Environment Conservation Journal最新文献

{"title":"Mapping of supply chain and assessment of pre and postharvest losses of Alphonso mango in India","authors":"Patil Rajvardhan Kiran, Indra Mani, Rouf Ahamd Parrey, Manish Srivastav","doi":"10.36953/ecj.20472555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.20472555","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most popular commercial varieties of mango in India is the Alphonso variety. Due to its limited and specialised production zone, this cultivar attracts interest for its supply chain management research. Only a few studies on the management of the mango supply chain in India could be discovered in the literature. In order to better understand supply chain management and pre- and post-harvest losses for the Alphonso mango, a survey was conducted. To acquire the data, 123 observations from farmers, FPOs, retailers, exporters, and government officials were recorded. A socioeconomic study revealed that farmers who were young and educated (less than 50 years old and graduates) produced mangoes of higher quality and were more committed to exporting mangoes.The findings indicate that preharvest losses are primarily caused by variables including climate change, global warming, numerous illnesses and pests, spongy tissue, and fruit fly problem. During the harvest season, spongy tissue and abrupt, unseasonal rain have a negative impact on mango quality and supply. Mechanical damage, storage conditions, transportation, and mango handling all had a major impact on postharvest losses.According to the study, pre-harvest factors were responsible for 30 to 40% of mango loss, and post-harvest handling was found to be responsible for 15 to 20% of mango loss. The revenue of farmers is remains poor due to the current trading channels and lack of facilities for value addition.The results of this study provide insight on the current state of the supply chain and Alphonso mango losses. Researchers, governmental organisations, and policymakers can benefit from this study's findings by taking the appropriate actions to boost farmers' incomes, balance the market's supply and demand, and lower losses in other perishable fruits.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139350377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of environmental sustainability using ecological footprint in urban ecosystems of North Western Himalayas","authors":"Diksha Rana, S.K. Bhardwaj, Gourav","doi":"10.36953/ecj.22562566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.22562566","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid urbanization in cities is crafting major environmental problems, leading to degradation of urban ecosystems and is responsible for creating an imbalance between demand and supply of resources. Ecological Footprint Analysis (EFA) is a tool that can be used to assess this imbalance scientifically and determine the sustainability of a particular area. Our study aims to determine the urban sustainability of Kangra district in Himachal Pradesh, a hilly state in North Western Himalayas, India situated in North western Himalayas by using one of the Ecological Footprint Analysis (EFA) components, the built-up land footprint, as a pragmatic tool for analysis and planning of the urban region. The total built-up land footprint, total biocapacity and total ecological deficit are 18146.095 g ha,15968.564 g ha and 2177.531 g ha respectively whereas built-up land footprint per capita, built-up land biocapacity per capita and ecological deficit per capita are 1.371 g ha, 1.206 g ha, and 0.164 g ha respectively in different urban areas. Consequently, it is concluded that the built-up land results in an ecological deficit, and the system is considered unsustainable because its ecological footprint exceeds its bio capacity. It is suggested that urban sustainability should move and work on ecological principles so that the vision encompassing global goals and agenda 2030 for sustainable development can be achieved.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139350434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of fumonisin among different strains of Fusarium spp. associated with bakanae disease of rice (Oryza sativa L.) using molecular markers","authors":"Basmati Haryana, Mycotoxins Pcr, Vertf, Vikram Singh, Ashwani Kumar, Promil Kapoor, M. S. Bochalya","doi":"10.36953/ecj.15822520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.15822520","url":null,"abstract":"Bakanae disease caused by Fusarium fujikuroi of basmati rice causes huge economic losses varying with varieties produced, with a frequency of 3.0-95.4%. The Fusarium spp. associated with bakanae disease produce fumonisins, a group of structurally similar sphingosine analogue mycotoxins, among which Fumonisin B1 is the most prevalent and active (FB1). The worst harm to both people and animal wellbeing is created by fumonisins, which infect feed and food sources. IARC, a global organization dedicated to cancer research, classified FB1 as a potential causing human cancer (Group 2B). Altogether 26 strains of Fusarium spp. from bakanae infected  samples of various popular basmati rice varieties collected from Hisar, Jind, Fatehabad, Bhiwani, Sirsa, Panipat, Sonipat, Karnal, Yamunanagar, Kaithal and Kurukshetra (eleven) districts of Haryana state. Two specific primers namely VERTF and polyketide synthase (PKS) (involved in fumonisin biosynthesis) FUM (rp 32 and rp 33) were utilized in this investigation to differentiation between fumonisin-producing and non-producing strains employing PCR technique. Twenty-two strains were significant for the VERTF primer and showed the capacity to generate fumonisin, while four isolates evaluated negative for both primers. The FUM specific primer displayed positive respose only in nine strains and rest were negative. The present study provides a rapid and specific method that helped in accurate differentiation between fumonisin-producing and non-producing strains.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139350346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water and soil studies in Shrimp aquaculture systems","authors":"Praveen Joshi H.S, Ramachadra Naik A T","doi":"10.36953/ecj.16132511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.16132511","url":null,"abstract":"Litopeneaus vannamei is the most preferable species for culture by shrimp producers due to short time crop, hardy species and high market value. Present investigation was carried out to comprehend the significance of the carbon and nitrogen ratio in shrimp farming systems at Ankola, Uttara Kannada (District) and Haleyangadi, Mangaluru (Taluk) and Dakshina kannada (District). The pond water characteristics namely temperature, pH, alkalinity, salinity, Dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, Ammonia, NO2, NO3, PO4, SiO3 were found to vary from 28 to 35°C, 6.9 to 9.4, 25 to 125 mg/l, 0 to 36 ppt, 0 to 4.20mg/l, 0.020 to 0.259mg/l, 1.63 to 81.24mg/l, 0.12 to 36.45μg at./l as micro-mole per liter, 0.09 to 11.12 μg at./l, 0.26 to 32.15μg at./1, 0.15 to 26.18μg at./l, 2.40 to 90.18μg at./l respectively. The pond soil characteristics comprising of pH, organic carbon were ranged from 6.5 to 8.6, 0.235 to 1.994%, respectively while texture comprising of sand content varied from 48.41 to 96.26%, clay 0.3 to 2.45% and silt 3.14 to 51.24%. C/N ratio is varied 1.084-11.450 during the research phase. The outcomes of the water quality parameters shown quite higher nutrient all selected ponds and Organic carbon showed high in all ponds along with day of culture that’s impact data on water quality and influence on pond biomass and the C/N ratio. A culture system's ability to produce more can be greatly increased by maintaining the quality of the soil and water by removing toxicity though nitrification and continuous monitoring.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135023039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of different management practices against yellow Sigatoka disease of banana (Musa spp.) caused by Mycosphaerella musicola Leach","authors":"Nagesh B, S. Hongal, R. Raghunatha, S. B. Gurumurthy, M. H. P., Shankar Meti, Divya S. Bhat","doi":"10.36953/ecj.22942591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.22942591","url":null,"abstract":"Leaf spot or yellow sigatoka disease (caused by Mycosphaerella musicola) of banana causes significant yield loss as well as in quality of fruits in every year and reported up to 65% or even more under favorable epidemic conditions. In this perspective, an experiment was conducted at ZBNF project Research field, college of horticulture, Sirsi (Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka) for consecutive two seasons (2020-21 & 2021-22). Experiment accompanied with RBD statistical design with five replications and four treatments. Four different management practices involving viz. Propiconazole 25EC @ 0.1% (Recommended package of practices-UHS, Bagalkot), Trichoderma harzianum 10g/lit. (Organic farming), sour butter milk 5 lit. per 200 liter of water (Natural farming) and Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @0.5gm/lit. (Chemical farming) were evaluated against sigatoka leaf spot disease. Among the management practices, chemical farming comprises tebuconazole 50%+ trifloxystrobin 25%WG@1gm/lit was found effective in managing the disease (12.38% PDI) followed by recommended package of practice comprises propiconazole 25%EC @1ml/l (16.33% PDI), organic farming comprises of talk-based Trichoderma harzianum 10g/lit (17.33% PDI). Natural farming showed least effective to combat disease recorded maximum disease severity (19.66% PDI) after 210 days after planting. Although chemical farming can effectively control the disease but results in the serious risk on human health and environmental hazards. Therefore, organic and natural farming are an alternative approach that are eco-friendly and economically viable against sigatoka leaf spot disease management.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139350406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of nitrogen scheduling and weed management on growth and yield attributes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","authors":"Vivek Bhagat, Santosh Kumar, Kamaldeep Kaur, S. Singh","doi":"10.36953/ecj.14482441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.14482441","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted to study response of nitrogen scheduling and weed management on growth and yield attributes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at the Experimental Farm, Mata Gujri College, Shri Fatehgarh Sahib during Rabi season of year 2018-2020. The experiment laid out in Split Plot Design (SPD) with three replications. The nitrogen scheduling includes N1 -½ Basal + ¼ at 4WAS + ¼ at 8 WAS, N2 -⅓ at 4 WAS + ⅓ at 8 WAS + ⅓ at 10 WAS, N3 -¼ at 4 WAS + ¼ at 6 WAS + ¼ at 8 WAS + ¼ at 10 WAS while weed management treatment were W2 -clodinafop @ 60 g/ha, W3 -sulfosulfuron @ 25 g/ha, W4-carfentrazone @ 20g/ha along with weed free and weedy check. The results revealed that the maximum growth and yield attributes were recorded of N3 -¼ at 4 WAS + ¼ at 6 WAS + ¼ at 8 WAS + ¼ at 10 WAS which was at par N2 -⅓ at 4 WAS + ⅓ at 8 WAS + ⅓ at 10 WAS and found significantly superior over N1-½  Basal + ¼ at 4WAS + ¼ at 8 WAS.N3 -¼ at 4 WAS + ¼ at 6 WAS + ¼ at 8 WAS + ¼ at 10 WAS + W3 -sulfosulfuron @ 25 g/ha recorded significantly maximum which was significantly superior over all the treatments.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139350416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential effects of audible sound signals including music on plants: A new trigger","authors":"Mousumi Das","doi":"10.36953/ecj.15592489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.15592489","url":null,"abstract":"Plants are highly sensitive organisms and can indeed benefit from specific sound signals in multi-layered processes. Scientific evidences have shown the potential applications of sound wave treatment in plant biology. However, there are some limitations to sound wave treatment that must be overcome. We still do not understand how do plants initially perceive and recognize sound signals, which is very critical to maximize the effectiveness of the use of sound treatment from practical viewpoint. Proper setup of sound treatment equipment and detailed understanding and evaluation of the effects of selected frequencies and intensities along with sound exposure times are also very crucial during sound treatment. More experimental studies with different models need to be done in a multidisciplinary approach toward establishing suitable mechanism for sound treatment application in agriculture production. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of findings associated with potential effects of audible sound waves including music on different biological, physiological and biochemical processes in plants.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"251 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135360141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Azo dye degrading bacteria and their mechanism: A review","authors":"Manasi Upadhyay, Ahana Mondal, Biswajit Saha","doi":"10.36953/ecj.15672490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.15672490","url":null,"abstract":"Major part of the aesthetics and beauty of idols, textiles, paper, paintings industries, etc. finds its roots in the use of colours (azo compound). These synthetic dyes can not degrade easily by physical and chemical means and are toxic for the environment and animals including humans. Even if they get degraded, it becomes difficult to get rid of the secondary toxic products. Microbes especially bacteria can be used which results cheap, eco friendly and complete degradation of azo dye products without production of any secondary toxic products (or secondary products with way lesser toxicity). Also, it requires no new chemical to be added (in an attempt to degrade azo dye) in an already polluted environment, as the bacterial enzymes would do the job without requiring any other added chemicals. This review article discusses the use of bacteria for azo dye degradation, the bacterial enzymes such as laccase etc. that degrade azo dye and how they work to decolourise the dyes, the common genetic elements found in the different bacteria that can degrade azo dye. This article also includes information on future prospects and some genetically modified organism (GMO) that are being/ (can be) brought to use for dye degradation and pollution reduction.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135360142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of weed management practices on direct-seeded rice grown under rainfed and irrigated agroecosystems","authors":"Badal Verma, Manish Bhan, A.K. Jha, Muskan Porwal","doi":"10.36953/ecj.16622536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.16622536","url":null,"abstract":"Rice seedlings and weeds emerge concurrently in direct-seeded rice (DSR) production systems, while there is no flooding water to inhibit weed germination, emergence and development at crop emergence. Because of this, weeds are considered the biggest living barrier in DSR and significantly reduce yield. The purpose of the research was to devise an approach for management of weeds in the direct-seeded rice crop cultivated under various agroecosystems, while optimizing growth and production utilizing herbicides or herbicidal combinations. The impacts of several weed management techniques were assessed to determine the most efficient and cost-effective approach of managing weeds in DSR at the CoA, JNKVV, Jabalpur (MP) during 2019 rainy season under spilt plot design with 2 main plot treatments viz., rainfed agroecosystem, irrigated agroecosystem and 8 sub-plot treatments, i.e. different herbicide treatments with hand weeding and weedy check. Further growth parameters as well as yield attributes were documented. Conventional statistical techniques were used to evaluate the data. Bispyribac sodium at the dose of 25 g/ha efficiently controlled both narrow and broad leaved weeds under agroecosystems. Highest growth as well as yield parameters were recorded for irrigated agroecosystems compared to rainfed agroecosystems. The treatment with bispyribac sodium at the dose of 25 g/ha produced the greatest values for growth and yield indices as well as the maximum yield (3.68 t/ha), with the exception of manual weeding.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135503262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of soils under different periods of eucalyptus cultivation and restoration in Malur and Hoskotetaluks of Karnataka, India","authors":"Haravina Manjunathaswamy Pruthvi Raj, Belvadi Nanjappa Dhananjaya, Bommalingaianapalya Narasahanumaiaha Maruthi Prasad, Ramapatna Lakshmaiah Raghunatha Reddy, Thyavanahally Hanumaiah Shankarappa","doi":"10.36953/ecj.16382521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.16382521","url":null,"abstract":"Considerable area under eucalyptus plantation in the form of farm forestry exists in Malur and Hoskotetaluks of Karnataka, India. But in the recent years, Government of Karnataka has checked the spread of eucalyptus and farmers are gradually converting their eucalyptus plantations into agricultural lands. This study was aimed to evaluate soils of eucalyptus during growing and after restoration and its adjacent croplands having no history of eucalyptus cultivation in Taluks of Malur and Hosakote, Karnataka for physico-chemical properties and evaluated during the year 2019-2020 at College of Horticulture, Kolar. The results revealed that soils under 12, 24 and 48 years of eucalyptus cultivation when compared to soils after two, six and ten years of restoration and adjacent soils, showed significantly high bulk density (1.28 to 1.51 Mg/m3) and low water holding capacity (30.30 to 45.61%). These soils were more acidic in reaction (pH: 6.21 to 6.65) and contained significantly lower amounts of total soluble salts (EC: 0.04 to 0.07 dS/m), organic carbon (OC: 0.24 to 0.59%), available N, P2O5 and K2O (163.07 to 235.42, 26.03 to 47.23 and 112.89 to 168.55 Kg/ha, respectively), exchangeable Ca and Mg (1.70 to 2.75 and 0.80 to 1.32 cmol (p+)/Kg, respectively) and available S (5.60 to 7.09 ppm) but contained significantly high amounts of available Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu (13.52 to 29.74, 14.06 to 20.14, 1.44 to 2.06 and 1.16 to 1.74 ppm, respectively). Further, bulk density, acidity and available micronutrient cations of soils tends to increase with prolonging the cultivation period of eucalyptus while, reverse trend was observed with respect to water holding capacity, organic carbon and available macronutrients contents. On the other hand, restored plots showed significantly decreased acidity, bulk density and available micronutrient cations and increased water holding capacity and macronutrients contents with increasing the restoration period.","PeriodicalId":12035,"journal":{"name":"Environment Conservation Journal","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135503263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}