124598451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 57

Lunar laser ranging and limits due to the Earth’s atmosphere 月球激光测距和限制由于地球的大气层

SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications Pub Date : 2015-10-06 DOI: 10.1117/12.2190834

D. Currie, I. Procházka

{"title":"Lunar laser ranging and limits due to the Earth’s atmosphere","authors":"D. Currie, I. Procházka","doi":"10.1117/12.2190834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2190834","url":null,"abstract":"The ultimate limits on high accuracy laser ranging to satellites from the ground appear to be caused by the effects of the earth’s atmosphere. Other impediments in terms of lasers, timing equipment and calibration seem to be evolving to the point of providing very high accuracy. We shall address the role of the earth’s atmosphere for lunar laser ranging. In the near future, the robotic deployment of next generation lunar laser retroreflectors is planned. With proper robotic deployment, these retroreflectors may support single photo-electron ranging accuracy at the 100 micron level or better. In particular, there are questions of the random and systematic delays and broadening of a very narrow laser pulse. Theoretical and experimental results will be discussed that address estimates of the magnitudes of these effects and the issue of precision vs. accuracy. These effects may be roughly divided into three domains: High frequency effects due to atmospheric turbulence, low frequency effects due to atmospheric “slopes” and atmospheric waves and tides and spectral dispersion of the narrow pulse. In conclusion, the route to better ranging through the earth’s atmosphere appears to be more advance modeling of local meteorological effects, in a program that can be implemented at a reasonable cost.","PeriodicalId":122150,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications","volume":"38 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114039655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Different atmospheric effects causing FSO link attenuation: experimental results and modelling in Czech Republic 引起FSO链路衰减的不同大气效应:捷克共和国的实验结果和模型

SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications Pub Date : 2015-10-06 DOI: 10.1117/12.2188348

O. Fiser, V. Brazda, O. Wilfert

引用次数: 3

Visual Signal Analysis: Focus on Texture Similarity (Presentation Recording) 视觉信号分析:关注纹理相似性(演示记录)

SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications Pub Date : 2015-10-05 DOI: 10.1117/12.2193656

T. Pappas

{"title":"Visual Signal Analysis: Focus on Texture Similarity (Presentation Recording)","authors":"T. Pappas","doi":"10.1117/12.2193656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2193656","url":null,"abstract":"Texture is an important visual attribute both for human perception and image analysis systems. We present new structural texture similarity metrics and applications that critically depend on such metrics, with emphasis on image compression and content-based retrieval. The new metrics account for human visual perception and the stochastic nature of textures. They rely entirely on local image statistics and allow substantial point-by-point deviations between textures that according to human judgment are similar or essentially identical. We also present new testing procedures for objective texture similarity metrics. We identify three operating domains for evaluating the performance of such similarity metrics: the top of the similarity scale, where a monotonic relationship between metric values and subjective scores is desired; the ability to distinguish between perceptually similar and dissimilar textures; and the ability to retrieve \"identical\" textures. Each domain has different performance goals and requires different testing procedures. Experimental results demonstrate both the performance of the proposed metrics and the effectiveness of the proposed subjective testing procedures.","PeriodicalId":122150,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114654570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0