Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy最新文献_第5页

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the utilization and quality of antibiotic use in the primary care setting in England, March 2019-March 2023: a segmented interrupted time series analysis of over 53 million individuals. COVID-19 大流行对 2019 年 3 月至 2023 年 3 月英格兰初级医疗机构抗生素使用情况和质量的影响：对 5300 多万人进行的分段间断时间序列分析。

IF 4.2 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2368816

Amanj Kurdi, Najla Al Mutairi, Kirmanj Baker, Karwan M-Amen, Omeed Darweesh, Hardee Karwi, Andrew Seaton, Jacqueline Sneddon, Brian Godman

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the utilization and quality of antibiotic use in the primary care setting in England, March 2019-March 2023: a segmented interrupted time series analysis of over 53 million individuals.","authors":"Amanj Kurdi, Najla Al Mutairi, Kirmanj Baker, Karwan M-Amen, Omeed Darweesh, Hardee Karwi, Andrew Seaton, Jacqueline Sneddon, Brian Godman","doi":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2368816","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2368816","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, we evaluated the short-term impact of COVID-19 on antibiotic use in primary care in England, focusing on both antibiotic quantity (overuse) and quality (misuse) of use.Research design and methods: A population-based segmented interrupted analysis was applied on monthly dispensed antibiotics prescriptions using the Prescription Cost Analysis dataset (March/2019-March/2023). The quantity was assessed using number of items dispensed per 1000 inhabitants (NTI) and defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID), while quality was evaluated using WHO's Access Watch Reserve (AWaRe) classification, the proportion of '4C' antibiotics and the percentage of broad- to narrow-spectrum antibiotics.Results: Findings indicate 8.6 (17.2%) and 0.4 (2.6%) increase in the NTI and DID, respectively, with a statistically significant uptick in trend noted after the second lockdown (β5) for 'total antibiotics' for NTI only (β5 = 1.6; 95% CI:0.17, 3.1). Quality assessment showed an increase in 'Access' antibiotics from 77% in March/2019 to 86% in March/2023; however, COVID-19 had no significant impact on WHO AWaRe classes.Conclusion: COVID-19's impact on antibiotic use quality and quantity appeared to be minimal, though an increase in utilization post-second lockdown coincided with healthcare system recovery. This suggests a nuanced impact of the pandemic, highlighting the importance of continued antimicrobial stewardship.","PeriodicalId":12213,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1251-1262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141467288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potentially effective antimicrobial treatment for pneumonia caused by isolates of carbapenem-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii complex species: what can we expect in the future? 针对耐碳青霉烯类和广泛耐药鲍曼不动杆菌复合菌种分离物引起的肺炎的潜在有效抗菌治疗：未来可期？

IF 4.2 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2412637

Shio-Shin Jean, Chia-Ying Liu, Tzu-Yu Huang, Chih-Cheng Lai, I-Min Liu, Po-Chuen Hsieh, Po-Ren Hsueh

{"title":"Potentially effective antimicrobial treatment for pneumonia caused by isolates of carbapenem-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii complex species: what can we expect in the future?","authors":"Shio-Shin Jean, Chia-Ying Liu, Tzu-Yu Huang, Chih-Cheng Lai, I-Min Liu, Po-Chuen Hsieh, Po-Ren Hsueh","doi":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2412637","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2412637","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acinetobacter baumannii complex (Abc) is currently a significant cause of difficult-to-treat pneumonia. Due to the high prevalence rates of carbapenem- and extensively drug-resistant (CR, XDR) phenotypes, limited antibiotic options are available for the effective treatment of pneumonia caused by CR/XDR-Abc.Areas covered: In vitro susceptibility data, relevant pharmacokinetic profiles (especially the penetration ratios from plasma into epithelial-lining fluid), and pharmacodynamic indices of key antibiotics against CR/XDR-Abc are reviewed.Expert opinion: Doubling the routine intravenous maintenance dosages of conventional tigecycline (100 mg every 12 h) and minocycline (200 mg every 12 h) might be recommended for the effective treatment of pneumonia caused by CR/XDR-Abc. Nebulized polymyxin E, novel parenteral rifabutin BV100, and new polymyxin derivatives (SPR206, MRX-8, and QPX9003) could be considered supplementary combination options with other antibiotic classes. Regarding other novel antibiotics, the potency of sulbactam-durlobactam (1 g/1 g infused over 3 h every 6 h intravenously) combined with imipenem-cilastatin, and the β-lactamase inhibitor xeruborbactam, is promising. Continuous infusion of full-dose cefiderocol is likely an effective treatment regimen for CR/XDR-Abc pneumonia. Zosurabalpin exhibits potent anti-CR/XDR-Abc activity in vitro, but its practical use in clinical therapy remains to be evaluated. The clinical application of antimicrobial peptides and bacteriophages requires validation.","PeriodicalId":12213,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1171-1187"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is self-medication with antibiotics among the public a global concern: a mixed-methods systematic review. 公众自行使用抗生素是否是全球关注的问题：混合方法系统综述。

IF 4.2 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2419607

Tenghao Wang, Jianxiong Wu, Jinxi Li, Pengfei Zhou, Qinnan Li, Xiaomin Xu, Yanhong Gong, Xiaoxv Yin

{"title":"Is self-medication with antibiotics among the public a global concern: a mixed-methods systematic review.","authors":"Tenghao Wang, Jianxiong Wu, Jinxi Li, Pengfei Zhou, Qinnan Li, Xiaomin Xu, Yanhong Gong, Xiaoxv Yin","doi":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2419607","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2419607","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Irrational use of antibiotics is a major driver of antimicrobial resistance. Self-medication with antibiotics (SMA) may exacerbate antimicrobial resistance in the community without professional diagnosis by physicians, due to the complexity of the pharmacological mechanisms. There is still a lack of assessment of the global prevalence of SMA. We have evaluated the global prevalence of SMA and its associated factors, which could provide more reliable data to support global action.Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and EBSCO CINAHL Plus. Quantitative studies were combined using meta-analysis with random-effects models, and qualitative synthesis was performed using interpretive meta-ethnographic methods.Results: A total of 242 studies were included in this study. The pooled prevalence of SMA was 27.7% (95%CI: 24.9%-30.5%). Quantitative studies indicate that high income level, having family members working in the healthcare system, storing antibiotics at home, and purchasing antibiotics without prescriptions were associated with a greater likelihood of SMA. Qualitative findings revealed the following four factors: individual characteristics, healthcare, pharmacy, and social networks.Conclusions: The prevalence of global SMA among the public remains high level. Multisectoral and community-based interventions are needed to reduce SMA, including targeted health education, improved access to healthcare, and regulation of antibiotics sales in pharmacies.Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42023402206).","PeriodicalId":12213,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1199-1208"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the efficacy of carbon nanodots derived from curcumin on infectious diseases. 评估姜黄素衍生的碳纳米点对传染病的疗效。

IF 4.2 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2409401

Mahendra Rai, Avinash P Ingle, Gréta Törős, József Prokisch

{"title":"Assessing the efficacy of carbon nanodots derived from curcumin on infectious diseases.","authors":"Mahendra Rai, Avinash P Ingle, Gréta Törős, József Prokisch","doi":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2409401","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2409401","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The threat of new, emerging, and multidrug-resistant microbes is increasing which has created the necessity for new antimicrobials. In this regard, nanotechnology can be an alternative for the treatment of infectious microbes. Curcumin has been used since ancient times as antimicrobials; however, it has limitations due to its less aqueous solubility, bioavailability, and biocompatibility. This problem can be solved by curcumin-derived carbon nanodots, which are emerging antimicrobials of <10 nm size, water-soluble, biocompatible, less toxic, and fluorescent.Areas covered: The review discusses the application of curcumin-derived carbon nanodots against various pathogenic microbes including bacteria and dreaded viruses like SARS-CoV-2. In addition, the role of curcumin carbon nanodots in biolabelling of pathogenic microbes, mechanism of action, bioimaging, and therapy has been critically examined.Expert opinion: Carbon nanodots play an important role in combating pathogenic microbes by early diagnosis, bioimaging, nanocarrier for antimicrobial drugs, and therapy of infectious diseases. Curcumin carbon nanodots have already demonstrated their benefits of being water soluble, bioavailable, and biocompatible. However, more thorough research is needed to understand the efficacy and safety of curcumin carbon nanodots. In the future, curcumin-derived carbon nanodots can be used as alternative antimicrobial agents to fight microbial infections including multidrug-resistant microbes.","PeriodicalId":12213,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1107-1121"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The opportunities and challenges of epigenetic approaches to manage herpes simplex infections. 采用表观遗传学方法控制单纯疱疹病毒感染的机遇与挑战。

IF 4.2 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2420329

Sarah M Saddoris, Luis M Schang

{"title":"The opportunities and challenges of epigenetic approaches to manage herpes simplex infections.","authors":"Sarah M Saddoris, Luis M Schang","doi":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2420329","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2420329","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Despite the existence of antivirals that potently and efficiently inhibit the replication of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1, -2), their ability to establish and maintain, and reactivate from, latency has precluded the development of curative therapies. Several groups are exploring the opportunities of targeting epigenetic regulation to permanently silence latent HSV genomes or induce their simultaneous reactivation in the presence of antivirals to flush the latent reservoirs, as has been explored for HIV.Areas covered: This review covers the basic principles of epigenetic regulation with an emphasis on those mechanisms relevant to the regulation of herpes simplex viruses, as well as the current knowledge on the regulation of lytic infections and the establishment and maintenance of, and reactivation from, latency, with an emphasis on epigenetic regulation. The differences with the epigenetic regulation of viral and cellular gene expression are highlighted as are the effects of known epigenetic regulators on herpes simplex viruses. The major limitations of current models to the development of novel antiviral strategies targeting latency are highlighted.Expert opinion: We provide an update on the epigenetic regulation during lytic and latent HSV-1 infection, highlighting the commonalities and differences with cellular gene expression and the potential of epigenetic drugs as antivirals, including the opportunities, challenges, and potential future directions.","PeriodicalId":12213,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1123-1142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11634640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical effectiveness of oral antivirals for non-hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients aged 18-60 years. 口服抗病毒药物对 18-60 岁非住院成人 COVID-19 患者的临床疗效。

IF 4.2 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2419579

Wan-Hsuan Hsu, Bo-Wen Shiau, Ya-Wen Tsai, Jheng-Yan Wu, Ting-Hui Liu, Po-Yu Huang, Min-Hsiang Chuang, Chih-Cheng Lai

{"title":"Clinical effectiveness of oral antivirals for non-hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients aged 18-60 years.","authors":"Wan-Hsuan Hsu, Bo-Wen Shiau, Ya-Wen Tsai, Jheng-Yan Wu, Ting-Hui Liu, Po-Yu Huang, Min-Hsiang Chuang, Chih-Cheng Lai","doi":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2419579","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2419579","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of oral antiviral agents - nirmatrelvir - ritonavir or molnupiravir in non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients aged < 60 years.Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed data of patients aged 18-60 years diagnosed with COVID-19 between 1 January 2022, and 30 June 2023. Propensity score matching was used to balance the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients receiving oral antivirals (nirmatrelvir - ritonavir or molnupiravir) and untreated controls. The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause emergency department visits, hospitalizations, or mortality within 30 days. The secondary outcomes included each individual component of the primary composite outcome.Results: Two matched cohorts (antiviral group and control group) comprising 52,585 patients with balanced baseline characteristics were created using propensity score-matching. During follow-up period, the antiviral group demonstrated a lower risk of the primary outcome than the control group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.772, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.736-0.808, p < 0.001). The antiviral group also exhibited a reduced risk of individual secondary outcomes, including emergency department visits (HR 0.780, 95% CI, 0.738-0.825), hospitalization (HR 0.755, 95% CI, 0.715-0.840), and mortality (HR 0.297, 95% CI, 0.147-0.600).Conclusion: Oral antiviral agents were associated with lower risks of all-cause emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and mortality in non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients aged < 60 years.","PeriodicalId":12213,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1229-1237"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Management of calcified cysticerci in the brain parenchyma: treating the dead parasite. 脑实质内钙化囊尾蚴的治疗：治疗死亡的寄生虫。

IF 4.2 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2409404

Oscar H Del Brutto

{"title":"Management of calcified cysticerci in the brain parenchyma: treating the dead parasite.","authors":"Oscar H Del Brutto","doi":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2409404","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2409404","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Calcifications are the end stage of many parenchymal brain cysticerci and may occur either spontaneously or as the result of treatment with cysticidal drugs. These lesions, traditionally considered inert and asymptomatic, have been associated with several complications that seem to be mostly related to brain damage and inflammation ensuing as the result of the exposure of the host's immune system to parasitic antigens trapped within calcifications.Areas covered: This review, based on the search of different electronic databases up to May 2024, focuses on the reported correlates and complications of calcified cysticerci (chronic headaches, seizures/epilepsy, hippocampal atrophy/sclerosis, gliomas), and the different interventions developed for their prevention and treatment. Common analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, and antiseizure medications have been used with success but, with the exception of the latter, these drugs offer temporary relief of symptoms and support for their use is based on level 3 evidence.Expert opinion: Several strategies may reduce the severity of clinical consequences of calcified cysticerci. Probably, the most relevant intervention would be the prevention of their occurrence or reduction in their size. In this view, the use of bisphosphonates appears as a potential option that needs to be tested in humans.","PeriodicalId":12213,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1073-1084"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential activity of nanomaterials to combat SARS-CoV-2 and mucormycosis ‎coinfection‎. 纳米材料抗击 SARS-CoV-2 和 Mucormycosis 合并感染的潜在活性。

IF 4.2 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2423359

Chinmaya Mahapatra, Sakshi Jadhav, Prasoon Kumar, Dijendra Nath Roy, Awanish Kumar, Manash K Paul

{"title":"Potential activity of nanomaterials to combat SARS-CoV-2 and mucormycosis ‎coinfection‎.","authors":"Chinmaya Mahapatra, Sakshi Jadhav, Prasoon Kumar, Dijendra Nath Roy, Awanish Kumar, Manash K Paul","doi":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2423359","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2423359","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mucormycosis, popularly known as the black fungus, has become a worldwide concern in the continuing COVID-19 pandemic, causing increased morbidity and death in immunocompromised people. Due to multi-drug resistance and the limited number of antifungals, surgical interventions, ‎including the excision of infected tissue, remain a standard treatment option‎. Surgical treatment usually results in the loss of organs or their function, long-term intensive care, and a significant risk of reinfection during the procedure. A comprehensive approach is needed to treat the disease, and nanomaterials can be a powerful alternative therapeutic approach.Areas covered: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar with the keywords 'emerging role of nanomaterials,' and 'combating COVID-19-related mucormycosis,' and reviewed the related research paper. Antifungal nanomaterials and their delivery can significantly impact the treatment of COVID-19-related fungal infections like mucormycosis. However, the therapeutic options for mucormycosis are limited and drug resistance is also reported.Expert opinion: The current review encompasses a detailed overview of the recent developments in antifungal/antiviral nanomaterials and the properties of these therapeutic nanomaterials that may contribute to formulating an efficient strategy against invasive mucormycosis. Further extensive research is needed to develop nano-based therapeutics for the management of mucormycosis-viral coinfection with a definitive end-point.","PeriodicalId":12213,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1143-1155"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent updates in treating carbapenem-resistant infections in patients with hematological malignancies. 治疗血液恶性肿瘤患者耐碳青霉烯类感染的最新进展。

IF 4.2 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-29 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2408746

Abdullah Tarık Aslan, Murat Akova

{"title":"Recent updates in treating carbapenem-resistant infections in patients with hematological malignancies.","authors":"Abdullah Tarık Aslan, Murat Akova","doi":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2408746","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2408746","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Patients with hematological malignancies (PHMs) are at increased risk for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant organisms (CROs) due to frequent exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics and prolonged hospital stays. These infections result in high mortality and morbidity rates along with delays in chemotherapy, longer hospitalizations, and increased health care costs.Areas covered: Treatment alternatives for CRO infections in PHMs.Expert opinion: The best available treatment option for KPC and OXA-48 producers is ceftazidime/avibactam. Imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam and meropenem/vaborbactam remain as the alternative options. They can also be used as salvage therapy in KPC-positive Enterobacterales infections resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam, if in vitro susceptibility is shown. Treatment of metallo-β-lactamase producers is an unmet need. Ceftazidime/avibactam plus aztreonam or aztreonam/avibactam seems to be the most reliable option for metallo-β-lactamase producers. As a first-line option for carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, ceftolozane/tazobactam is preferable and ceftazidime/avibactam and imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam constitute alternative regimens. Although sulbactam/durlobactam is the most reliable option against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections, its utility as monotherapy and in PHMs is not yet known. Cefiderocol can be selected as a 'last-resort' option for CRO infections. New risk score models supported by artificial intelligence algorithms can be used to predict the exact risk of infections in previously colonized patients.","PeriodicalId":12213,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1055-1071"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) to Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF): Perspectives in Pediatric Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B. 从富马酸替诺福韦二吡呋酯（TDF）到替诺福韦阿拉非酰胺（TAF）：儿科患者的视角。

IF 4.2 2区医学

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2412991

Minna Rodrigo, Christopher Hartley, Paul Wasuwanich, Trung Van, Wikrom Karnsakul

{"title":"From Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) to Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF): Perspectives in Pediatric Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B.","authors":"Minna Rodrigo, Christopher Hartley, Paul Wasuwanich, Trung Van, Wikrom Karnsakul","doi":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2412991","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14787210.2024.2412991","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) affects hundreds of millions globally, with many cases stemming from perinatal transmission. Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in children can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in adulthood. Treatment options include interferons and nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (N[t]RTIs) such as tenofovir alafenamide (TAF).Areas covered: This review covers the epidemiology of pediatric CHB and current treatments, with a focus on tenofovir-based therapies, particularly tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and TAF. TDF has been used for years, but its risks of bone mineral density loss and renal impairment have raised concerns. TAF, with lower systemic exposure, appears to mitigate these risks. Ongoing trials are evaluating TAF's safety in younger children. There are knowledge gaps in long-term safety and the potential for combination therapies.Expert opinion: TAF offers a safer alternative to TDF for children with CHB, showing high antiviral efficacy and fewer side effects. However, more data are needed on its use in younger children and long-term safety. The future of CHB treatment in pediatrics may include combination therapies and personalized approaches, potentially improving outcomes and minimizing risks over a lifetime of treatment. As research progresses, TAF is likely to become a cornerstone in pediatric CHB management.","PeriodicalId":12213,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1099-1106"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0