European Journal of Clinical Investigation最新文献

{"title":"Catheter‐related deep vein thrombosis: Where are we at and where are we going? Updates and ongoing unmet clinical needs","authors":"Laura Girardi, Marcello Di Nisio, Matteo Candeloro, Emanuele Valeriani, Walter Ageno","doi":"10.1111/eci.14311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.14311","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundCatheter‐related thrombosis (CRT) is one of the major complications affecting patients with indwelling venous catheters, usually involving the upper extremity deep venous system. This condition can lead to potentially life‐threatening complications such as pulmonary embolism and sepsis. The risk of developing CRT varies depending on type of catheters and patient characteristics. Despite advances in materials and technologies, the actual incidence of CRT is still considerable. Available evidence on CRT management remains controversial, and clinical guidelines base their recommendations on data from non‐catheter related upper extremity or lower extremity deep venous thromboses.AimsThis narrative review aims to describe the epidemiology of CRT, to review the available evidence on its management and to highlight the current unmet needs.MethodsNo formal search strategy was applied for the revision of the literature. The main sources of information used were Medline and guidelines from international societies.ContentThe management of CRT requires a careful balance between the risk of thrombus progression, recurrent events, and systemic embolization and the increased bleeding risk in often fragile patients. Open issues include the optimal management of the catheter and the type and duration of anticoagulant therapy. Direct oral anticoagulants are increasingly prescribed, representing an important alternative to the standard of care low molecular weight heparins in selected cases. The development of new anticoagulant drugs such as factors XI and XII inhibitors may offer further advantages in this context.ConclusionsThe management of CRT is still challenging with constant need for updated evidence to support tailored approaches.","PeriodicalId":12013,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Routine beta‐blocker therapy after acute coronary syndromes: The end of an era?","authors":"Nicolas Johner, Baris Gencer, Marco Roffi","doi":"10.1111/eci.14309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.14309","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundBeta‐blocker therapy, a treatment burdened by side effects including fatigue, erectile dysfunction and depression, was shown to reduce mortality and cardiovascular events after acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in the pre‐coronary reperfusion era. Potential mechanisms include protection from ventricular arrhythmias, increased ischaemia threshold and prevention of left ventricular (LV) adverse remodelling. With the advent of early mechanical reperfusion and contemporary pharmacologic secondary prevention, the benefit of beta‐blockers after ACS in the absence of LV dysfunction has been challenged.MethodsThe present narrative review discusses the contemporary evidence based on searching the PubMed database and references in identified articles.ResultsRecently, the REDUCE‐AMI trial—the first adequately powered randomized trial in the reperfusion era to test beta‐blocker therapy after myocardial infarction with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)—showed no benefit on the composite of all‐cause death or myocardial infarction over a median 3.5‐year follow‐up. While the benefit of beta‐blockers in patients with reduced LVEF remains undisputed, their value in post‐ACS patients with mildly reduced systolic function (LVEF 41%–49%) has not been studied in contemporary randomized trials; in this setting, observational studies have suggested a reduction in cardiovascular events with these agents. The adequate duration of beta‐blocker therapy remains unknown, but observational data suggests that any mortality benefit may be lost beyond 1–12 months after ACS in patients with LVEF >40%.ConclusionWe believe that there is sufficient evidence to abandon routine beta‐blocker prescription in post‐ACS patients with preserved LV systolic function.","PeriodicalId":12013,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adipocyte maturation impacts daunorubicin disposition and metabolism","authors":"Zeyang Li, Rachael Ngu, Aditya Anil Naik, Kaitlyn Trinh, Vladislava Paharkova, Hanyue Liao, Yulu Liu, Cindy Zhuang, Danh Le, Hua Pei, Isaac Asante, Steven D. Mittelman, Stan Louie","doi":"10.1111/eci.14307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.14307","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionAcute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common type of childhood leukaemia with effective chemotherapeutic treatment. However, obesity has been associated with higher ALL chemoresistance rates and lower event‐free survival rates. The molecular mechanism of how obesity promotes chemotherapy resistance is not well delineated.ObjectivesThis study evaluated the effect of adipocyte maturation on sequestration and metabolism of chemotherapeutic drug daunorubicin (DNR).MethodsUsing targeted LC‐MS/MS multi‐analyte assay, DNR sequestration and metabolism were studied in human preadipocyte and adipocyte cell lines, where expressions of DNR‐metabolizing enzymes aldo‐keto reductases (AKR) and carbonyl reductases (CBR) were also evaluated. In addition, to identify the most DNR‐metabolizing AKR/CBR isoforms, recombinant human AKR and CBR enzymes were subject to DNR metabolism. The results were further validated by AKR‐, CBR‐specific inhibitors.ResultsThis report shows that adipocyte maturation upregulates expressions of AKR and CBR enzymes (by 4‐ to 60‐ folds, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; .05), which is positively associated with enhanced sequestration and metabolism of DNR in adipocytes compared to preadipocytes (by ~30%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; .05). In particular, adipocyte maturation upregulates AKR1C3 and CBR1, which are the predominate metabolic enzyme isoforms responsible for DNR biotransformation to its metabolites.ConclusionFat is an expandable tissue that can sequester and detoxify DNR when stimulated by obesity, likely through the upregulation of DNR‐metabolizing enzymes AKR1C3 and CBR1. Our data partially explains why obese ALL patients may be more likely to become chemoresistant towards DNR, and provides evidence for potential clinical investigation targeting obesity to reduce DNR chemoresistance.","PeriodicalId":12013,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Both low and high body iron stores relate to metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women: Findings from the VIKING Health Study-Shetland (VIKING I).","authors":"Milton Fabian Suárez-Ortegón, Stela McLachlan, José Manuel Fernández-Real, James F Wilson, Sarah H Wild","doi":"10.1111/eci.14312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.14312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are conflicting results among studies on the association between serum ferritin (SF) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), and by groups of sex/menopausal status. To date, there are no studies on British populations. The SF-MetS association might be U/J-shaped. We evaluated whether SF was independently associated with MetS (harmonized definition) in people from Shetland, Scotland.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed cross-sectional data from the Viking Health Study-Shetland (589 premenopausal women [PreMW], 625 postmenopausal women [PostW] and 832 men). Logistic regressions using two approaches, one with the lowest sex and menopausal status-specific ferritin quartile (Q) as the reference and other using the middle two quartiles combined (2-3) as the reference, were conducted to estimate the SF-MetS association. The shape of the association was verified via cubic spline analyses. The associations were adjusted for age, inflammatory and hepatic injury markers, alcohol intake, smoking and BMI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalence of MetS was 18.3%. Among PostMW both low and high SF were associated with MetS (fully adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval] compared to the middle two quartiles combined were: 1.99 [1.17-3.38] p =.011 for Q1 and 2.10 [1.27-3.49] p =.004 for Q4) This U-shaped pattern was confirmed in the cubic spline analysis in PostMW with a ferritin range of 15-200 ug/L. In men, a positive association between ferritin quartiles with Q1 as the reference, did not remain significant after adjustment for BMI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Extreme quartiles of iron status were positively associated with MetS in PostMW, while no SF-MetS associations were found in men or PreMW. The ferritin-MetS association pattern differs between populations and U/J-shaped associations may exist.</p>","PeriodicalId":12013,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MyofAPPcial: Construct validity of a novel technological aid for improving clinical reasoning in the management of myofascial pain syndrome.","authors":"Juan Antonio Valera-Calero, Umut Varol, Ricardo Ortega-Santiago, Marcos José Navarro-Santana, María José Díaz-Arribas, Jorge Buffet-García, Gustavo Plaza-Manzano","doi":"10.1111/eci.14313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.14313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physiotherapists encounter challenges in diagnosing myofascial trigger points (MTrPs), which are crucial for managing myofascial pain but difficult due to their complex referred pain patterns. We aimed to assess if an interactive software (MyofAPPcial) can enhance the ability of physical therapists specialized in musculoskeletal disorders (as clinicians and as researchers and educators) to identify referred pain patterns associated with specific MTrPs and to explore their opinion about incorporating this technology regularly into their professional setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After developing the app, a descriptive cross-sectional survey study was conducted. Participants were asked about their demographic characteristics, professional experience, two knowledge tests (first without and later with MyofAPPcial support) and the 18-item mHealth app usability questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-nine participants completed the survey (47.5% clinicians and 62.5% researchers/educators). Groups were comparable in terms of age, gender and professional experience (p > .05). However, clinicians coursed shorter specific MPS trainings (p = .007) and handle more cases a week (p < .001). In the first knowledge test, participants in both the groups were more accurate in identifying pain maps of highly prevalent MTrPs than those with a moderate or low prevalence (p < .001), with no differences between the groups for individual items (all, p > .05) nor the total score (p > .05). In the second knowledge test, perfect scores were obtained for all items in both the groups. Finally, MyofAPPcial scored high satisfaction and app usefulness, with no difference between clinicians and researchers/educators (except greater convenience of use for researchers/educators p = .02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MyofAPPcial enhances physiotherapists' ability to accurately identify MTrPs, with a good acceptation among clinicians and researchers/educators.</p>","PeriodicalId":12013,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-phase clinical trials in oncology for adults in France: A preliminary empirical bioethics study.","authors":"Henri-Corto Stoeklé, Philippe Beuzeboc, Tara Payet, Christian Hervé, Jaafar Bennouna","doi":"10.1111/eci.14315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.14315","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12013,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rate of recurrence after discontinuing anticoagulation in patients with venous thromboembolism within 30 days after COVID-19 vaccine.","authors":"Luis Jara-Palomares, Behnood Bikdeli, David Jiménez, Alfonso Muriel, Pablo Demelo-Rodríguez, Isabelle Mahé, Juan José López-Núñez, Joaquín Alfonso Megido, Begoña Fernández Jiménez, Manuel Monreal","doi":"10.1111/eci.14310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.14310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study generated evidence to guide anticoagulation in patients with VTE after vaccination for COVID-19. We provided data on the low recurrence rate after cessation of anticoagulant therapy and the findings for this study offer timely insights into the management of a potentially vaccine-related adverse event.</p>","PeriodicalId":12013,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The hinge-1 domain of Flna is not necessary for diverse physiological functions in mice.","authors":"Emma M Wade, Elizabeth A Goodin, Tim Morgan, Stephana Pereira, Adele G Woolley, Zandra A Jenkins, Philip B Daniel, Stephen P Robertson","doi":"10.1111/eci.14308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.14308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The filamins are cytoskeletal binding proteins that dynamically crosslink actin into orthogonal networks or bundle it into stress fibres. The domain structure of filamin proteins is very well characterised, with an N-terminal actin-binding region, followed by 24 immunoglobulin-like repeat units. The repeat domains are separated into distinct segments by two regions of low-complexity known as hinge-1 and hinge-2. The role of hinge-1 especially has been proposed to be essential for protein function as it provides flexibility to the otherwise rigid protein, and is a target for cleavage by calpain. Hinge-1 protects cells from otherwise destructive forces, and the products of calpain cleavage are involved in critical cellular signalling processes, such as survival during hypoxia. Pathogenic variants in FLNA encoding Filamin A, including those that remove the hinge-1 domain, cause a wide range of survivable developmental disorders. In contrast, complete loss of function of this gene is embryonic lethal in human and mouse.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>In this study, we show that removing filamin A hinge-1 from mouse (Flna^ΔH1), while preserving its expression level leads to no obvious developmental phenotype. Detailed characterisation of the skeletons of Flna^ΔH1 mice showed no skeletal phenotype reminiscent of that found in the FLNA-causing skeletal dysplasia. Furthermore, nuclear functions of FLNA are maintained with loss of Filamin A hinge-1.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We conclude that hinge-1 is dispensable for filamin A protein function during development over the murine lifespan.</p>","PeriodicalId":12013,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142105809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological variability of human intraepithelial lymphocytes throughout the human gastrointestinal tract in health and coeliac disease.","authors":"Aida Fiz-López, Ángel De Prado, Elisa Arribas-Rodríguez, Francisco Javier García-Alonso, Sandra Izquierdo, Álvaro Martín-Muñoz, José A Garrote, Eduardo Arranz, Jesús Barrio, Luis Fernández-Salazar, David Bernardo","doi":"10.1111/eci.14304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.14304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intraepithelial lymphocytes are the first line of defence of the human intestinal immune system. Besides, their composition is altered on patients with coeliac disease (CD), so they are considered as biomarkers with utility on their diagnose and/or monitoring. Our aim is to address their variability through the human gastrointestinal tract in health and characterized them in further depth in the coeliac duodenum.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Intraepithelial lymphocytes were isolated from human gastric, duodenal, ileal and colonic biopsies, then stained with specific antibodies and acquired by flow cytometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results confirmed that the profile of Intraepithelial lymphocytes change through the length of the human gastrointestinal tract. Besides and given the central role that Interleukin-15 (IL-15) elicits on CD pathogenesis; we also assessed the expression of its receptor revealing that there was virtually no functional IL-15 receptor on duodenal Intraepithelial lymphocytes. Nevertheless and contrary to our expectations, the active IL-15 receptor was not increased either on Intraepithelial lymphocytes from CD patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IL-15 might require additional stimulus to activate intraepithelial lymphocytes. These findings may provide novel tools to aid on a CD diagnosis and/or monitoring, at the time that provide the bases to perform functional studies in order of getting a deeper insight in the specific function that Intraepithelial lymphocytes elicit on CD pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12013,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142105808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of concern","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/eci.14306","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eci.14306","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Expression of Concern: Rahmani E, Jamilian M, Dadpour B, Nezami Z, Vahedpoor Z, Mahmoodi S, Aghadavod E, Taghizadeh M, Beiki Hassan A, Asemi Z. The effects of fish oil on gene expression in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. <i>Eur J Clin Invest</i>. 2018;48(3):e12893. https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.12893.</p><p>This Expression of Concern is for the above article, published online on 23 January 2018 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), and has been published by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, Hendrik Nathoe, European Society for Clinical Investigation and John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd. The Expression of Concern has been agreed due to concerns raised regarding the integrity of the research and discrepancies in reporting. An investigation has been conducted by the National Committee for Ethics in Biomedical Research Iran, in coordination with Kashan University of Medical Sciences (KAUMS). However, without the verification of clinical records, there remain sufficient doubts about the feasibility and integrity of the research undertaken. As a result, the journal has decided to issue an Expression of Concern to alert readers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12013,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eci.14306","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142055281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}