Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics最新文献

{"title":"Risk-Adapted Starting Ages of Colorectal Cancer Screening for People With Diabetes or Metabolic Syndrome","authors":"Teresa Seum, Michael Hoffmeister, Hermann Brenner","doi":"10.1111/apt.18435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18435","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals with diabetes and metabolic syndrome have an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), suggesting earlier screening than the average-risk population may be warranted.","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Trial: Safety and Efficacy of a Novel Oesophageal Delivery System for Topical Corticosteroids Versus Placebo in the Treatment of Eosinophilic Oesophagitis","authors":"Alfredo J. Lucendo, Óscar Nantes-Castillejo, Alex Straumann, Luc Biedermann, Albert J. Bredenoord, Danila Guagnozzi, Leonardo Blas-Jhon, Anna Wiechowska-Kozlowska, Simon Weidlich, Ulrike von Arnim, Cecilio Santander-Vaquero, Antonia Perelló, Isabel Pérez-Martínez, Jesús Barrio, Michael Vieth, Ghazaleh Gouya, Evan S. Dellon","doi":"10.1111/apt.18443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18443","url":null,"abstract":"EsoCap is a thin mucoadhesive film designed to target the oesophageal mucosa. The device loaded with mometasone furoate (ESO-101) is under investigation for the treatment of eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE).","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Targeting the Future of Eosinophilic Oesophagitis Management","authors":"Luisa Bertin, Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino","doi":"10.1111/apt.18449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18449","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, immune/antigen-mediated condition characterised by eosinophil-dominated inflammation of the oesophagus, leading to dysphagia and oesophageal dysfunction [<span>1</span>]. Despite advancements in diagnosis and treatment, EoE management remains challenging due to its chronicity and high relapse rates after treatment discontinuation [<span>2</span>].</p>\u0000<p>Recent innovations, including novel drug delivery systems and biologic therapies, offer new avenues for improving patient outcomes. The Phase II randomised clinical trial (RCT) of ESO-101, a mucoadhesive delivery system for mometasone furoate, represents a pivotal step towards precision medicine in EoE [<span>3</span>]. This approach allows for localised drug delivery to the oesophageal mucosa, minimising systemic side effects. This study demonstrated significant histologic and endoscopic improvements with ESO-101. Peak eosinophil counts decreased by 49.1 per high-power field on ESO-101 compared with a 6.6 increase on placebo (<i>p</i> = 0.0318). Additionally, endoscopic appearance as defined by the Eosinophilic Esophagitis Endoscopic Reference Score (EREFS) improved, with a median decrease from 7 to 4 in the treatment group, while the placebo group showed no significant change (<i>p</i> = 0.001). However, relief of dysphagia and odynophagia was comparable in both groups, underscoring the complex nature of EoE and, probably, the difficulties of assessing clinical outcome according to current methods [<span>4</span>].</p>\u0000<p>This discordance between clinical and histological outcomes observed in the ESO-101 study aligns with findings from other RCTs investigating lirentelimab, benralizumab, mepolizumab and reslizumab, where a positive histological outcome was reached despite symptom persistence. Despite these complexities, regulatory authorities continue to mandate eosinophil reduction as a co-primary endpoint for registration trials [<span>5</span>]. Moreover, these discrepancies highlight that symptom perception in EoE is influenced not only by eosinophilic inflammation but also by structural remodelling, adaptive behaviours and psychological factors, such as hypervigilance and anxiety [<span>6, 7</span>]. Moreover, prior oesophageal dilation procedures can affect symptom trajectories during therapy, introducing variability in clinical outcomes [<span>8</span>]. Furthermore, while eosinophils are key diagnostic and therapeutic markers, they are part of a larger inflammatory cascade that includes Th<sub>2</sub> cells, mast cells, cytokines and other mediators that could contribute to symptom persistence. These observations highlight the importance of addressing both physiological and psychological aspects of the disease.</p>\u0000<p>The expanding treatment landscape for EoE includes proton pump inhibitors, elimination diets, topical corticosteroids and biologic like dupilumab, offering diverse pathways to remission [<span>9, 10</span>]. However, several","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Message From the Editors","authors":"Colin W. Howden, Rohit Loomba","doi":"10.1111/apt.18404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18404","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Welcome to the first edition of <i>AP&T</i> for 2025.</p>\u0000<p>Between 1 January and 30 September 2024, we received 1497 submissions excluding editorials and letters. We ultimately accepted 171, giving us an acceptance rate of 11.4%, an increase of 1.1% over the preceding year. We continue to be as objective as possible, making decisions based on the quality of submissions and their likely relevance to the readership, and attempting to maintain a balance between hepatology and ‘luminal’ gastroenterology. For some authors whose papers we are unable to accept, we now offer the option of transfer to the <i>United European Gastroenterology Journal</i> or <i>Neurogastroenterology and Motility</i>.</p>\u0000<p>Peter Gibson retired from <i>AP&T</i> in 2024 and was replaced by Jason Tye-Din. Gideon Hirschfeld and Vincent Wong have moved from <i>AP&T</i> to Associate Editor positions at the <i>Journal of Hepatology</i>. They have been replaced by, respectively, Palak Trivedi and Daniel Huang. We thank Peter, Gideon and Vincent for all their efforts on behalf of <i>AP&T</i> and wish Gideon and Vincent well in their new editorial roles.</p>\u0000<p>Our 2-year impact factor for 2023 decreased from 7.6 to 6.6. That put us in 18th place among 143 journals in our field. Here, we list the 10 papers published in 2023, which were most highly cited in 2024 [<span>1-10</span>]. Between 1 October 2023 and 30 September 2024, there were 2,019,189 individual downloads. Our 10 most frequently downloaded papers are listed here [<span>11-20</span>]. IBD and steatotic liver disease continue to be our most popular topics. We congratulate the authors of our most cited [<span>1-10</span>] and most downloaded [<span>11-20</span>] papers.</p>\u0000<p>We welcome focused up-to-date review articles of important clinical topics and rapidly evolving issues. Authors with an idea for a review article are welcome to contact us to discuss its content and range. We also hope to continue to attract high-quality original research in digestive and liver disease. While we are unable to accept many of the original articles that we receive, we will continue to provide authors with a rapid editorial decision and—for those whose papers are sent for peer review—a scrupulously fair and transparent review process.</p>\u0000<p><img alt=\"image\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/cms/asset/5dffb67b-f21b-44a0-9ce7-a7181bc2fc4a/apt18404-gra-0001.png\"/></p>\u0000<p>Colin W. Howden</p>\u0000<p><img alt=\"image\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/cms/asset/f99222ef-03d0-4149-b6ad-35bce18ddc10/apt18404-gra-0002.png\"/></p>\u0000<p>Rohit Loomba</p>\u0000<p>As always, we thank the associate editors, the International Editorial Advisory Board members and our dedicated peer reviewers. Their contributions are key to <i>AP&T</i>'s success. As per our mission statement, we aim ‘<i>… to publish high quality, clinically relevant original research and review articles in gastroenterology and hepatology</i>’. Please feel free to contact us with suggestions on how we m","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AP&T: Editors' Declarations of Interest","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/apt.18389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18389","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000<i>Professor C. W. Howden, Editor</i>\u0000</p>\u0000<p>Professor Howden is a consultant/speaker for Phathom Pharmaceuticals, consultant/speaker for RedHill Biopharma, consultant/speaker for Meridian Diagnostics and consultant for Sebela/Braintree. He owns stock in Antibe Therapeutics and has stock options in EndoStim.</p>\u0000<p>\u0000<i>Professor R. Loomba, Editor</i>\u0000</p>\u0000<p>Professor Loomba serves as a consultant to Aardvark Therapeutics, Altimmune, Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Cascade Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Glympse bio, Inipharma, Intercept, Inventiva, Ionis, Janssen Inc. Lipidio, Madrigal, Neurobo, Novo Nordisk, Merck, Pfizer, Sagimet, 89 bio, Takeda, Terns Pharmaceuticals and Viking Therapeutics. He has stock options in Sagimet biosciences. In addition, his institution received research grants from Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals, Astrazeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Galectin Therapeutics, Gilead, Intercept, Hanmi, Intercept, Inventiva, Ionis, Janssen, Madrigal Pharmaceuticals, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Sonic Incytes and Terns Pharmaceuticals. He is also the co-founder of LipoNexus Inc.</p>\u0000<p>\u0000<i>Professor A. C. Ford, Associate Editor</i>\u0000</p>\u0000<p>Professor Ford has received grant/research support from GE Healthcare and Tillotts Pharma, and acted as a consultant/speaker for Dr. Falk, GE Healthcare, Sandoz and Takeda Pharmaceuticals.</p>\u0000<p>\u0000<i>Professor G. M. Dusheiko, Associate Editor</i>\u0000</p>\u0000<p>Professor Dusheiko serves on independent data safety monitoring boards for Aligos, Arbutus, Glaxo Smith Kline, Janssen and Gilead. In the past 2 years, he has received honoraria from Arbutus, Antios, Aligos and Gilead Sciences and he serves as an advisor to the National Medical Research Council, Singapore, the TherVacB Consortium (European Horizon Grant) and the A-Tango Consortium (EUH2020 grant).</p>\u0000<p>\u0000<i>Professor G. L.-H. Wong, Associate Editor</i>\u0000</p>\u0000<p>Professor Wong has served as an advisory committee member for AstraZeneca, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline and Janssen, as a speaker for Abbott, AbbVie, Ascletis Pharmaceuticals, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Echosens, Ferring, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen and Roche and received research grants from Gilead Sciences.</p>\u0000<p>\u0000<i>Professor R. B. Gearry, Associate Editor</i>\u0000</p>\u0000<p>Professor Gearry is, or has been, a member of advisory boards for AbbVie, Janssen, Schering-Plough, Zespri, Baxter and Celltrion. He has received honoraria or travel grants from AbbVie, Janssen, Schering Plough, Zespri, Ferring and Celltrion. He has received research grants for investigator-initiated studies from AbbVie, Janssen, Goodman-Fielder, Comvita and Zespri.</p>\u0000<p>\u0000<i>Professor C. H. Seow, Associate Editor</i>\u0000</p>\u0000<p>Professor Seow is a member of advisory boards for Abbvie, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celltrion, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, Janssen, Lilly, Pfizer, Pharmascience, Sandoz, Sanofi, Shire and Takeda and has been a speaker for Abbvie, Fresenius Kabi, Jans","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Outcomes of an Infliximab-First Versus Vedolizumab-First Treatment Strategy in Biologic-Naïve Patients With Ulcerative Colitis","authors":"Austin Haynesworth, Kuan-Hung Yeh, Han Hee Lee, Melissa Kirkpatrick, Brigid S. Boland, Gaurav Syal, Ronghui Xu, Siddharth Singh","doi":"10.1111/apt.18441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18441","url":null,"abstract":"Although studies have compared on-treatment effectiveness of infliximab and vedolizumab in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), there has been limited comparison of treatment sequencing and long-term patient-centred outcomes.","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autoimmune Hepatitis and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Nationwide Perspective","authors":"Yassine Kilani, Saqr Alsakarneh, Mahmoud Y. Madi, Daniel Alejandro Gonzalez Mosquera, Mariana Nunes Ferreira, Fouad Jaber, John Helzberg, Nikki Duong, Wing-Kin Syn","doi":"10.1111/apt.18438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18438","url":null,"abstract":"Vitamin D deficiency is linked to worse outcomes in patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD). However, data in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) remain limited.","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-Hospital Screening Campaign Against Hepatitis C Could Be Effective for Identifying More Patients Who Still Need Treatment","authors":"Alberto Ferrarese, Paola Zanaga, Sara Battistella, Silvia Zanella, Teresa Zappitelli, Caterina Boldrin, Monia Pacenti, Margherita Cattai, Greta Bordignon, Federica Gomiero, Magdalena Epifani, Marco Villano, Martina Gambato, Alberto Zanetto, Nora Cazzagon, Liliana Chemello, Francesca Pasin, Lorenzo Calò, Andrea Doria, Livio Trentin, Sabino Illiceto, Angelo Avogaro, Francesca Venturini, Paolo Simioni, Paolo Angeli, Michele Tessarin, Patrizia Burra, Annamaria Cattelan, Francesco Paolo Russo","doi":"10.1111/apt.18433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18433","url":null,"abstract":"Screening programmes for the detection of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and positive viral load have been developed in many countries to achieve the World Health Organization's goal of HCV elimination by 2030. In Italy, a phased screening programme starting with individuals born between 1969 and 1989 has been implemented.","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter: Should HBV Therapy Be Stopped Based on HBsAg Level Alone? Authors' Reply","authors":"Asgeir Johannessen, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Olav Dalgard","doi":"10.1111/apt.18439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18439","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We thank Khan et al. for thorough and critical reading of our article “An open-label, randomized trial of different re-start strategies after treatment withdrawal in HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B” [<span>1</span>]. Here, we would like to comment on some of the issues raised in their Letter [<span>2</span>].</p>\u0000<p>As Khan et al. points out, two-thirds of the study participants in our Nuc-Stop Study had end-of-treatment HBsAg levels above 1000 IU/mL and none of these achieved the primary endpoint of HBsAg loss 36 months after nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) withdrawal. This is in line with results from the RETRACT-B and CREATE studies, both of which were performed after our study was initiated [<span>3, 4</span>]. When we designed our study, the two available reports on frequency of HBsAg loss after NA withdrawal indicated approximately 20% chance of HBsAg loss after 3 years, but these studies did not study the impact of end-of-treatment HBsAg levels [<span>5, 6</span>]. More recent studies have found lower rates of HBsAg loss, ranging from 5% to 10% 3 years after NA withdrawal, and a clear correlation with end-of-treatment HBsAg levels [<span>3, 4, 7</span>]. Therefore, studies attempting to further elucidate the optimal re-treatment strategy after NA withdrawal should restrict enrollment to patients with HBsAg level below 1000 IU/mL, and even lower in patients of Asian ethnicity with HBV genotypes B/C.</p>\u0000<p>Khan et al. correctly point out that NA withdrawal is not without risks. In our study, 25.4% of patients in the high-threshold arm and 14.1% in the low-threshold arm experienced severe medical events as defined by the study protocol; however, most of these episodes were considered unrelated to NA withdrawal. In total, 40.2% of the study participants experienced clinical relapse (HBV DNA > 2000 IU/mL and ALT > 80 U/L) but only 9.4% had a severe flare (ALT > 800 U/L), and none developed signs or symptoms of hepatic decompensation. More recently, we have shown that HBsAg level is a strong predictor of hepatic flares [<span>8</span>], consistent with findings from the RETRACT-B study [<span>9</span>].</p>\u0000<p>We agree that to tailor the treatment strategy for the individual patient with chronic hepatitis B, better biomarkers are warranted, both to identify patients likely to achieve a functional cure after NA withdrawal, and also to pinpoint those at increased risk of severe hepatic flares. We are currently assessing HBV RNA and hepatitis B core related antigen (HBcrAg) in stored samples from patients in the Nuc-Stop Study to assess the diagnostic and prognostic performance of these two novel markers.</p>\u0000<p>Stopping NA therapy is a simple and cheap intervention to boost functional cure in HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B, but better biomarkers are needed to identify the subgroup most likely to benefit from it. In our study, we found signals that delaying re-treatment might increase the chance of HBsAg loss in those with end-of-tr","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to ‘Stromal Vascular Fraction With Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection During Surgery is Feasible and Safe in Treatment-Refractory Perianal Fistulising Crohn's Disease: A Pilot Study’","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/apt.18388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18388","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Arkenbosch JHC, van Ruler O, Dwarkasing RS, Fuhler GM, Schouten WR, van Oud-Alblas MB, et al. Stromal vascular fraction with platelet-rich plasma injection during surgery is feasible and safe in treatment-refractory perianal fistulising Crohn's disease: A pilot study. <i>Aliment Pharmacol Ther</i>. 2023;57(7):783–791. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17347</p>\u0000<p>In the Result section ‘3.1 Study Population’, the baseline characteristics were incorrect. We, therefore, corrected the section to the following:</p>\u0000<p>In total, 25 consecutive CD patients with treatment-refractory perianal fistulas were included. Fourteen (56%) patients were female, median age was 35 (interquartile range [IQR] 25–40) years. The median time of follow-up was 12 (IQR 6–18) months. One patient was diagnosed with Crohn's disease after LIFT procedure with additional injection of SVF combined with PRP. This patient was also included in this study. Four (16%) patients were active smokers. All patients were tertiary referral patients, with a median duration of fistulising disease of 4 (range 2–8) years and a median CD duration of 11 (range 3–19) years (Table 1). Fistula had infralevatoric extensions in 10 (40%) patients, horseshoe configuration in 9 (38%) patients and supralevatoric extensions in 6 (25%) patients at baseline MRI. All patients had persistent treatment-refractory fistula. Twenty-three (92%) patients had previously been exposed to antibiotics, 15 (60%) patients to corticosteroids, 21 (84%) patients to thiopurines and 23 (92%) patients to biologicals. At time of surgery, 1 (4%) patient used an immunomodulator for CD treatment and 15 (60%) patients used biological therapy (4 (16%) adalimumab, 8 (32%) infliximab, 1 (4%) vedolizumab, 2 (8%) ustekinumab and 6 (24%) patients used immunomodulatory and anti-tumour necrosis factor combination therapy). Almost all patients underwent previous fistula surgery (24 [96%] patients), with a median number of prior procedures of 3 (range 1–12). One patient had been diverted by a colostomy prior to enrolment.</p>\u0000<p>In addition, Table 1 is revised: </p><div>\u0000<div tabindex=\"0\">\u0000<table>\u0000<thead>\u0000<tr>\u0000<td></td>\u0000<th>Study population <i>N</i> = 25</th>\u0000</tr>\u0000</thead>\u0000<tbody>\u0000<tr>\u0000<td>Age, years</td>\u0000<td>35 [25–40]</td>\u0000</tr>\u0000<tr>\u0000<td>Female</td>\u0000<td>14 (66)</td>\u0000</tr>\u0000<tr>\u0000<td colspan=\"2\">Smoking status at time of surgery</td>\u0000</tr>\u0000<tr>\u0000<td style=\"padding-left:2em;\">Active</td>\u0000<td>4 (16)</td>\u0000</tr>\u0000<tr>\u0000<td style=\"padding-left:2em;\">Previous</td>\u0000<td>8 (32)</td>\u0000</tr>\u0000<tr>\u0000<td style=\"padding-left:2em;\">Never</td>\u0000<td>13 (52)</td>\u0000</tr>\u0000<tr>\u0000<td style=\"padding-left:2em;\">CD duration years</td>\u0000<td>11 [3–19]</td>\u0000</tr>\u0000<tr>\u0000<td style=\"padding-left:2em;\">Fistulising disease duration, year</td>\u0000<td>4 [2–8]</td>\u0000</tr>\u0000<tr>\u0000<td colspan=\"2\">Active luminal CD</td>\u0000</tr>\u0000<tr>\u0000<td style=\"padding-left:2em;\">None</td>\u0000<td>21 (84)</td>\u0000</tr>\u0000<tr>\u0000<td style=\"padding-left:2em;\">Ileum</td>\u0000<td>1 (4)</td>\u0000</tr>\u0000<tr>\u0000<td style=\"padding-left:2em;\">Proximal ","PeriodicalId":121,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}