European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice最新文献

{"title":"Physicochemical and biological stability of diluted vedolizumab in intravenous infusion bags.","authors":"Tine C J Hendrickx, Kevin D H Balcaen, Marielle Baert, Jurgen Haustraete, Bart N Lambrecht","doi":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2023-003844","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2023-003844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Intravenous vedolizumab is a widely used monoclonal antibody for outpatients with inflammatory bowel disease. Drug preparation is performed on the day of administration, but is time consuming, causing unnecessary in-hospital patient delay and inefficient logistics for preparation and distribution. Storage of vedolizumab ready-to-administer infusions and distribution via pneumatic air tubes could streamline logistics in the outpatient setting. The aim of this study was to test the shelf life and stability of ready-to-administer intravenous infusion bags containing vedolizumab.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For assessing in-use shelf life, the reconstituted product (300 mg fixed dose) was diluted to a concentration of 1.2 mg/mL in 0.9% NaCl under aseptic conditions, and stored in polyolefin infusion bags at 2-8°C prior to analysis. On replicate samples, we measured concentration, physical and chemical stability using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, size exclusion chromatography, and multi-angle laser light scattering, as well as biological activity using a biolayer interferometry assay to study target engagement, and endotoxin content to assess microbiological stability. Stability of ready-to-use vedolizumab was assessed also after transportation via pneumatic tube system. Samples were taken at different time points over an observation period of 30 days on four replicate samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For all parameters assessed, the ready-to-use solution of vedolizumab remained stable over a period of at least 30 days. There were no signs of protein aggregation, chemical instability, or loss of binding of the antibody to the α4β7 integrin target. There was no increase in endotoxin concentration over time. No significant difference was seen in antibody structural stability and protein aggregation between samples before and after transportation via pneumatic tube system.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When prepared under aseptic conditions, dissolved ready-to-administer vedolizumab infusion bags can be stored long term at 2-8°C and transported via pneumatic air tube, without observable loss of antibody stability or binding activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12050,"journal":{"name":"European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139424592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic drug monitoring of inhaled tobramycin in a patient with chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Rebeca Añez-Castaño, Carles Iniesta-Navalón, Miguel Almanchel-Rivadeneyra, Eva García-Villalba, Eva Oliver-Galera, Lorena Rentero-Redondo","doi":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2023-004075","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2023-004075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report investigates elevated serum concentrations of inhaled tobramycin in a patient with chronic kidney disease. The patient, a man in his early 80s with complex comorbidities, underwent tobramycin inhalation therapy for chronic respiratory infections caused by <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Despite the strategic localised treatment approach, unexpectedly high plasma tobramycin concentrations were observed. After a dosage adjustment guided by a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model, a final inhalation dose of 300 mg of tobramycin was determined at a 24-hour interval. This case report underscores the need for rigorous monitoring of plasma tobramycin levels in patients with renal impairment undergoing inhaled tobramycin therapy, advocating for enhanced pharmacokinetic models to improve the safety and efficacy of the treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12050,"journal":{"name":"European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142055286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing health outcomes: a systematic review of electronic patient-reported outcomes in oncology.","authors":"Mikel Urretavizcaya, Karen Álvarez, Olatz Olariaga, Maria Jose Tames, Ainhoa Asensio, Gerardo Cajaraville, Ana Cristina Riestra","doi":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2023-004072","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2023-004072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigates the clinical impact of electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) monitoring apps/web interfaces, aimed at symptom-management, in cancer patients undergoing outpatient systemic antineoplastic treatment. Additionally, it explores the advantages offered by these applications, including their functionalities and healthcare team-initiated follow-up programmes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature review was conducted using a predefined search strategy in MEDLINE. Inclusion criteria encompassed primary studies assessing symptom burden through at-home ePRO surveys in adult cancer patients receiving outpatient systemic antineoplastic treatment, whenever health outcomes were evaluated. Exclusion criteria excluded telemedicine-based interventions other than ePRO questionnaires and non-primary articles or study protocols. To evaluate the potential bias in the included studies, an exhaustive quality assessment was conducted, as an additional inclusion filter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 246 identified articles, 227 were excluded for non-compliance with inclusion/exclusion criteria. Of the remaining 19 articles, only eight met the rigorous validity assessment and were included for detailed examination and data extraction, presented in attached tables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review provides compelling evidence of ePRO monitoring's positive clinical impact across diverse cancer settings, encompassing various cancer types, including early and metastatic stages. These systems are crucial in enabling timely interventions and reducing communication barriers, among other functionalities. While areas for future ePRO innovation are identified, the primary limitation lies in comparing clinical outcomes of reviewed articles, due to scale variability and study population heterogeneity. To conclude, our results reaffirm the transformative potential of ePRO apps in oncology and their pivotal role in shaping the future of cancer care.</p>","PeriodicalId":12050,"journal":{"name":"European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141183713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural language processing assisted detection of inappropriate proton pump inhibitor use in adult hospitalised patients.","authors":"Yan Yan, Chao Ai, Jike Xie, Zhaoshuai Ji, Xuesi Zhou, Zhonghao Chen, Ji Wu","doi":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2024-004126","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2024-004126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To establish a clinical application monitoring system for proton pump inhibitors (PPI-MS) and to enhance the detection and intervention of inappropriate PPI use in adult hospitalised patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Natural language processing technology was applied to indication recognition of therapeutic PPI applications and the assessment of admission record recognition for preventive PPI applications. Symptom judgement was based on the tense-negation model and regular expressions. Evidence-based rules for clinical PPI application were embedded for the construction of PPI-MS. A total of 9421 patient records using PPI from July 2022 to July 2023 were analysed to validate the performance of the system and to identify common issues related to inappropriate clinical PPI use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 9421 hospitalised patients detected using PPI, 4736 (50.27%) were used for prophylaxis and the rest for therapeutic use. Among the prophylactic medications, 2274 patients (48.02%) were identified as receiving inappropriate prophylactic PPI. The main reasons were inappropriate prophylaxis without indication. Additionally, 258 cases of inappropriate therapeutic PPI use were identified, mainly involving the use of esomeprazole for peptic ulcers and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. The efficiency of the PPI rational medication monitoring system, when coupled with human involvement, was 32 times that of manual monitoring. Among cases of inappropriate prophylactic PPI use, 45.29% were due to lack of indications, 28.34% involved inappropriate administration routes, 15.74% were related to inappropriate dosing frequencies and 10.62% were attributed to inappropriate drug selection. There were 933 cases related to the use of antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs and 708 cases related to the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The overall accuracy of the PPI-MS system was 88.69%, with a recall rate of 99.33%, and the F1 score was 93.71%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Establishing a PPI medication monitoring system through natural language processing technology, while ensuring accuracy and recall rates, improves evaluation efficiency and homogeneity. This provides a new solution for timely detection of issues relating to clinical PPI usage.</p>","PeriodicalId":12050,"journal":{"name":"European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141426613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A single harmonised pharmacy process to improve clinical trial set-up times.","authors":"Miriam Lettieri, Sophia Boydell, Andreea Chivu, Sarah Fallon, Andrew Ustianowski, Monika Cien, Claire Cole, Sophia Burgess, Carolyn Davies, Claire Keatley, Anne-Marie Peers, Maxine Syme, Deborah Sutton, Nicola Hermitage, Lydia Sutherland, Michelle Beecroft, Ali Aghabeigi, Beatriz Duran Jimenez","doi":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2024-004215","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2024-004215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The UK has fallen from fourth to 10th place in the global ranking for clinical trial activities in the past 6 years. Due to the limited capacity of the clinical trial pharmacy workforce and delays in providing pharmacy approvals, pharmacy has been identified as one of the constraining services that delays the set-up and delivery of clinical trials. To tackle this problem, we developed a single pharmacy review process for multicentre trials across Greater Manchester (GM) and tested its feasibility and implementation in our region. A survey completed by each GM Trust suggests that this harmonised pharmacy review process for multicentre studies would expedite trial set-up time at each pharmacy site and standardise the pharmacy review process in GM. We therefore believe that this harmonised review process could potentially reduce pharmacy set-up time and reposition the UK in the global market for clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":12050,"journal":{"name":"European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141467139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential medicine waste in the process of outpatients receiving cost-free medicines from medicine pick-up lockers in the North Denmark region.","authors":"Lisa Greve Routhe, Iben Bang Andersen, Mille Vraa Gamborg Eisenhardt, Maja Beck Mejlholm, Helena Birk Wisby, Anne Estrup Olesen","doi":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2024-004224","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2024-004224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In the Danish healthcare system, restructuring is an ongoing process to accommodate the rising number of patients and to optimise resource allocation. To ease departmental burdens at hospitals in the North Denmark Region, outpatients are empowered to collect their cost-free medicines from medication pick-up lockers. The lockers function similarly to a package box, thereby enhancing patient freedom. Due to lack of evidence within the published literature regarding cost-free medicines and medicine waste, the aim of our study was to identify the common medications delivered to medicine pick-up lockers and secondly, to evaluate potential medicine waste.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from ApoVision provided insights into medications delivered to medicine pick-up lockers from March to October 2023 in the North Denmark Region. To estimate unused medicines we obtained data on the number of medications returned from medicine pick-up lockers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2020 to 2023, the number of patients receiving cost-free medicines at medication pick-up lockers increased. In total, approximately 30 000 packages of medicine were delivered to medicine pick-up lockers from March to October 2023 in the North Denmark Region; 1.7% were returned. Methotrexate, adalimumab, and omalizumab were among the most common deliveries and were also the three most returned from the medicine pick-up lockers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study is an initial attempt to investigate potential medicine waste in cost-free medicines dispensed to outpatients via pick-up lockers. Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents were the most common medicines delivered to medication pick-up lockers in the North Denmark Region from March to October 2023. In this period, approximately 2% of all delivered medicine packages were returned to the hospital pharmacy. Our analysis solely focuses on waste associated with medications left uncollected from medicine pick-up lockers. Addressing the impact of medicine waste in a hospital setting requires a comprehensive approach, thus future studies should also focus on other sites relevant for medication waste as, for example, the patient's household.</p>","PeriodicalId":12050,"journal":{"name":"European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141456095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective service evaluation of clinical pharmacist involvement in a critical care COVID-19 rehabilitation clinic.","authors":"David Sapsford, Helen Dufton, Monica Trivedi, Joanne McPeake, Andrew Conway Morris","doi":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2024-004396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2024-004396","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12050,"journal":{"name":"European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142964292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An essential component of antimicrobial stewardship during the COVID-19 pandemic in the intensive care unit: de-escalation.","authors":"Aysel Pehlivanli, Cigdem Ozgun, Firdevs Gonca Sasal-Solmaz, Didem Yuksel, Bilgen Basgut, Arif Tanju Ozcelikay, Mustafa Necmettin Unal","doi":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2023-004053","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2023-004053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The antimicrobial de-escalation strategy (ADE) plays a crucial role in antimicrobial stewardship, reducing the likelihood of bacterial resistance. This study aims to evaluate how often the intensive care unit (ICU) used ADE for empirical treatment during COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Materials: </strong>Adult ICU patients receiving empirical antimicrobial therapy for bacterial infections were retrospectively studied from September 2020 to December 2021. ADE was defined as (1) discontinuation of an antimicrobial in case of empirical combination therapy or (2) replacement of the antimicrobial to narrow the antimicrobial spectrum within the first 3 days of therapy, according to the test results and clinical picture.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 99 patients were included in the study. The number of patients who received empirical combined therapy (38.4%) was lower than those who received monotherapy (61.6%). The most preferred monotherapy (45.9%) was piperacillin-tazobactam, while the most preferred in combination treatment (22.7%) was meropenem. Within the first 3 days of admittance to the ICU, 3% of patients underwent ADE for their empirical antimicrobial therapy, 61.6% underwent no change, and 35.4% underwent change other than ADE. Procalcitonin levels were below 2 µg/L on the third day of treatment in 69.7% of the patients. Culture or culture-antibiogram results of 50.5% of the patients were obtained within the first 3 days of empirical therapy. There was no growth in the culture results of 21 patients (21.2%) during their ICU stay.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, ADE practice was much lower than expected. In order to reduce the significant differences between theory and reality, clinical, laboratory, and organisational conditions must be objectively assessed along with patient characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":12050,"journal":{"name":"European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140944344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inpatient case characteristics of SGLT2 inhibitor-associated diabetic ketoacidosis: a retrospective study.","authors":"Zhongpei Yang, Weixia Zhang, Hefeng Chen, Qianwen Peng","doi":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2024-004124","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2024-004124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication in patients treated with sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between SGLT2i and the risk of DKA, and to identify high-risk groups and characteristics that should be emphasised.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective case series study was conducted to collect medical records of inpatients diagnosed with DKA and using SGLT2i before the onset of the disease from September 2022 to September 2023 in a tertiary hospital in Shanghai. Cases that met the inclusion criteria were retrieved through the electronic medical record system. Information was collected to compare the risk of DKA in patients with different characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 21 patients (12 men and 9 women) met the criteria for SGLT2i-associated DKA. The mean diabetes duration was 10.4 years, with 47.6% (10/21) of patients diagnosed with euglycaemic DKA. The drug treatment regimen most commonly used was the combination of SGLT2i and metformin, representing 52.4% (11/21) of cases. The most common clinical symptoms were nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and malaise. Common predisposing factors were acute infections, acute pancreatitis (predominantly hyperlipidaemic type), dietary inappropriateness, acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and surgery. 71.4% of patients (15/21) had multiple risk factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of SGLT2i in diabetic patients is associated with an increased risk of DKA, particularly in the presence of predisposing factors such as infection. Furthermore, long diabetes duration, decreased pancreatic β-cell function and the combined use of metformin may also contribute to the risk of DKA in patients treated with SGLT2i. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for better identification and management of DKA risks associated with SGLT2i in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12050,"journal":{"name":"European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141283381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical compatibility of ceftriaxone and cefepime in 0.45% sodium chloride, Ringer's lactate solution, and Plasma-Lyte A.","authors":"Megan Kelley, Chloe Spooneybarger, Mitchell Howard, Justin Reinert, Mariann D Churchwell, Gabriella Baki","doi":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2024-004128","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2024-004128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The compatibility of intravenous fluids with medications is of paramount concern to pharmacists and is an imperative component of ensuring patient safety. Data regarding the physical compatibility of medications with intravenous fluids has not been examined, or published with conflicting results or the concentrations studied were not consistent with current practice. Our objective was to determine the physical compatibility of ceftriaxone and cefepime in 0.45% sodium chloride, Ringer's lactate solution, and Plasma-Lyte A.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An in vitro analysis of the physical compatibility of ceftriaxone and cefepime at 10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, and 40 mg/mL concentrations was conducted in 0.45% sodium chloride, Ringer's lactate solution, and Plasma-Lyte A. Admixtures were evaluated in triplicate at hours 0, 1, 5, 8, and 24. Physical compatibility was assessed by visual inspection, spectrophotometry, and pH analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ceftriaxone 40 mg/mL was found to be physically incompatible in 0.45% sodium chloride and Ringer's lactate solution beyond 5 hours and in Plasma-Lyte A beyond 8 hours. Cefepime was found to be physically incompatible with all fluids and in all concentrations beyond 1 hour.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work contributes to the body of literature dedicated to the evaluation of intravenous drug and fluid physical compatibility by identifying demonstrable changes in admixtures containing 0.45% sodium chloride, Plasma-Lyte A, and Ringer's lactate solution. Ceftriaxone should not be administered with 0.45% sodium chloride, Ringer's lactated solution, or Plasma-Lyte A at selected concentrations and time points and cefepime is not considered to be physically compatible at 10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, or 40 mg/mL in any of the studied fluids beyond 1 hour.</p>","PeriodicalId":12050,"journal":{"name":"European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141305778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}