Experimental and clinical endocrinology最新文献_第5页

Ovarian LH/hCG receptors and plasma level of LH,17-beta estradiol and progesterone in gonadotropin--induced PCO syndrome in rats. 促性腺激素所致PCO综合征大鼠卵巢LH/hCG受体及血浆LH、17-雌二醇、孕酮水平。

Experimental and clinical endocrinology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1211298

R Fitko, B Szlezyngier, A Gajewska, K Kochman

{"title":"Ovarian LH/hCG receptors and plasma level of LH,17-beta estradiol and progesterone in gonadotropin--induced PCO syndrome in rats.","authors":"R Fitko, B Szlezyngier, A Gajewska, K Kochman","doi":"10.1055/s-0029-1211298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1211298","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was to investigate the morphologic changes, LH/hCG receptor content in the ovaries and plasma levels of LH, progesterone and estradiol of hypo--and hyperthyroid rats injected with PMSG and hCG. The hypothyroid state was induced by thyreoidectomy (Tr-X) and the hyperthyroid condition by injections of 40 micrograms L-thyroxine daily during 21 days (T4). Gonadotropins were injected during 14 days in daily doses: PMSG--5 i.u. and hCG--10 i.u. The following 8 groups (n = 10-20) were established: control (euthyroid, no treatment), Tr-X, PMSG + hCG, Tr-X + hCG, Tr-X + PMSG, Tr-X + PMSG + hCG, T4 and T4 + PMSG. At the end of experiments rats were sacrificed, ovaries weighed, macroscopically inspected and concentration of LH/hCG receptors was estimated. In blood plasma the level of LH, progesterone and 17-beta estradiol was also analysed. The experiments showed that injections of PMSG alone, or PMSG + hCG in eu-or hypothyroid rats, appear the most effective in induction of PCO syndrome in rats. Low levels of thyroid hormones sensitized the ovaries to gonadotropin action, but a hyperthyroid status diminished or inhibited this response. Thyroid function is also essential in production of LH/hCG receptors in the ovaries. In hypothyroid animals the amount of these receptors was greatly increased, while in hyperthyroid animals they decreased. The level of plasma LH, progesterone, and estradiol showed insignificantly differences and various inconsiderable deviations from norm. These differences were not dependent on large doses of gonadotropins, altered thyroid function, or on cystic or luteinizing changes in the ovary.","PeriodicalId":12104,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology","volume":"102 4","pages":"320-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0029-1211298","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18815600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia with 47, XXY Klinefelter syndrome. 先天性肾上腺增生伴47,xxy Klinefelter综合征。

Experimental and clinical endocrinology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1211302

T Yamaguchi, H Abe, T Kuwano, T Sugimoto, K Chihara

引用次数: 9

Comparative aspects of placental lactogens: structure and function. 胎盘乳原的比较:结构和功能。

Experimental and clinical endocrinology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1211288

I A Forsyth

{"title":"Comparative aspects of placental lactogens: structure and function.","authors":"I A Forsyth","doi":"10.1055/s-0029-1211288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1211288","url":null,"abstract":"Removal of the pituitary from pregnant rats provided early evidence that the placenta was the source of prolactin-like bioactivity. After mid-pregnancy the placenta was able to support progesterone production by the corpus luteum (luteotrophic activity) and continued development of the mammary gland (mammotrophic activity). Three groups of mammals, the rodents, the ruminant artiodactyls and the primates are now known to produce from fetal placenta a remarkable variety of proteins which are related in structure to pituitary prolactin and growth hormone. Prolactin and growth hormone are themselves structurally related and are thought to have arisen from a common ancestral gene by gene duplication and evolutionary divergence. The receptors with which they interact also form a family of homologous proteins. Surprisingly the placental lactogens appear to have arisen more than once in evolution since in primates they are structurally closely related to growth hormone, while in rodents and ruminants they have closer similarity to prolactin. There is suggestive evidence that there may be specific receptors for placental lactogens in some fetal and maternal tissues. In humans a five-gene cluster on chromosome 17 contains two growth hormone (GH) and three placental lactogen (PL) genes. Two human PL genes encode identical proteins that are expressed in the placenta. One of the human GH genes is also placentally expressed. In mice, chromosome 13 carries the genes for mouse prolactin, for placental lactogen-I and -II (PL-I and PL-II) and for two other prolactin-related proteins, the proliferins. Rats also express PL-I and PL-II, together with at least three other placental prolactin-like proteins different from proliferins.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":12104,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology","volume":"102 3","pages":"244-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0029-1211288","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18989134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 46

The fetoplacental unit of primates. 灵长类动物的胎胎盘单位

Experimental and clinical endocrinology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1211276

E Kuss

引用次数: 35

Investigations on hormonal changes around parturition in the dog and the occurrence of pregnancy-specific non conjugated oestrogens. 犬分娩前后激素变化及妊娠特异性非偶联雌激素发生的调查。

Experimental and clinical endocrinology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1211280

B Hoffmann, R Höveler, B Nohr, S H Hasan

{"title":"Investigations on hormonal changes around parturition in the dog and the occurrence of pregnancy-specific non conjugated oestrogens.","authors":"B Hoffmann, R Höveler, B Nohr, S H Hasan","doi":"10.1055/s-0029-1211280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1211280","url":null,"abstract":"Concentrations of progesterone and estradiol-17 beta were determined throughout pregnancy in 6 to 10 bitches (exp. 1); in experiment 2 peripartal changes of estradiol-17 beta, estrone, progesterone, cortisol, prolactin and growth hormone were determined in 5 bitches; in experiment 3 total unconjugated oestrogens were determined by radioimmunoassay and radioreceptorassay in placental tissue from 25, 53, 60 and 64 days pregnant bitches. No pregnancy specific increase of estradiol-17 beta could be observed; estradiol-17 beta levels decreased prior to parturition concomitant with the decrease of progesterone, suggesting a likewise luteal origin of estradiol-17 beta in the pregnant and non pregnant dog. Cortisol and growth hormone concentrations were elevated at the time of parturition, prolactin concentrations remained unchanged but were higher in pregnant than in non pregnant dogs. No hints in respect to a specific placental oestrogen production were obtained when examining placental tissue. The hypothesis is put forward that the high sensitivity of the haematopoietic system of the dog to oestrogen was an important factor in respect to evolution of endocrine control of pregnancy and parturition in this species which-in respect to placental oestrogen production-seems to be different from most other domestic animal species.","PeriodicalId":12104,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology","volume":"102 3","pages":"185-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0029-1211280","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18990486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 93

Placental progesterone, prostaglandins and mechanisms leading to initiation of parturition in the human. 胎盘黄体酮、前列腺素和导致人类开始分娩的机制。

Experimental and clinical endocrinology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1211283

J Neulen, M Breckwoldt

{"title":"Placental progesterone, prostaglandins and mechanisms leading to initiation of parturition in the human.","authors":"J Neulen, M Breckwoldt","doi":"10.1055/s-0029-1211283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1211283","url":null,"abstract":"Present knowledge allows the identification of some features of the initiation of human parturition. Progesterone reduces myometrial sensitivity to labour-inducing agents. It suppresses gap junction formation and facilitates beta-adrenergic receptor expression by the myometrium which, in turn, exerts a positive feedback by enhancing beta-adrenergic-induced increases in placental progesterone production. Inhibition of gestagen action does not result in immediate initiation of labor but sensitises myometrial cells to contraction-inducing agents. Estrogens, in contrast, enable the myometrium to prepare for parturition by inducing oxytocin receptors and this seems to be the first step towards parturition. Coordinated myometrial contractions are facilitated by the increased gap junctions due to the estrogen drive. Absence of estrogen will result in failed parturition. The myometrium seems to be sensitised to oxytocin by placental CRF. Myometrial CRF receptors increase their avidity for CRF with ongoing pregnancy. Oxytocin evokes a variety of auto- and paracrine events which culminate in increased free intracellular calcium and the consequent contractions. In this cascade, prostaglandins can be identified as positive feedback agents, as they further enhance estrogen-induced expression of oxytocin receptors. Another second messenger of oxytocin action are the inositol phosphates which can further increase free intracellular calcium concentrations. Finally, endothelin-1, derived from endometrium and decidua, under oxytocin control, may serve as a myometrial contractor following delivery when oxytocin concentrations decline but when a strong myometrial contraction is needed to prevent large blood loss during and after placenta expulsion.","PeriodicalId":12104,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology","volume":"102 3","pages":"195-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0029-1211283","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18990489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

Blood pressure reaction during the intraoperative and early postoperative periods in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. 原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进患者术中及术后早期血压的变化。

Experimental and clinical endocrinology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1211312

L Lind, S Ljunghall

{"title":"Blood pressure reaction during the intraoperative and early postoperative periods in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.","authors":"L Lind, S Ljunghall","doi":"10.1055/s-0029-1211312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1211312","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension is a well known finding in primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). In the present study, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate were recorded before, during and after surgery for HPT in 101 patients (mean serum calcium 2.96 +/- 0.22 mmol/l) and compared to 91 scheduled general surgical patients matched for age, sex, duration of surgery and type of general anesthesia. The HPT patients displayed an increased mean SBP, given as mean +/- standard deviation, both before (147 +/- 28 vs 131 +/- 25 mm Hg in controls) and during surgery (142 +/- 24 vs 117 +/- 21 mm Hg in controls) as well as postoperatively (141 +/- 23 vs 118 +/- 17 mm Hg in controls, all p < 0.0001). The preoperative SBP was correlated to both the intraoperative and postoperative SBP (r = 0.59 and r = 0.61, both p < 0.00001). However, the blood pressure elevation during and after surgery was still significant (both p < 0.001) when corrected for the influence of the preoperative blood pressure level using multiple regression analysis. The heart rate was increased in the HPT subjects only in the postoperative period (88 +/- 12 vs 83 +/- 12 beats/min in controls, p < 0.007). In conclusion, the systolic blood pressure was found to be elevated both before, during and after surgery in HPT subjects when compared to a general surgical population. In the postoperative period, also the heart rate was increased in the HPT subjects. These findings suggest an increased cardiovascular response to surgical stress in HPT subjects.","PeriodicalId":12104,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology","volume":"102 5","pages":"409-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0029-1211312","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18865037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The effect of streptozotocin on the function of fetal porcine and rat pancreatic (pro-)islets. 链脲佐菌素对胎猪和大鼠胰腺(前)胰岛功能的影响。

Experimental and clinical endocrinology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1211307

X Liu, B J Hering, M D Brendel, R G Bretzel

{"title":"The effect of streptozotocin on the function of fetal porcine and rat pancreatic (pro-)islets.","authors":"X Liu, B J Hering, M D Brendel, R G Bretzel","doi":"10.1055/s-0029-1211307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1211307","url":null,"abstract":"Streptozotocin (STZ) is a broad spectrum antibiotic with anti-tumor and diabetogenic properties. Although STZ has been studied for many years, the exact mechanism of its diabetogenic action has not yet been fully elucidated. The present study investigated the effect of STZ on both fetal porcine proislets (FPP) and fetal rat islets (FRI) in an attempt to elucidate the diabetogenic effect of STZ on fetal pancreatic beta cells. This study demonstrates that after in vitro exposure of both FPP and FRI for 30 min to 2.2 mM and 4.4 mM STZ, respectively, FPP showed microscopically an intact structure, a spherical shape and a translucent color, while, in contrast, most FRI were disrupted and showed a slight white color with dark centers. Based on these data, we first transplanted FPP and FRI beneath the renal capsules of nude mice. Three to four weeks later, a single dosage of streptozotocin (180 mg/kg) was intravenously administered. Six of the seven nude mice pretransplanted with FPP became diabetic (blood glucose, BG, 308.08 +/- 33.62 mg/dl) within 2-5 days and then gradually achieved normoglycemia 51.56 +/- 7.71 days after STZ injection. After removal of the grafts, all of the six diabetic mice with normoglycemia returned to hyperglycemia (BG > 300 mg/dl). In contrast, all of the five nude mice pretransplanted with FRI persistently maintained hyperglycemia (BG > 300 mg/dl) and died 5 +/- 0.84 days after STZ injection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":12104,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology","volume":"102 5","pages":"374-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0029-1211307","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18867044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The uteroplacental renin-angiotensin system: a review. 子宫胎盘肾素-血管紧张素系统:综述。

Experimental and clinical endocrinology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1211289

A Hagemann, A H Nielsen, K Poulsen

{"title":"The uteroplacental renin-angiotensin system: a review.","authors":"A Hagemann, A H Nielsen, K Poulsen","doi":"10.1055/s-0029-1211289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1211289","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence has accumulated for the existence of local tissue renin-angiotensin systems in the reproductive tissues. In the ovary the local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been shown to influence ovulation and steroidogenesis. In this review we focus on aspects of a local RAS in the uteroplacental unit. High renin concentrations have been found in all tissues of the uteroplacental unit. The presence of renin mRNA in the endometrium, choriodecidua and the fetal part of the placenta indicates local renin synthesis. Angiotensin (Ang) II, formed by the enzymatic action of tissue renin and Ang I converting enzyme, acts by interaction with its receptors. These receptors have been demonstrated in high densities in the placenta and uterus, indicating an autocrine or paracrine action of Ang II. Several probable effects of the uteroplacental RAS can be defined. It is very likely that the uteroplacental RAS plays an important role during implantation and placentation by stimulation of decidualization and angiogenesis. Furthermore, Ang II may regulate synthesis and secretion of other hormones formed locally in the uteroplacental unit. During labour the action of Ang II may be important for contraction of the uterine musculature, Ang II is also involved in the complex regulation of the uteroplacental blood flow. Species difference in the expression of the uteroplacental RAS exists, and one may speculate that the physiological and pathophysiological roles vary between species.","PeriodicalId":12104,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology","volume":"102 3","pages":"252-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0029-1211289","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18989135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 75

Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA) of gonadotropins. 促性腺激素的时间分辨荧光免疫测定(TR-FIA)

Experimental and clinical endocrinology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1211263

A Iwasawa, K Tomizawa, T Kato, K Wakabayashi, Y Kato

{"title":"Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA) of gonadotropins.","authors":"A Iwasawa, K Tomizawa, T Kato, K Wakabayashi, Y Kato","doi":"10.1055/s-0029-1211263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1211263","url":null,"abstract":"Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA), which has recently been developed as a non-isotopic immunoassay, was intended for assay of gonadotropins (LH and FSH). Ovine LH or FSH was labeled with N1-(p-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-diethylenetriamine-N1, N2, N3, N3-tetraacetic acid Eu-chelate (DTTA), and competitive binding assay was performed using a 96-weel titer plate previously coated with a second antibody, followed by measurement using time-resolved fluorometry. TR-FIA for standard ovine LH (NIDDK, LH-I-3) or FSH (NIDDK, FSH-I-1) had a sensitivity of about 25 pg/50 microliters sample. The assay system was applied to heterologous assay of porcine gonadotropins. Linearity was obtained by the dilution test using medium from primary culture of porcine anterior pituitary cells. Intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation of LH and FSH determination in 31 different porcine samples were satisfactorily low, between 3.5 and 8.1% (intra-assay) and between 1.7 and 13.1% (inter-assay). Correlation coefficients between radioimmunoassay and TR-FIA were calculated to be 0.945 for LH and 0.978 for FSH. Stimulation of LH and FSH release with GnRH was observed by TR-FIA. This non-isotopic TR-FIA thus provides as good sensitivity, reproducibility and accuracy as conventional RIAs.","PeriodicalId":12104,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology","volume":"102 1","pages":"39-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0029-1211263","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18999680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8