Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica最新文献

{"title":"Relationship between International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative Flow Test and Consistometric Measures for Consistency Classification: An Examination of Thickened Liquids Prepared Using Starch-Based and Xanthan Gum-Based Thickening Agents.","authors":"Mingyue Xiong, Nelson Ng, Brian Siu, Manwa L Ng","doi":"10.1159/000540118","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Consistency of liquid food plays an important role in managing patients with dysphagia, which can be objectively evaluated by using International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative (IDDSI) Flow Test and consistometry. The present study established the relationship between IDDSI Flow Test and consistometric measures and examined the measurement limitations of each test associated with thickened liquids prepared using starch-based and xanthan gum-based thickening agents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirteen thickened liquid samples of consistency ranging from IDDSI level 1 (mildly thick) to level 3 (moderately thick) were prepared using starch-based and xanthan gum-based thickeners. IDDSI Flow Test and consistometric measures were obtained and analyzed using correlation and regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A strong correlation was observed between both tests. Regression analyses revealed a linear and a quadratic relationship between IDDSI Flow Test and consistometric measurements, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Starch-based and xanthan gum-based thickeners exhibited different relationships between IDDSI Flow Test and consistometric measurements. Findings allow easy conversion and adaptation of consistometric measures to the IDDSI framework, which renders the use of consistometry in the clinical settings as a complementary quantitative measurement of liquid consistency to IDDSI Flow Test.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"161-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11991679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141751467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tools for Assessing Quality of Life in People with Stroke-Induced Aphasia: A Literature Review.","authors":"Zahra Babaei, Fariba Yadegari","doi":"10.1159/000541400","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The quality of life (QOL) of individuals with stroke-induced aphasia is significantly impacted by the condition. Clinicians and researchers are increasingly focusing on QOL assessments for people with aphasia (PWA) to gauge the effects of aphasia and the effectiveness of interventions. While several QOL assessment tools are utilized for PWA, there is limited literature comparing and evaluating their suitability for this population. This review aimed to explore the QOL measurement tools used with PWA, their aphasia-friendly characteristics, their applicability to severe aphasia, and the technical aspects of these questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>The review process involved two stages. Initially, a search was conducted to identify the tools used for assessing the QOL of PWA in studies published between 1975 and 2022. Various databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched using specific keywords related to stroke, aphasia, QOL, questionnaires, outcome measurements, tools, scales, and instruments. Subsequently, hand searching was employed to gather additional information on the identified tools, including technical properties, communication and language domains, and crucial factors for QOL assessment in PWA. Results revealed that 28 articles met the inclusion criteria, identifying 26 tools for QOL assessment in PWA, comprising 11 generic, 9 stroke-specific, and 6 aphasia-specific tools. Technical details such as research country distribution, publication years (ranging from 1972 to 2015), completion time, administration methods (self-reporting), item formats (question or statement), response types (all tools, except SIP-136, NHP, and SA-SIP30 used Likert type scale for ratings), scoring methods (sum of score or using an algorithm), translation/adaptation status (EQ-5D-3L among generic tools, SIS-16 among stroke-specific questionnaires, and SAQOL-39 among aphasia-specific instruments received the most amount of translation/adaptation), respondent characteristics (almost all the tools except aphasia-specific tests excluded people with severe aphasia), number of dimensions (ranged 1-12), item numbers [6-136], and coverage of communication/language domains (BOSS, CDP, ALA, AIQ-21 covered all language domains) were analyzed. Notably, ALA emerged as the most suitable tool for assessing QOL in PWA due to its alignment with the desired features.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Based on the review findings, clinicians and researchers are advised to prioritize the following features when selecting a QOL questionnaire for PWA: aphasia-specific and aphasia-friendly design, comprehensive coverage of QOL dimensions, inclusion of all language domains, and provision of self-reporting opportunities for PWA across all severity levels. ALA stands out as the preferred tool for QOL assessment in PWA based on its adherence to these criteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"300-318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142282604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Revised Reflux Symptom Index (R-RSI): Development, Internal and External Validation Study.","authors":"Andrea Nacci, Nicola de Bortoli, Silvia Capobianco, Federica Simoni, Tamanai Giusti, Pierfrancesco Visaggi, Maria Rosaria Barillari, Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino, Marzio Frazzoni, Stefano Berrettini, Bruno Fattori, Luca Bastiani","doi":"10.1159/000540233","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study proposes a revised version of the Reflux Symptom Index (R-RSI), a seventeen-item questionnaire that was revised to increase the suspicion of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Internal validation involved 213 participants, comprising 160 subjects without a previous LPRD diagnosis and 53 subjects with a self-reported previous diagnosis of LPRD with or without gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Test-retest reliability and internal consistency were calculated. For the external validation, 56 patients (independent from the previous cohort) were enrolled to explore the R-RSI screening properties and determine a cutoff using 24-h MII-pH as the gold standard.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>R-RSI test-retest reliability was high, both for the total score (ICC: 0.970) and for each item (ranging from 0.876 to 0.980). Cronbach's alpha was 0.910, indicating excellent internal consistency of the questionnaire. Participants with a previous self-reported diagnosis scored significantly higher (mean 24.94 ± 7.4; median 26, IQR 20-29) than those without a previous diagnosis (mean 4.66 ± 5.3; median 4, IQR 1-6) (p value <0.0001). Participants with both previous LPRD and GERD diagnoses had higher scores (27.20 ± 7.8) compared to those with only LPRD (21.77 ± 5.5) (p value = 0.003). Using 24-h MII-pH diagnosis as a gold standard, the optimal R-RSI cutoff point was determined to be 18, with a sensitivity of 84.5% and a specificity of 81.8%, positive predictive value of 95%, and negative predictive value of 60%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that the R-RSI may be useful to suspect LPRD, with or without GERD. The R-RSI is a self-administered patient-reported outcome questionnaire that demonstrates excellent reliability and high screening properties. Employing a cutoff of ≥18 in the R-RSI can assist in diagnosing and monitoring LPRD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"99-112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Life in Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis Patients after Vocal Fold Surgery: An In-Depth Exploration.","authors":"Michelle Mallinger, Lynke Wiersma, Bea Spek, Rico N P M Rinkel","doi":"10.1159/000540310","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study explores the quality of life among patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) after vocal fold surgery as measured by the outcome scores of the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) and the Distress Thermometer and Problem List in Patients with Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (DT&amp;PL). Differences in quality of life were explored within the independent variables age, surgical frequency, weeks since last vocal fold operation, gender, HPV type, surgical location, vaccination with Gardasil©, and a patient's request to speak with a speech-language pathologist.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center, observational cohort study was conducted using VHI and DT&amp;PL scores and demographic and clinical data obtained from patient files. Inclusion criteria were a confirmed HPV type, age 18 years or older, the ability to fill in both questionnaires in Dutch, and having undergone at least one surgical procedure to remove laryngeal papilloma. Relationships of the independent variables with VHI and Distress Thermometer (DT) scores were explored using univariable and multivariable regressions and linear regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 271 RRP patients, 100 met the inclusion criteria and responded to requests to fill in both questionnaires with a minimum of 12 weeks after their last operation. Our study showed a statistically significant negative relationship between age and VHI scores (p = 0.02) in the univariable, and multiple linear regressions (p = 0.01), indicating that patients experienced fewer self-perceived functional voice disabilities with each increase in age. A parallel negative relationship is seen between the variables age (p = 0.03) and DT scores. Our results showed a statistically significant positive relationship between the number of vocal fold surgeries and DT scores (p = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study show a significant relationship between age, surgical frequency, and quality of life in patients with RRP. Older patients have lower Voice Handicap Index (VHI) and Distress Thermometer (DT) scores, indicating fewer self-perceived voice and disease-related quality of life problems. Conversely, a rise in surgical frequency is significantly associated with higher DT scores, reflecting greater disease-related distress.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"113-122"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11991680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141616107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the Validity of Using VASES to Derive DIGEST-FEES Grades.","authors":"James A Curtis, Lauren Tabor Gray, Loni Arrese, James C Borders, Heather Starmer","doi":"10.1159/000538935","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538935","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Visual Analysis of Swallowing Efficiency and Safety (VASES) and Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity for Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (DIGEST-FEES) are two complimentary methods for assessing swallowing during FEES. Whereas VASES is intended to facilitate trial-level ratings of pharyngeal residue, penetration, and aspiration, DIGEST-FEES is intended to facilitate protocol-level impairment grades of swallowing safety and efficiency. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of using VASES to derive DIGEST-FEES impairment grades.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;DIGEST-FEES grades were blindly analyzed from 50 FEES - first using the original DIGEST-FEES grading method (n = 50) and then again using a VASES-derived DIGEST-FEES grading method (n = 50). Weighted Kappa (κw) and absolute agreement (%) were used to assess the relationship between the original DIGEST-FEES grades and VASES-derived DIGEST-FEES grades. Spearman's correlations assessed the relationship between VASES-derived DIGEST-FEES grades with measures of construct validity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Substantial agreement (κw = 0.76-0.83) was observed between the original and VASES-derived grading methods, with 60-62% of all DIGEST-FEES grades matching exactly, and 92-100% of DIGEST-FEES grades within one grade of each other. Furthermore, the strength of the relationships between VASES-derived DIGEST-FEES grades and measures of construct validity (r = 0.34-0.78) were similar to the strength of the relationships between original DIGEST-FEES grades and the same measures of construct validity (r = 0.34-0.83).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Findings from this study demonstrate substantial agreement between original and VASES-derived DIGEST-FEES grades. Using VASES to derive DIGEST-FEES also appears to maintain the same level of construct validity established with the original DIGEST-FEES. Therefore, clinicians and researchers may consider using VASES to increase the transparency and standardization of DIGEST-FEES ratings. Future research should seek to replicate these findings and explore the simultaneous use of VASES and DIGEST-FEES in a greater sampling of raters and across other patient populations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Visual Analysis of Swallowing Efficiency and Safety (VASES) and Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity for Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (DIGEST-FEES) are two complimentary methods for assessing swallowing during FEES. Whereas VASES is intended to facilitate trial-level ratings of pharyngeal residue, penetration, and aspiration, DIGEST-FEES is intended to facilitate protocol-level impairment grades of swallowing safety and efficiency. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of using VASES to derive DIGEST-FEES impairment grades.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;DIGEST-FEES grades were blindly analyzed from 50 FEES - first using the original DIGEST-FEES gradi","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"10-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11812585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140862754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Persian Version of the Palin Parent Rating Scales.","authors":"Ebrahim Barzegar Bafrooei, Akbar Darouie, Saman Maroufizadeh, Morteza Farazi","doi":"10.1159/000539119","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Palin Parent Rating Scale (Palin PRS) is a structured questionnaire filled out by parents of children who stutter. It is designed to assess the effects of stuttering on both the children and their parents. The goal of this study was to translate the Palin PRS into Persian and to evaluate its validity and reliability for application in preschool children who stutter.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research was conducted from August 2021 to December 2022, involving 139 parents of children who stutter. The parents completed the Palin PRS and provided their demographic data. Descriptive statistics were used to examine the floor and ceiling effects on all subscales of the Palin PRS. The internal consistency of the scale was assessed using Cronbach's alpha method, while the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to determine its test-retest reliability. An exploratory factor analysis was also performed to clarify the factor structure of the scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The exploratory factor analysis results were highly consistent with the factor structure found in the original version. No floor or ceiling effects were observed for the factors of the Palin PRS. The three factors of the Persian version of the Palin PRS (P-Palin PRS) showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha >0.8) and excellent test-retest reliability (ICC >0.9). Additionally, normative scores were derived by converting raw scores into Stanine scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The P-Palin PRS showed strong reliability, thereby establishing it as a suitable instrument for evaluating how parents perceive the effects of stuttering on their children and themselves. Further research may explore its application in diverse clinical settings and populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"35-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140862525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards Interdisciplinary Collaboration: Surveying Dentists' and Orthodontists' Perspectives on Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders and Therapy.","authors":"Charis Van der Straeten, Quinten Philibert, Kim Bettens, Jolien Verbeke, Guy De Pauw, Kristiane M Van Lierde","doi":"10.1159/000539485","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Children with malocclusion, combined with orofacial myofunctional disorders (OMDs), show increased risk of developing orthodontic problems and needs later in life. Speech-language therapists typically provide orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) after referral by dentists, orthodontists or ENT specialists. Interdisciplinary treatment is often advisable to prevent relapse after orthodontic treatment. OMDs and OMT are often found to be controversial topics by dentistry professionals. This study aimed to investigate self-reported knowledge and attitudes of Flemish dentists and orthodontists towards OMDs and OMT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A survey containing 32 items on demographics, self-reported knowledge of OMDs and OMT, attitudes towards OMDs, OMT, and its use in clinical practice, and referral behaviour was filled out by 48 general dentists (48/79, 61%) and 31 orthodontists (31/79, 39%). The impact of specialization, degree of experience and educational programme was also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-six percent of all participants (44/79) reported insufficient to non-existent knowledge of OMT. Nevertheless, the general attitude towards the use of OMT was neutral (47%, 37/79) to (very) positive (48%, 38/79). Although they found correct, evidence-based knowledge on OMDs and OMT important, the majority indicated their formal training did not provide adequate information on OMDs (52%, 41/79) and OMT (62%, 49/79). Specialization showed significant effects, as orthodontists reported themselves knowledgeable on this topic significantly more often than general dentists (p < 0.001), and generally reported a more positive stance towards OMT (p = 0.022).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dentists and orthodontists indicated a general interest in the topic of OMDs and OMT, alongside an overall lack of information provided by formal education. Current findings suggest the necessity of re-evaluating current curricula on OMDs and OMT.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"123-136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141199114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Spanish Version of the Voice-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties and Clinical Applications.","authors":"Francisco Contreras-Ruston, Andrés Rosenbaum Fuentes, Lukas Salfate Velásquez, Karol Acevedo, Nury Gonzalez, Norma León Meneses, Carla Napolitano, Marco Guzman","doi":"10.1159/000541290","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The present study aimed to validate the Voice-Related Quality of Life (V-RQOL), vocal self-assessment questionnaire for Spanish.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The validation and psychometric properties were developed according to the criteria of the Scientific Advisory Committee of Medical Outcomes Trust (SAC). The Spanish translation for linguistic and cultural adaptation of the V-RQOL was used. The study involved 193 participants, including 90 vocally healthy individuals and 103 patients with voice disorders, to establish validity. To evaluate reliability, the protocol was applied to 40 participants with dysphonia, who answered it twice before the treatment. Then to determine response changes, the responses of 13 dysphonic participants to the V-RQOL for Spanish were analyzed after intervention and then compared to the initial ones. Clinicians contrasted subjects' V-RQOL results with a perceptual analysis of voice quality using the GRBAS scale. In order to determine sensitivity and specificity cut-off values, tools results were subjected to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The sensitivity was obtained from the experimental group (dysphonic group) and the specificity from the control group (non-dysphonic group).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This version of the V-RQOL questionnaire may be used as part of the standard assessment process of people with voice complaints and as an outcome of treatment efficacy in clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A validation of the V-RQOL for Spanish in Chilean population was achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"215-224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12151525/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142282605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a 48-Hour Thickened Liquid Protocol on Visuospatial Skills in Young Adults.","authors":"Elizabeth Thompson, Mary Gorham-Rowan, Matthew D Carter, Katherine M Lamb","doi":"10.1159/000543066","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Thickened liquids are frequently recommended for individuals with swallowing disorders who are at risk of aspiration. However, thickened liquids may be poorly tolerated and result in reduced fluid intake, which may impact performance in a number of areas. The purpose of this study was to examine the possible impact of a thickened liquid regimen on visuospatial skills in young healthy adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty young adults, aged 19-26 years, were included as participants. Baseline data consisting of urine specific gravity (USG) measurements as a marker of hydration status and completion of a visuospatial task were obtained prior to initiation of the experimental protocol. Participants in the experimental group followed a thickened liquid protocol, which consisted of drinking nectar-thick liquids for 48 h. Data collection procedures were repeated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants in the experimental group exhibited significantly higher USG levels and required more time to complete the visuospatial task post-thickened liquids. No significant change in performance accuracy was found. Participants in the experimental group reported a decrease in fluid intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Performance accuracy on a visuospatial task was not significantly impacted by a 48-h period of thickened liquid intake, but time required to complete the task increased and was associated with mild dehydration as indicated by higher USG levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlating Degree of Thyroid Tilt Independent of fo Control as a Mechanism for Phonatory Density with EGG and Acoustic Measures across Loudness Conditions.","authors":"Mathias Aaen, Noor Christoph, Julian McGlashan, Cathrine Sadolin","doi":"10.1159/000542842","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Traditionally, fundamental frequency increase has been viewed as largely associated with vocal fold length as a consequence of tilting the thyroid cartilage forward and downward, a so-called thyroid tilt, caused by cricothyroid muscle contraction. Recent pilot studies in singers suggest vocal fold elongation independent from fo as related to a pedagogical parameter called \"phonatory density,\" suggesting a further discrete mechanism of the thyroid cartilage tilt related to voice quality. This study endoscopically, EGG, acoustically, and auditory perceptually explores different vocal modes in relation to degree of phonatory density independent of changes in fo across loudness and voice quality conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Case-control with 20 professional singers performing sustained-vowel samples (C4 males, B4 females) for 8 different voice quality conditions with different degrees of auditory-perceptual \"density\" while undergoing endoscopic examination and concurrent EGG and acoustic measurement. Endoscopic vocal tract assessments were blindly rated according to a 33-item systematic assessment tool and a forced consensus paradigm. MANOVA, Spearman's rho, and factor density were calculated at p ≤ 0.05. Auditory-perceptual assessments of 64 samples of the 8 voicing conditions were performed by 33 professional singing teachers. Fleiss' kappa and percentage agreement were used to calculate assessor accuracy and inter-rater reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forward and downward thyroid tilt was related to the perceptual category of \"reduced density (RD)\" as the only statistically significant endoscopic assessment variable: \"fuller density\" conditions exhibited little to no forward visible articulation of the thyroid cartilage, whereas RD conditions exhibited visible to marked forward articulation of the thyroid cartilage across tested conditions suggesting vocal fold elongation for RD conditions while maintaining an unchanged fo with high ICC for the assessors (r = 0.70 and r = 0.94 for male/female datasets, respectively). Correlation analyses revealed negative correlations for SPL, shimmer, and CPP measures for RD conditions, while Qx did not vary with statistical significance. Panel assessors accurately assessed the 8 tested conditions with 87% accuracy and good inter-rater reliability agreement (k: 0.772, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Phonatory density, as an auditory-perceptual denotation of vocal weight, is controlled by the degree of thyroid cartilage tilt. The study documents systematic variations in vocal fold lengths across several conditions of loudness while fo is maintained. The findings suggest a further mechanism of the thyroid cartilage related to voice quality beyond the control of fo. Further studies are needed to document pitch production mechanisms compensating for the maintenance of fo given vocal fold elongation during RD conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}