Experimental and molecular pathology最新文献

{"title":"Overexpression of TSPAN8 in consensus molecular subtype 3 colorectal cancer","authors":"Thanawat Suwatthanarak ,&nbsp;Pariyada Tanjak ,&nbsp;Amphun Chaiboonchoe ,&nbsp;Onchira Acharayothin ,&nbsp;Kullanist Thanormjit ,&nbsp;Jantappapa Chanthercrob ,&nbsp;Tharathorn Suwatthanarak ,&nbsp;Apichaya Niyomchan ,&nbsp;Masayoshi Tanaka ,&nbsp;Mina Okochi ,&nbsp;Ananya Pongpaibul ,&nbsp;Wipapat Vicki Chalermwai ,&nbsp;Atthaphorn Trakarnsanga ,&nbsp;Asada Methasate ,&nbsp;Manop Pithukpakorn ,&nbsp;Vitoon Chinswangwatanakul","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Recently, consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs) have been proposed as a robust transcriptome-based classification system for colorectal cancer (CRC). Tetraspanins (TSPANs) are transmembrane proteins. They have been associated with the development of numerous malignancies, including CRC, through their role as “master organizers” for multi-molecular membrane complexes. No previous study has investigated the correlation between TSPANs and CMS classification. Herein, we investigated the expression of <em>TSPANs</em> in patient-derived primary CRC tissues and their CMS classifications.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>RNA samples were derived from primary CRC tissues (<em>n</em> = 100 patients diagnosed with colorectal adenocarcinoma) and subjected to RNA sequencing for transcriptome-based CMS classification and <em>TSPAN</em>-relevant analyses. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) stains were conducted to observe the protein expression level. To evaluate the relative biological pathways, gene-set enrichment analysis was performed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the highly expressed <em>TSPAN</em> genes in CRC tissues (<em>TSPAN8</em>, <em>TSPAN29</em>, and <em>TSPAN30</em>), <em>TSPAN8</em> was notably overexpressed in CMS3-classified primary tissues. The overexpression of TSPAN8 protein in CMS3 CRC was also observed by IHC and IF staining. As a result of gene-set enrichment analysis, TSPAN8 may potentially play a role in organizing signaling complexes for kinase-based metabolic deregulation in CMS3 CRC.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The present study reports the overexpression of TSPAN8 in CMS3 CRC. This study proposes TSPAN8 as a subtype-specific biomarker for CMS3 CRC. This finding provides a foundation for future CMS-based studies of CRC, a complex disease and the second leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 104911"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014480024000303/pdfft?md5=15c2d35791f0b3b0f09481775a059ff3&pid=1-s2.0-S0014480024000303-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141302820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) and forensic investigations: Searching for the cause of death","authors":"Francesco Sessa ,&nbsp;Mario Chisari ,&nbsp;Monica Salerno ,&nbsp;Massimiliano Esposito ,&nbsp;Pietro Zuccarello ,&nbsp;Emanuele Capasso ,&nbsp;Edmondo Scoto ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Cocimano","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Congenital Heart Diseases (CHDs) are a group of structural abnormalities or defects of the heart that are present at birth. CHDs could be connected to sudden death (SD), defined by the WHO (World Health Organization) as “death occurring within 24 h after the onset of the symptoms” in an apparently “healthy” subject. These conditions can range from relatively mild defects to severe, life-threatening anomalies. The prevalence of CHDs varies across populations, but they affect millions of individuals worldwide. This article aims to discuss the post-mortem investigation of death related to CHDs, exploring the forensic approach, current methodologies, challenges, and potential advancements in this challenging field. A further goal of this article is to provide a guide for understanding these complex diseases, highlighting the pivotal role of autopsy, histopathology, and genetic investigations in defining the cause of death, and providing evidence about the translational use of autopsy reports. Forensic investigations play a crucial role in understanding the complexities of CHDs and determining the cause of death accurately. Through collaboration between medical professionals and forensic experts, meticulous examinations, and analysis of evidence, valuable insights can be gained. These insights not only provide closure to the families affected but also contribute to the prevention of future tragedies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 104907"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014480024000261/pdfft?md5=9b4b605caf3f9656c0222275136bb14d&pid=1-s2.0-S0014480024000261-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141183892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate detection of copy number aberrations in FFPE samples using the mFAST-SeqS approach","authors":"Aude Jary ,&nbsp;Yongsoo Kim ,&nbsp;Kirsten Rozemeijer ,&nbsp;Paul P. Eijk ,&nbsp;Ramon P. van der Zee ,&nbsp;Maaike C.G. Bleeker ,&nbsp;Saskia M. Wilting ,&nbsp;Renske D.M. Steenbergen","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104906","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104906","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Shallow whole genome sequencing (Shallow-seq) is used to determine the copy number aberrations (CNA) in tissue samples and circulating tumor DNA. However, costs of NGS and challenges of small biopsies ask for an alternative to the untargeted NGS approaches. The mFAST-SeqS approach, relying on LINE-1 repeat amplification, showed a good correlation with Shallow-seq to detect CNA in blood samples. In the present study, we evaluated whether mFAST-SeqS is suitable to assess CNA in small formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens, using vulva and anal HPV-related lesions.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Seventy-two FFPE samples, including 36 control samples (19 vulva;17 anal) for threshold setting and 36 samples (24 vulva; 12 anal) for clinical evaluation, were analyzed by mFAST-SeqS. CNA in vulva and anal lesions were determined by calculating genome-wide and chromosome arm-specific z-scores in comparison with the respective control samples. Sixteen samples were also analyzed with the conventional Shallow-seq approach.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Genome-wide z-scores increased with the severity of disease, with highest values being found in cancers. In vulva samples median and inter quartile ranges [IQR] were 1[0–2] in normal tissues (<em>n</em> = 4), 3[1–7] in premalignant lesions (<em>n</em> = 9) and 21[13–48] in cancers (<em>n</em> = 10). In anal samples, median [IQR] were 0[0–1] in normal tissues (<em>n</em> = 4), 14[6–38] in premalignant lesions (n = 4) and 18[9–31] in cancers (n = 4). At threshold 4, all controls were CNA negative, while 8/13 premalignant lesions and 12/14 cancers were CNA positive. CNA captured by mFAST-SeqS were mostly also found by Shallow-seq.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>mFAST-SeqS is easy to perform, requires less DNA and less sequencing reads reducing costs, thereby providing a good alternative for Shallow-seq to determine CNA in small FFPE samples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 104906"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001448002400025X/pdfft?md5=d05099e109fc94865c7001cbe5c5f572&pid=1-s2.0-S001448002400025X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141183954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selenoprotein T, a potential treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and comorbid pain in neonatal 6-OHDA lesioned mice","authors":"Wahiba Sif-eddine ,&nbsp;Saadia Ba-M'hamed ,&nbsp;Benjamin Lefranc ,&nbsp;Jérôme Leprince ,&nbsp;Loubna Boukhzar ,&nbsp;Youssef Anouar ,&nbsp;Mohamed Bennis","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>pathological pain and Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are two complex multifactorial syndromes. The comorbidity of ADHD and altered pain perception is well documented in children, adolescents, and adults. According to pathophysiological investigations, the dopaminergic system's dysfunction provides a common basis for ADHD and comorbid pain. Growing evidence suggests that oxidative stress may be crucial in both pathologies. Recent studies revealed that a small peptide encompassing the redox-active site of selenoprotein T (PSELT), protects dopaminergic neurons and fibers as well as lesioned nerves in animal models. The current study aims to examine the effects of PSELT treatment on ADHD-like symptoms and pain sensitivity, as well as the role of catecholaminergic systems in these effects. Our results demonstrated that intranasal administration of PSELT reduced the hyperactivity in the open field, decreased the impulsivity displayed by 6-OHDA-lesioned male mice in the 5-choice serial reaction time task test and improved attentional performance. In addition, PSELT treatment significantly increased the nociception threshold in both normal and inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, anti-hyperalgesic activity was antagonized with sulpiride pre-treatment, but not by phentolamine, or propranolol pre-treatments. The present study suggests that PSELT reduces the severity of ADHD symptoms in mice and possesses potent antinociceptive effects which could be related to the involvement of D2/D3 dopaminergic receptors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 104905"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014480024000248/pdfft?md5=2dba21dc712085718e4ed7cecfa848fb&pid=1-s2.0-S0014480024000248-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141097702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in nanomedicine: Precision delivery strategies for male pelvic malignancies – Spotlight on prostate and colorectal cancer","authors":"Guodong Yang ,&nbsp;Yu Cao ,&nbsp;Xinyi Yang ,&nbsp;Te Cui ,&nbsp;Nicole Zian Vi Tan ,&nbsp;Yuen Kai Lim ,&nbsp;Yu Fu ,&nbsp;Xinren Cao ,&nbsp;Aanchal Bhandari ,&nbsp;Mikhail Enikeev ,&nbsp;Sergey Efetov ,&nbsp;Vladimir Balaban ,&nbsp;Mingze He","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Pelvic malignancies consistently pose significant global health challenges, adversely affecting the well-being of the male population. It is anticipated that clinicians will continue to confront these cancers in their practice. Nanomedicine offers promising strategies that revolutionize the treatment of male pelvic malignancies by providing precise delivery methods that aim to improve the efficacy of therapeutic outcomes while minimizing side effects. Nanoparticles are designed to encapsulate therapeutic agents and selectively target cancer cells. They can also be loaded with theragnostic agents, enabling multifunctional capabilities.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This review aims to summarize the latest nanomedicine research into clinical applications, focusing on nanotechnology-based treatment strategies for male pelvic malignancies, encompassing chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and other cutting-edge therapies. The review is structured to assist physicians, particularly those with limited knowledge of biochemistry and bioengineering, in comprehending the functionalities and applications of nanomaterials.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Multiple databases, including PubMed, the National Library of Medicine, and Embase, were utilized to locate and review recently published articles on advancements in nano-drug delivery for prostate and colorectal cancers.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Nanomedicine possesses considerable potential in improving therapeutic outcomes and reducing adverse effects for male pelvic malignancies. Through precision delivery methods, this emerging field presents innovative treatment modalities to address these challenging diseases. Nevertheless, the majority of current studies are in the preclinical phase, with a lack of sufficient evidence to fully understand the precise mechanisms of action, absence of comprehensive pharmacotoxicity profiles, and uncertainty surrounding long-term consequences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 104904"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014480024000236/pdfft?md5=e21c92ac1952b1a4fb548238f34bc6bd&pid=1-s2.0-S0014480024000236-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141093117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of free fatty acid receptor 2 in normal and neoplastic tissues","authors":"Niklas Ruhnke ,&nbsp;Anna-Sophia Liselott Beyer ,&nbsp;Daniel Kaemmerer ,&nbsp;Jörg Sänger ,&nbsp;Stefan Schulz ,&nbsp;Amelie Lupp","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Little information is available concerning protein expression of the free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2), especially in tumours. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to comprehensively characterise the expression profile of FFAR2 in a large series of human normal and neoplastic tissues using immunohistochemistry thus providing a basis for further in-depth investigations into its potential diagnostic or therapeutic importance.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We developed a novel rabbit polyclonal anti-FFAR2 antibody, 0524, directed against the C-terminal region of human FFAR2. Antibody specificity was confirmed via Western blot analyses and immunocytochemistry using the FFAR2-expressing cell line BON-1 and FFAR2-specific small interfering RNA as well as native and FFAR2-transfected HEK-293 cells. The antibody was then used for immunohistochemical analyses of various formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of normal and neoplastic human tissues.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In normal tissues, FFAR2 was mainly present in distinct cell populations of the cerebral cortex, follicular cells and C cells of the thyroid, cardiomyocytes of the heart, bronchial epithelia and glands, hepatocytes and bile duct epithelia of the liver, gall bladder epithelium, exocrine and β-cells of the endocrine pancreas, glomerular mesangial cells and podocytes as well as collecting ducts of the kidney, intestinal mucosa (particularly enteroendocrine cells), prostate epithelium, seminiferous tubules of the testicles, and placental syncytiotrophoblasts. In neoplastic tissues, FFAR2 was particularly prevalent in papillary thyroid carcinomas, parathyroid adenomas, and gastric, colon, pancreatic, hepatocellular, cholangiocellular, urinary bladder, breast, cervical, and ovarian carcinomas.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We generated and characterised a novel rabbit polyclonal anti-human FFAR2 antibody that is well-suited for visualising FFAR2 expression in human routine pathology tissues. This antibody is also suitable for Western blot and immunocytochemistry experiments. To our knowledge, this antibody enabled the first broad FFAR2 protein expression profile in various normal and neoplastic human tissues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 104902"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014480024000212/pdfft?md5=f46cecc76a892a74c1e62574ecbe0141&pid=1-s2.0-S0014480024000212-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141083517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of potential microRNA biomarkers for multiple sclerosis","authors":"Rabeah Al-Temaimi ,&nbsp;Nashmeiah Alshammari ,&nbsp;Raed Alroughani","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating autoimmune neurodegenerative disorder for which no specific blood biomarker is available. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been investigated for their diagnostic potential in MS. However, MS-associated miRNAs are rarely replicated in different MS populations, thus impeding their use in clinical testing. Here, we evaluated the fold expression of seven reported MS miRNAs associated with MS incidence and clinical characteristics in 76 MS patients and 75 healthy control plasma samples. We found miR-23a-3p to be upregulated in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), while miR-326 was downregulated. MiR-150-5p and -320a-3p were significantly downregulated in secondary progressive MS (SPMS) patients compared to RRMS. High disability was associated with low miR-320a-3p, whereas low BDNF levels were associated with upregulation of miR-150-5p and downregulation of miR-326 expression in the total cohort. MiR-23a-3p and miR-326 showed significant diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for RRMS diagnosis. In addition, miR-150-5p and miR-320a-3p had comparable significant diagnostic test performance metrics distinguishing SPMS from RRMS. Therefore, there is potential for including miR-23a-3p and miR-326 in an RRMS diagnostic miRNA panel. Moreover, we have shown that miR-150-5p and miR-320a-3p could be novel RRMS conversion to SPMS biomarkers. The use of these miRNAs in MS diagnosis and prognosis warrants further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 104903"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014480024000224/pdfft?md5=68f7441a7cbc811cc2269c92aa7a1671&pid=1-s2.0-S0014480024000224-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141072858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive molecular pathology after prolonged fixation: A study on tissue from anatomical body donors","authors":"Anja Böckers ,&nbsp;Leon Schurr ,&nbsp;Michael Schön ,&nbsp;Tatjana Scholl ,&nbsp;Tobias M. Böckers ,&nbsp;Konrad Steinestel ,&nbsp;Annette Arndt","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Histopathological assessment of tissue samples after prolonged formalin fixation has been described previously, but currently there is only limited knowledge regarding the feasibility of molecular pathology on such tissue. In this pilot study, we tested routine molecular pathology methods (DNA isolation, DNA pyrosequencing/next-generation sequencing, DNA methylation analysis, RT-PCR, clonality analysis and fluorescence <em>in situ</em> hybridization) on tissue samples from 11 tumor entities as well as non-neoplastic brain tissue from 43 body donors during the gross anatomy course at Ulm University (winter semester 2019/20 and 2020/21). The mean <em>post mortem</em> interval until fixation was 2.5 ± 1.6 days (range, 1–6 days). Fixation was performed with aqueous formaldehyde solution (formalin, 1.5–2%). The mean storage time of body donors was 12.8 ± 5.6 months (range, 7–25 months).</p><p>While most diagnostic methods were successful, samples showed significant variability in DNA quality and evaluability. DNA pyrosequencing as well as next-generation sequencing was successful in all investigated samples. Methylation analyses were partially not successful in some extend due to limited intact DNA yield for these analyses.</p><p>Taken together, the use of prolonged formalin-fixed tissue samples from body donors offers new avenues in research and education, as these samples could be used for morpho-molecular studies and the establishment of biobanks, especially for tissue types that cannot be preserved and studied <em>in vivo</em>. Pathological ward rounds, sample collection, and histopathological and molecular workup have been integrated in the gross anatomy course in Ulm as an integral part of the curriculum, linking anatomy and pathology and providing medical students early insight into the broad field of (molecular) pathology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 104899"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014480024000182/pdfft?md5=bb189ec2d7fff443ed3e16b2e3573e45&pid=1-s2.0-S0014480024000182-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140951181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium acetate prevents testicular damage in Wistar rats subjected to testicular ischaemia/reperfusion injury","authors":"Elizabeth Enohnyket Besong ,&nbsp;Roland Eghoghosoa Akhigbe","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>The aim of this study was to investigate the potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and sperm function-preserving properties of sodium acetate (ACE), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, in a rat model of testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D).</p></div><div><h3>Main methods</h3><p>Littermate Wistar rats of identical weight were subjected to sham surgery or testicular T/D by rotating the left testis at 720° around its axis along the spermatic cord clockwise and fixing it in this position for two and a half hours. 1 h before detorsion, T/D + ACE-treated rats were treated with ACE (200 mg/kg/day, per os) while T/D rats were vehicle-treated by administering 0.5 mL of distilled water. After 72 h, animals were euthanized, and the left testes were harvested for bio-molecular and histological analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Key findings</h3><p>Acetate administration attenuated T/D-induced rises in serum and testicular HDAC and testicular xanthine oxidase, uric acid, MDA, GSSG, MPO, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NF<em>k</em>B, HIF-1α, and VCAM-1. In addition, acetate treatment alleviated T/D-induced decline in sperm quality (count, motility, viability, and normal morphology) and testicular 3β-HSD, 17β-HSD, testosterone, GSH, GSH/GSSG, SOD, catalase, GPx, GST, Nrf2, and HO-1. Furthermore, acetate prevented T/D-distorted testicular histoarchitecture and spermatogenic germ cell loss.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>Sodium acetate during the post-ischaemic phase of testicular T/D may be beneficial in preventing I/R injury and maintaining fertility.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 104901"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014480024000200/pdfft?md5=68d7bb828f4aff637382e74ba009abbd&pid=1-s2.0-S0014480024000200-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140944458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary soluble CD163 is a putative non-invasive biomarker for primary sclerosing cholangitis","authors":"Tanja Elger ,&nbsp;Tanja Fererberger ,&nbsp;Muriel Huss ,&nbsp;Stefanie Sommersberger ,&nbsp;Patricia Mester ,&nbsp;Petra Stoeckert ,&nbsp;Stefan Gunawan ,&nbsp;Gerhard Liebisch ,&nbsp;Johanna Loibl ,&nbsp;Arne Kandulski ,&nbsp;Martina Müller ,&nbsp;Christa Buechler ,&nbsp;Hauke Christian Tews","doi":"10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soluble CD163 (sCD163) is a selective marker of macrophages whose circulating levels have been found to be induced in patients with active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Urinary proteins are emerging as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers, and here, sCD163 levels were measured in the urine of 18 controls and 63 patients with IBD by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Urinary sCD163 levels did, however, not differentiate IBD patients from controls. Analysis of sCD163 in the serum of 51 of these patients did not show higher levels in IBD. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is often associated with IBD, and sCD163 was higher in the urine of the 21 patients and in the serum of the 13 patients with PSC compared to patients with IBD. Of clinical relevance, urinary sCD163 levels were higher in PSC patients compared to those with other chronic liver diseases (<em>n</em> = 16), while serum sCD163 levels were comparable between the two groups. Serum sCD163 of IBD and PSC patients positively correlated with serum C-reactive protein. Serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate, surrogate markers for renal function, did not significantly correlate with urinary or serum sCD163 levels in IBD or PSC patients. Moreover, urinary sCD163 was not related to fecal calprotectin levels whereas serum sCD163 of IBD patients showed a positive trend. PSC associated with IBD and PSC without underlying IBD had similar levels of urinary sCD163 while serum sCD163 tended to be higher in the latter group. In PSC patients, urinary sCD163 did not correlate with serum aminotransferase levels, gamma glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin or the Model for End Stage Liver Disease score. Ursodeoxycholic acid was prescribed to our PSC patients and fecal levels of ursodeoxycholic acid and its conjugated forms were increased in PSC compared to IBD patients. Otherwise, fecal bile acid levels of IBD and PSC patients were almost identical, and were not correlated with urinary and serum sCD163 in PSC. In summary, our study identified urinary sCD163 as a potential biomarker for PSC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12176,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and molecular pathology","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 104900"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014480024000194/pdfft?md5=d883e6bafe0b03b8ca1f75d081a17a7b&pid=1-s2.0-S0014480024000194-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140901281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}