Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Isolated hypospadias identified on fetal ultrasound: genetic investigation results at a single referral center.","authors":"Qiu-Xia Yu, Xiang-Yi Jing, Zhi-Qing Xiao, Si-Yun Li, Li Zhen, Dong-Zhi Li","doi":"10.1159/000548821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000548821","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction To investigate genetic defects in fetuses diagnosed with isolated hypospadias. Methods This retrospective study analyzed 61 cases of isolated fetal hypospadias identified through second-trimester or third-trimester ultrasound examinations. All participants underwent invasive prenatal diagnostic procedures for copy number variant (CNV) detection via chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). For those with normal CNV results, trio whole exome sequencing (WES) was offered as an alternative. Clinical and laboratory data were systematically collected and reviewed, encompassing maternal demographics, prenatal sonographic findings, molecular testing outcomes, and pregnancy results. Results Three cases of sex chromosomal mosaicism were identified. In the remaining 58 cases, all had the male karyotype. CMA detected only one case of pathogenic CNVs (2q13 microdeletion). Among the cases with normal CMA, 35 underwent trio WES; two had disease causing variants: one carried a de novo CREBBP variant, and one carried two SRD5A2 variants. Conclusions From our perspective, CMA and WES are valuable tools in antenatal care for isolated cases of hypospadias detected via ultrasound; this information should be communicated to patients through prenatal counseling.</p>","PeriodicalId":12189,"journal":{"name":"Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of in-utero open spina bifida repair using a laparotomy-assisted fetoscopic approach on the fetal cardiovascular system.","authors":"Annika Albrecht, Justus G Reitz, Ivonne Bedei, Anita C Windhorst, Corinna Keil, Siegmund Köhler, Aline Wolter, Nicolas Schmitt, Gerald Kalmus, Benjamin Sass, Maximilian Schulze, Roland Axt-Fliedner","doi":"10.1159/000548623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000548623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction Various treatment options for prenatal open spina bifida (OSB) repair have evolved over the past decades, including the laparotomy-assisted fetoscopic repair. However, little is known about fetal vascular regulation during laparotomy-assisted fetoscopic repair. Therefore, we aimed to describe cardiovascular effects during intervention in our cohort. Methods A total of 26 fetuses underwent laparotomy-assisted fetoscopic repair at a single-center between July 2021 and July 2024 and were prospectively included in this study. The intervention was performed using three-port, three-layer fetoscopic repair of OSB via a laparotomy-assisted approach. Fetal heart rate (FHR) and Pulsed Wave (PW) Doppler flow measurement of Pulsatility Index (PI) in the umbilical artery (UA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were recorded at thirteen defined time points throughout surgery. Occurrence of absent- or reversed UA flow (ARED) was documented. The MCA waveform was assessed for signs of fetal vasoconstriction (M-sign). Results Mean gestational age at surgery was 25 weeks. A significant increase in the PI in the UA before (PI 1.22±0.24) and after laparotomy (PI 1.75±0.37) was observed (p<0.001). ARED was recorded in 13.3% of cases after maternal general anesthesia, but not before and latest on first day after surgery. MCA PI decreased non-significantly during intervention. Before surgery a M-sign was present in six fetuses, during surgery it was seen only in one fetus. There were no significant changes in the FHR during surgery except for a drop after gas insufflation (FHR 129±5; FHR 125±7.0, p<0.001) compared to the FHR before surgery. During the postoperative course, the FHR increased significantly (day 0 141±10; day 4 143±9.8 p= 0.003). Conclusion Our study shows changes in UA PI and occurrence of ARED during laparotomy-assisted fetoscopic repair. FHR remained stable during surgery. Furthermore, the findings confirm the transient nature of these changes. The occurrence of Doppler and waveform abnormalities were related to maternal-fetal anesthesia and the procedure itself.</p>","PeriodicalId":12189,"journal":{"name":"Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herniation of Ovular Membranes Through a Myometrial Defect Following Fetoscopic Laser Therapy for TTTS: An Underrecognized Maternal Complication.","authors":"Saulo Molina-Giraldo, Jorge Cantor-Guarnizo, Melva Juliana López-Rodríguez, Daniela Camargo-Obregón, Euler Perez-Almenarez, Rafael Aragón Mendoza","doi":"10.1159/000548740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000548740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Fetoscopy is a minimally invasive technique widely used for the treatment of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), offering significant perinatal benefits. However, maternal complications of fetoscopy are underreported and incompletely characterized.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present the case of a 19-year-old primigravida with a monochorionic diamniotic pregnancy, diagnosed with Quintero stage II TTTS at 18 weeks of gestation, managed with fetoscopy and laser ablation. The clinical course remained stable until 30+3 weeks, 12 weeks after the fetoscopic procedure, when fetal demise of the donor twin and preterm labor were documented, prompting cesarean delivery. During surgery, a 5 mm myometrial defect was identified in the anterior-left lateral uterine wall, with herniation of ovular membranes through the defect at the site of the previous trocar insertion. This long interval between fetoscopy and detection of the defect is notably unusual.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Herniation of ovular membranes through a myometrial defect is an uncommon complication following fetoscopy, typically associated with amniotic fluid leakage into the peritoneal cavity or unusual sonographic findings. In many cases, it may be asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally during cesarean delivery, as occurred in our case. Given the delayed presentation, this report highlights the importance of prolonged surveillance. Comprehensive evaluation of both the fetus and the myometrial wall should be routine in patients undergoing fetoscopy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The identification of a myometrial defect with herniation of ovular membranes 12 weeks after fetoscopy underscores the need for thorough ultrasound surveillance, including assessment of the fetus, amniotic fluid volume, and careful evaluation of the uterine wall and any unusual extrauterine findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12189,"journal":{"name":"Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discordance Between Fetal Ultrasound and MRI to Predict Severity in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia.","authors":"Payton Moody, Blair W Weikel, Jason Gien, Henry L Galan, Lamia Al-Amri, Mariana L Meyers, Caitlin R Eason, S Christopher Derderian","doi":"10.1159/000548620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000548620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prenatal ultrasound (US) and MRI guide the diagnosis and management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). A challenge arises when one imaging modality suggests a moderate case and the other a severe case (\"discordant severe CDH\"). We aimed to analyze newborn outcomes for this group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed all left-sided CDH cases at our fetal care center from 2012-2023. Discordant severe was defined as severe by either US (trace observed-to-expected lung to head ratio < 25%) or MRI (percent predicted lung volume < 15%) and moderate by the other. Concordant severe and concordant moderate groups were defined as both US and MRI predicting the same severity. Primary outcomes were rate of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cannulation and survival to discharge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 35 concordant moderate, 21 discordant severe, and 11 concordant severe CDH cases. Compared to the concordant moderate group, the discordant severe group had significantly higher ECMO cannulation rates and significantly lower survival to discharge. No significant differences were found between concordant severe and discordant severe groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Outcomes for discordant severe CDH are similar to concordant severe, suggesting teams should rely on the imaging modality that predicts the more severe categorization in the setting of discordant severe CDH.</p>","PeriodicalId":12189,"journal":{"name":"Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal assessment of fetal vertebrae and ribs by three-dimensional ultrasound and the association with fetal and neonatal outcome.","authors":"Pauline C Schut, Titia E Cohen-Overbeek, Tom J M van Dooren, Annelieke Hijkoop, Marjolein H G Dremmen, Erwin Brosens, Frietson Galis, Alex J Eggink","doi":"10.1159/000548341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000548341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The presence of an abnormal vertebral pattern and (rudimentary) cervical ribs in particular, has been associated with adverse fetal and neonatal outcomes, such as intrauterine fetal death and structural or chromosomal abnormalities. The feasibility and potential added value of prenatal assessment of the vertebral pattern and the presence of cervical ribs is currently unclear. Aims of this study were to evaluate the feasibility of prenatal assessment of the fetal vertebral pattern and cervical ribs using three-dimensional ultrasound and determine whether an abnormal vertebral pattern is associated with adverse fetal and neonatal outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>1138 Women referred for an advanced ultrasound examination were included and volume data sets of the spine were acquired. The vertebral pattern was reassessed on postnatal radiographic examinations, when available. Associations between adverse outcomes and abnormalities of the vertebral pattern that had at least a good agreement between prenatal and postnatal assessments were studied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Agreement between prenatal and postnatal assessment of the presence of cervical ribs was poor, which also applied to assessment of the complete vertebral pattern. Moderate to fair agreement existed between prenatal and postnatal assessments of thoracic rib number. Prenatal and postnatal assessments of lumbar ribs had a very good agreement. Lumbar ribs were rare (10/768, 1.3%) and associated with female gender, but not with any other variable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lumbar ribs could be assessed very well on prenatal three-dimensional ultrasound and were not associated with adverse outcomes. Prenatal and postnatal agreement between the presence of cervical ribs, number of thoracic ribs and the vertebral pattern was insufficient.</p>","PeriodicalId":12189,"journal":{"name":"Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145069419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concordance of MRI, CT, and Surgical Pathology in Prenatally Diagnosed Lung Lesions.","authors":"Amelia Gavulic, Philip Stanic, Monica Wagner, Laura Galganski, Katherine Nicole Epstein, Foong-Yen Lim, Beth Rymeski","doi":"10.1159/000548472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000548472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study quantified the concordance of pre- and post-natal imaging and pathology diagnoses of fetal lung lesions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective review of patients seen at a single Fetal Center from 2014-2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>138 patients with prenatally diagnosed lung lesions were identified. Patients with an associated congenital diaphragmatic hernia (n=7) and patients with neither postnatal imaging nor surgical pathology (n=11) were excluded. 86.7% had postnatal imaging; of these, 79.8% had postnatal CT findings consistent with prenatal imaging. 68.3% had surgical resection at our institution. The remaining patients had surgery elsewhere or did not pursue resection of the lesion. Of those 82 patients, 90.2% had a pathologic diagnosis concordant with their prenatal MRI and 97.1% had a pathologic diagnosis concordant with postnatal CT. The most common case of discordance between pre- and post-natal imaging was bronchial atresia (71.4%, 15/21) which was originally called a CPAM/BPS/hybrid lesion on prenatal imaging. The most striking case of discordance between imaging and pathology was a pleuropulmonary blastoma initially called a CPAM on prenatal MRI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Congenital lung lesions may evolve during pregnancy, highlighting the value of postnatal imaging to further characterize the lesions and assess the appropriateness of patients for surgical resection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12189,"journal":{"name":"Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145069462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The outcomes and lung changes of fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion in fetus with diaphragmatic hernia: A single-center experience in Japan.","authors":"Jin Muromoto, Katsusuke Ozawa, Rika Sugibayashi, Shoichiro Amari, Seiji Wada, Yutaka Kanamori, Yushi Ito, Haruhiko Sago","doi":"10.1159/000548340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000548340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the outcomes with lung changes of fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) for congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between 2014 and 2023, we performed FETO for severe or moderate left-sided CDH with the Kitano Grade 3 stomach position. We analyzed the pre- and post-operative ultrasound findings, pregnancy outcomes, and survival rates at six months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five patients were analyzed. The median gestational age at balloon insertion was 29.1 (range: 27.1-31.8) weeks. The median gestational age at delivery was 35.7 (range: 30.7-38.7) weeks. Pulmonary hypertension was observed in 71% (15/21) of the cases. The 6-month survival rate was 40% (10/25). The post-FETO observed-to-expected lung-area-to-head circumference ratio (o/e LHR) and differences between pre- and post-FETO values were significantly higher in survivors than in infants who died (p <0.01 and p <0.01, respectively), but pre-FETO values were not. The post-FETO cutoff value associated with the 6-month survival was 33.8%, and that of the difference between pre- and post-FETO o/e LHR was 7.8% (area under the curve=0.91 and 0.86, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FETO can lead to an increased o/e LHR in some but not all CDH fetuses, reflecting fetal lung growth, and be associated with a survival when it exceeds the threshold.</p>","PeriodicalId":12189,"journal":{"name":"Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Mutations of Congenital Red Cell Membrane Defects in Hydrops Fetalis.","authors":"Patcharee Komvilaisak, Khunton Wichajarn, Chanoknun Jaruk, Ratana Komwilaisak, Nongnuch Sirachainan, Napat Laoaroon, Junya Jirapradittha, Pongsatorn Paopongsawan, Pakaphan Kiatchoosakun, Kunanya Suwannaying","doi":"10.1159/000548041","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hereditary pyropoikilocytosis (HPP) is a rare genetic disorder causing severe fetal anemia, often leading to hydrops fetalis. This study evaluates intrauterine blood transfusion (IUT) efficacy and associated genetic mutations in Northeastern Thai patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight fetuses with hydrops fetalis were identified between 17 and 30+6 weeks' gestation, with initial hematocrit levels of 8.7-16.7%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IUTs were performed at 20-36 weeks, guided by fetal hematocrit, middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity, and fetal hemodynamic status. Five cases progressed uneventfully following IUTs, although three resulted in premature delivery. Four cases reached term, with two infants born at normal weight and two at low birth weight. Among premature cases, three had birth weights below the 10th percentile for gestational age, and one had normal weight. Five patients remain transfusion dependent. Genetic analysis revealed homozygous spectrin Providence in 4 patients, homozygous spectrin Buffalo in 1, compound heterozygous spectrin Providence/Buffalo in 2, and spectrin Providence with SPTB c.6171_6182delinsACCCCAGCT (novel) in 1. Three cases developed severe complications, including severe birth asphyxia, persistent pulmonary hypertension, and multiple organ failure, leading to death.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified SPTB gene mutations associated with HPP. Early detection of hydrops fetalis caused by severe anemia, along with confirmation of the underlying genetic mutation, is essential for timely and effective clinical intervention. Intrauterine transfusion remains a viable therapeutic option to sustain pregnancy and enhance fetal survival. Further research is needed to refine the management strategies for HPP-associated hydrops fetalis and to improve perinatal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12189,"journal":{"name":"Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"Marta Raposo","doi":"10.1159/000547612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547612","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12189,"journal":{"name":"Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fetal cystoscopy (FC) and vesicoamniotic shunting (VAS) in lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO): a meta-analysis of long-term outcome and current technical limitations.","authors":"Irene Paraboschi, Ugo Maria Pierucci, Matthieu Peycelon, Gloria Pelizzo, Rodrigo Ruano","doi":"10.1159/000547182","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare obstetrical, survival, and nephro-urological outcomes of fetuses diagnosed with lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO) undergoing antenatal procedures by vesicoamniotic shunting (VAS) or fetal cystoscopy (FC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a literature search using MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane reference lists. All studies reporting VAS and FC's effectiveness, complications, and technical issues in the prenatal treatment of LUTO were selected for a single-proportion meta-analysis. Two reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed quality. We computed and declared effect sizes for estimating a single proportion using the Freeman-Turkey transformed proportion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>out of a total of 467 citations identified, 49 studies were included for a detailed evaluation of VAS and FC perinatal outcomes. Overall, VAS and FC were burdened by a similar incidence of intrauterine fetal demise [VAS: 0.51 (0.42-0.61) versus FC: 0.47 (0.28-0.67); p=0.73], postnatal death [VAS: 0.87 (0.75-0.99) versus FC: 0.86 (0.62-1.09); p-value: 0.87], and postnatal renal impairment [VAS: 1.22 (1.06-1.39) versus FC: 0.96 (0.67-1.25); p-value: 0.12]. Likewise, the two procedures were complicated by a similar rate of chorioamnionitis [VAS: 0.38 (0.28-0.47) versus FC: 0.39 (0.12-0.66); p-value: 0.92], premature rupture of membranes/preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM/PPROM) [VAS: 0.77 (0.60-0.94) versus FC: 0.84 (0.60-1.07); p-value: 0.65], premature birth [VAS: 1.83 (1.55-2.10) versus FC: 1.56 (0.92-2.21): p-value: 0.46], and fetal abdominal wall/intestinal problems [VAS: 0.43 (0.29-0.57) versus FC: 0.50 (0.19-0.81); p-value: 0.69]. Termination of pregnancy (TOP) was chosen significantly more often after FC than VAS [VAS: 0.65 (0.53-0.77) versus FC: 1.18 (1.03-1.33); p-value: < 0.001].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our meta-analysis yields similar results in terms of obstetric, survival, and nephro-urological outcomes between VAS and FC. The higher incidence of TOP in FC over the VAS group may be associated with the fact that FC is also considered a diagnostic tool and can guide for TOP for those with more complex diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12189,"journal":{"name":"Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}