Experimental and molecular pathology最新文献

{"title":"From asbestos exposure to carcinogenesis: Transcriptomic signatures in malignant pleural mesothelioma","authors":"Diletta Rosati ,&nbsp;Bianca Giulia Maurizi ,&nbsp;Viola Bianca Serio ,&nbsp;Debora Maffeo ,&nbsp;Angela Rina ,&nbsp;Francesca Mari ,&nbsp;Maria Palmieri ,&nbsp;Antonio Giordano ,&nbsp;Elisa Frullanti","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104973","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The incidence of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) has surged due to widespread asbestos exposure, particularly since the mid-20th century. Despite significant advancements in cancer treatment, an effective cure for MPM remains elusive, largely due to a limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying asbestos-related carcinogenesis. This exploratory study aims to uncover gene expression patterns uniquely altered in mesothelioma patients with documented asbestos exposure, providing a solid foundation for future research focused on identifying novel prognostic and predictive biomarkers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Publicly available RNA sequencing data were analyzed through a bioinformatics pipeline to perform differential gene expression analysis. Additionally, functional enrichment analysis was applied to highlight significantly enriched Gene Ontology (GO) terms related to biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components, offering insights into the molecular pathways involved in MPM development.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis uncovered a set of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in MPM patients with documented asbestos exposure, as well as key GO terms. These enriched biological terms reflect processes such as ion homeostasis and oxidative stress response, providing crucial information on the cellular alterations driven by asbestos exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study's findings deepen our understanding of the molecular landscape underlying asbestos-induced carcinogenesis in MPM. The identification of specific DEGs and enriched GO terms lays the foundation for future investigations, including the development of biomarkers, with potential implications for the diagnostic and prognostic assessment of MPM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 104973"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Clostridium butyricum and antibiotics using simultaneous simple suspension in mice with Clostridioides difficile infection","authors":"Hideo Kato ,&nbsp;Mao Hagihara ,&nbsp;Chihiro Shiraishi ,&nbsp;Yuki Asai ,&nbsp;Hiroshige Mikamo ,&nbsp;Takuya Iwamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A simple suspension method, wherein tablets and capsules are disintegrated in warm water (55 °C), is increasingly used in clinical settings. Previously, we demonstrated that probiotic strains were reduced or below limit of detection in a simultaneous simple suspension of probiotic preparations and metronidazole or fidaxomicin. This study investigated its effectiveness in mice with <em>C. difficile</em> infection (CDI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>Clostridium butyricum</em> products and antibiotics used in this study were the Miya-BM tablet (CBM), metronidazole (Flagyl 250-mg oral tablet), and fidaxomicin (Dafclir 200-mg tablet). Non-infected mice received a simple suspension of CBM and antibiotics simultaneously to assess probiotic viability in the feces. Additionally, <em>C. difficile</em> counts and cytokine production were investigated in CDI-infected mice treated with these suspensions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>C. butyricum</em> was detectable in the feces of non-infected mice receiving simultaneous suspensions of CBM and antibiotics. In CDI-infected mice, simultaneous suspensions significantly reduced <em>C. difficile</em> colony counts in feces compared to CBM or antibiotics alone. Furthermore, suspensions downregulated tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-10 levels, while upregulating interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels in colon tissues, indicating reduced inflammation and an enhanced immune response.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study using mice demonstrates the effectiveness of simultaneous simple suspensions of CBM and antibiotics in treating CDI. This approach significantly reduces <em>C. difficile</em> counts, modulates cytokine levels, and maintains probiotic viability, potentially making it a viable option for administration via gastric tubes in clinical settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 104979"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of direct-to-PCR (D2P) method for molecular diagnosis of infectious diseases","authors":"Rahul Sharma ,&nbsp;Vaibhav K. Tamrakar ,&nbsp;Rob E. Carpenter ,&nbsp;Aditya Sharma ,&nbsp;Kamalpreet Suri ,&nbsp;Salima Karki ,&nbsp;Katelyn Kyser ,&nbsp;Randy Sronce ,&nbsp;Sadia Almas","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the performance of the Direct-to-PCR (D2P) method as a streamlined, extraction-independent alternative to conventional nucleic acid extraction techniques for diagnosing urinary tract infections, sexually transmitted infections, and respiratory tract infections. The D2P approach employs proprietary antimicrobial peptide-based lysis buffers tailored for bacterial, fungal, and viral targets, enabling direct amplification from clinical and contrived specimens without column- or bead-based purification. Comparative analyses were conducted against silica column-based (QIAGEN) and magnetic bead-based (KingFisher) extraction methods using both microbial reference isolates and 116 residual clinical samples. Results demonstrate that the D2P method yields comparable sensitivity and specificity to conventional extraction workflows across a diverse panel of pathogens—including Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, <em>Candida</em> species, ssRNA viruses (e.g., CoV-229E, Parainfluenza Virus 1 and 2), and dsDNA viruses (e.g., HSV, HAdV). Notably, D2P outperformed both QIAGEN and KingFisher in extracting nucleic acids from <em>Candida auris</em>, a multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen. Limit of detection and amplification efficiency remained within acceptable ranges across all platforms, with R² values between 0.92 and 0.99, and slopes consistent with MIQE standards. The D2P protocol reduced total sample processing time from ∼120 min to ∼45 min, minimized hands-on steps, and demonstrated effective performance in turbid or hemolyzed samples—making it suitable for high-throughput and resource-limited settings. However, limitations were observed in samples with high PCR-inhibitor content or low target yield, and broader validation across additional matrices is recommended. These findings support D2P as a reliable, efficient, and scalable molecular diagnostic alternative with broad clinical utility. Integration of D2P into diagnostic workflows could enhance access to rapid, cost-effective pathogen detection in both centralized laboratories and decentralized or point-of-care environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 104972"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting TAM polarization: beyond M1- and M2-type TAM toward clinical precision in macrophage-targeted therapy","authors":"Qingqing Wang ,&nbsp;Wenxue Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key regulators of the tumor microenvironment (TME), significantly influencing cancer progression and therapeutic responses. TAMs polarize into M1 or M2 phenotypes, exerting distinct functional roles. M1-type macrophages promote inflammation and tumor cell destruction, whereas M2-type macrophages facilitate immune suppression, angiogenesis, and metastasis. However, inconsistencies and mischaracterizations in the literature regarding TAM classification have led to confusion in the field, potentially impeding the development of effective macrophage-targeted immunotherapies. This commentary highlights the need for clear and standardized nomenclature, clarifies the functional distinctions between M1- and M2- type TAMs, and explores the signaling pathways and environmental factors driving their polarization. We also discuss emerging TAM subtypes and the therapeutic significance of accurate classification, including macrophage reprogramming strategies. Standardizing terminology and addressing misconceptions will be critical to advancing macrophage-based immunotherapies and improving clinical outcomes in cancer treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 104982"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144614743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction notice to “Matrine protects neuro-axon from CNS inflammation-induced injury” [Experimental and Molecular Pathology 98 (2015) 124–130]","authors":"Quan-Cheng Kan ,&nbsp;Peng Lv ,&nbsp;Xiao-Jian Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu-Ming Xu ,&nbsp;Guang-Xian Zhang ,&nbsp;Lin Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104968","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 104968"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143971564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological characteristics, extracellular vesicle structure and stem-like specificity of human follicular fluid cell subpopulation during osteodifferentiation","authors":"Wiesława Kranc ,&nbsp;Mariusz Kaczmarek ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Kowalska ,&nbsp;Wojciech Pieńkowski ,&nbsp;Sylwia Ciesiółka ,&nbsp;Aneta Konwerska ,&nbsp;Paul Mozdziak ,&nbsp;Maciej Brązert ,&nbsp;Michal Jeseta ,&nbsp;Robert Z. Spaczyński ,&nbsp;Leszek Pawelczyk ,&nbsp;Bartosz Kempisty","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extracellular vesicles can play an important role in the processes occurring after stem cell transplantation, preventing cell apoptosis, stimulating immunological processes, and promoting the synthesis of extracellular matrix. Human follicular fluid (FF) can be a source of a subpopulation of cells with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) properties. Moreover these subpopulations of FF cells can differentiate into osteoblasts. In presented studies flow cytometry of ovarian FF cells confirmed positive expression of MSCs markers such as: CD44, CD90, CD105, CD73 and negative expression of a hematopoietic marker: CD45. The CD90+, CD105+, CD45- cell subpopulation has been obtained during magnetic separation using appropriate antibodies conjugated with microbeads. The extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by the cells during osteodifferentiation process differed from those secreted by cells culture in the basal medium. Based on the previous and current electron microscopy research, changes in size, number, and shape would support the notion that released EVs could be crucial to the ovarian FF cell subpopulation differentiation process. Osteogenic differentiation has been confirmed <em>via</em> Alizarin red staining. Therefore, follicular fluid (FF) can be a new source of a cell subpopulation with MSC properties, with the cells capable of differentiating into the osteogenic lineage. EVs could play a key role as mediators in tissue regeneration, especially bone tissue regeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 104965"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The multifunctional protein CCN1/CYR61: Bridging physiology and disease","authors":"Racha Kerek,&nbsp;Joe Sawma Awad ,&nbsp;Mariam Bassam ,&nbsp;Carla Hajjar ,&nbsp;Fouad Ghantous,&nbsp;Karelle Rizk,&nbsp;Mohamad Rima","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The matricellular protein CYR61/CCN1 is a member of the CCN protein family that plays significant roles in a broad range of physiological processes, including development, tissue repair, and inflammation, among others. CCN1 is also implicated in pathological conditions such as cancer and fibrosis. The diverse functions of CCN1 arise from its ability to bind different receptors located on many cell types, thereby activating diverse signaling pathways. The diverse, yet contradictory, functions mediated by CCN1 makes it a compelling target for investigation, as it offers the prospect of understanding fundamental cellular topics and their possible implications in various diseases. Recently, new cellular functions were attributed to CCN1, including senescence, pro-/anti- fibrosis, and rejuvenation. In this review, we discuss all these new findings along with the basic knowledge about CCN1 to provide an overall understanding of its conflicting roles and their potential corresponding mechanisms of action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 104969"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of concern: \"Matrine ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by modulating chemokines and their receptors\" [Experimental and Molecular Pathology 99 (2015) 212-219].","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104962","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"142 ","pages":"104962"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in sepsis research: Insights into signaling pathways, organ failure, and emerging intervention strategies","authors":"Yehua Li ,&nbsp;Siying Ren ,&nbsp;Shen’ao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sepsis is a complex syndrome resulting from an aberrant host response to infection. A hallmark of sepsis is the failure of the immune system to restore balance, characterized by hyperinflammation or immunosuppression. However, the net effect of immune system imbalance and the clinical manifestations are highly heterogeneous among patients. In recent years, research interest has shifted from focusing on the pathogenicity of microorganisms to the molecular mechanisms of host responses which is also associated with biomarkers that can help early diagnose sepsis and guide treatment decisions. Despite significant advancements in medical science, sepsis remains a major challenge in healthcare, contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Further research is needed to improve our understanding of this condition and develop novel therapies to improve outcomes for patients with sepsis. This review explores the related signal pathways of sepsis and underscores recent advancements in understanding its mechanisms. Exploration of diverse biomarkers and the emerging concept of sepsis endotypes offer promising avenues for precision therapy in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 104963"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-feeding between beneficial and pathogenic bacteria to utilize eukaryotic host cell-derived sialic acids and bacteriophages shape the pathogen-host interface milieu","authors":"Darab Ghadimi ,&nbsp;Regina Fölster-Holst ,&nbsp;Sophia Blömer ,&nbsp;Michael Ebsen ,&nbsp;Christoph Röcken ,&nbsp;Jumpei Uchiyama ,&nbsp;Shigenobu Matsuzaki ,&nbsp;Wilhelm Bockelmann","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under an inflamed-intestinal milieu, increased free sialic acids are associated with the overgrowth of some pathogenic bacterial strains. Recently, the protective immunomodulatory activity of gut bacteriophages (phages) has also been highlighted. However, the role of phages in triple reciprocal interactions between pathogenic bacteria, beneficial bacteria, and their host cell sialic acids has not been studied so far. We established a sialidase-explicit model in which beneficial and pathogenic bacteria interact through cross-feeding and competition for free sialic acid using a human triple co-culture cell model incorporating colonocytes (T84 cells), monocytes (THP-1 cells), and hepatocytes (Huh7 cells). Triple co-cultured cells were challenged with Gram-positive <em>Bifidobacterium bifidum</em> (<em>B. bifidum</em>) and Gram-negative <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> PAO1 (P. a PAO1) in the absence or presence of its KPP22 phage in two different cell culture mediums: 1) standard Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) and 2) DMEM with 2,3-dehydro-2-deoxy-<em>N</em>-acetylneuraminic acid (DANA). Changes in physiological, functional, and structural health markers of stimulated cocultured cells were evaluated. The concentrations of sialic acid and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the cell culture supernatants were quantified. P. a PAO1 triggered the release of interleukin 6 and 8 (IL-6 and IL-8), accompanied by increased levels of free sialic acid, reduced viability of co-cultured cells, and disrupted the integrity of the cellular monolayer. These disruptive effects were markedly attenuated by KPP22 phage and <em>B. bifidum</em><strong>.</strong> In addition to well-documented differences in the structure and composition of the bacterial cell walls of Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria and bifidobacteria, two distinct factors seem to be pivotal in modulating the pathogen-host interface milieu: (i) the presence of phages and (ii) the utilization of free sialic acids secreted from host cells by bifidobacteria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 104967"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}