European journal of anatomy最新文献

{"title":"The relationship of medial sigmoid depression and sigmoid notch morphology with vertical and sagittal growth patterns in Turkish population","authors":"Ali Cantürk Gürleyük, Defne Yeler, İ. Eninanç, H. Yeler","doi":"10.52083/eduf7397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/eduf7397","url":null,"abstract":"Medial sigmoid depression (MSD) is an anatomical variation located just below the deepest point of the sigmoid notch (SN). The etiology of MSD is unknown. It has been reported that increased maximum bite force affects the occurrence of MSD, and vertical growth pattern affects SN morphology. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of these malocclusions on the presence and morphology of MSD and SN, since bite force can change with vertical and sagittal growth patterns. This is the first study to investigate the effects of vertical growth pattern on the presence and morphology of MSD, and the effects of sagittal growth pattern on SN morphology. Panoramic and lateral cephalometric radiographs of a total of 634 (427 female, 207 male) patients aged from 18 to 35 years (mean 19.58) were included in this retrospective study. MSD and SN shapes, SN depth and width were evaluated on panoramic radiographs. Mann Whitney-U, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests were used for data analysis. Sagittal and vertical growth patterns were not significantly associated with the presence and shape of MSD (p>0.05). SN depth was greater in individuals with class III malocclusion, and both SN depth and width were lower in hyperdivergent individuals. There was no significant relationship between SN shapes and vertical and sagittal growth patterns (p>0.05). SN depth is affected by both vertical and sagittal growth pattern, and SN width is affected only by vertical growth pattern. The presence of MSD was not associated with growth pattern.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141036355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The possible protective role of vitamin C on rat parotid gland exposed to mobile phone radiation","authors":"Zainab Altaib, W.S. Sabbah, Ashraf Albrakati, Ali Abdelhady, Abeer Mostafa","doi":"10.52083/ggdj8047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/ggdj8047","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread use of cell phones recently has raised interest in studying the safety of exposure to their electromagnetic waves. This study aimed to evaluate the possible protective role of vitamin C (Vit. C) against the pathological effects produced by the relatively long duration of third-generation mobile phone radiation exposure in the parotid gland of male white albino rats. Also, to detect the expected recovery after 4 weeks of withdrawal by immunohistochemical, histopathological, and biomolecular studies. Forty male adult white albino rats were used in this study, equally divided into 4 groups of 10 rats in each group: Group I served as the sham control group; Group II was exposed to radiation by phone generator (2100 MHz) for 3 hours/day for 5 days/week for 6 weeks; and Group III was exposed to phone radiation similar to Group II and supplemented with Vit. C at a dose of 40 mg/kg for 5 days per week for 6 weeks. Group IV (withdrawal) was exposed to radiation as Group II, then left without intervention for 4 weeks. Histological and immunohistochemical, and the biochemical evaluation of oxidative stress within parotid tissue (malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), salivary total protein, and amylase activity). qRT-PCR for TGF, MMP2, NFKB, and TNF gene expression was performed in this study. Histological examination of the parotid gland in group II showed many histological changes, such as degenerative changes in the duct system, epithelial lining of the acini, interstitial space which. different collagen fibers and polysaccharides, blood capillaries, and nuclei. Also, alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and Ki-67 were aggravated. The statistical analysis showed that treating rats with vitamin C improved the parotid glands’ ability to secrete amylase activity and total protein. It also fixed the antioxidant. Inflammatory cytokines TNF, NFKB, and fibrotic marker TGF and MMP2 gene expression were significantly upregulated in the exposed group, which was restored nearly to the control group after Vit C supplementation. Long-term exposure to mobile radiation affected. the. secretory function and the histological structure of the parotid tissues. Vitamin C supplementation ameliorated these pathological effects.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141028041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The utility of soft-preservation in Medical Education: Current trends & future directions","authors":"Michael Leake, Aslam Ejaz, Romal Patel, Joy Y. Balta","doi":"10.52083/snuw7660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/snuw7660","url":null,"abstract":"The future of Medical Education (ME) must be evaluated in light of the increasing variety and availability of educational models and embalming techniques for student and physician education and training. To evaluate the viability and sustainability of the different learning models, research and data on the diverse teaching modalities will be assessed from the perspectives of training residents and physicians. A literature review was conducted to provide an overview of the diversity of soft-preservation techniques presently available. It was shown that ME is optimized using soft-preservation techniques, but that many are limited in their present ability to accurately reflect the live human anatomy, and that more research must be done to identify the optimal preservation technique given unique educational needs. The aggregation of current research study results will aid educational programs in identifying the modalities of training most appropriate for their curriculum, and help in identifying models that can be utilized long-term to improve ME.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141037499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphometric analysis of the mastoid process using cone beam computed tomography","authors":"Karthikeya Patil, C. Sanjay, Christopher Varusha Sharon, Eswari Solayappan, Sharath Niranjan, B.V. Deepa","doi":"10.52083/xiod6609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/xiod6609","url":null,"abstract":"The sexual dimorphism of the mastoid process, as demonstrated by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), is not well examined in forensic anthropology or clinical diagnostics. The mastoid region can be precisely imaged in three dimensions using CBCT, which reveals minute anatomical variations between males and females. These characteristics can help forensic professionals identify the sex of unidentified human remains, helping to solve crimes and aid in the search for missing persons. Moreover, recognising sexual dimorphism in the mastoid process in clinical settings can help with precise patient identification and individualised medical treatments, highlighting the important function of CBCT in both the forensic and medical areas.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141023700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of oxytocin receptor antagonist (GSK-221-149-A) on mandibular bone porosity in peri-menopausal rats","authors":"Ahmed S. Ahmed, Liju S Mathew, Marwa M. Mona, Omaima K. Docmac, Hoda A. Ibrahim, A. Elshamy, E. Hantash, Rasha A. Elsisy","doi":"10.52083/xmjo8562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/xmjo8562","url":null,"abstract":"The period of peri-menopause (PMP) is characterized by hormonal fluctuations that impact the strength and health of bones. Oxytocin (OX), a small peptide known to be present in bone tissue, is the focus of this study. The objective of this research is to gain a better understanding of how OX precisely functions in the remodeling process of the mandibular bone. This understanding is seen as a crucial step in preventing the loss of both cortical and trabecular bone during the PMP. The current findings indicate that OX plays a role in preserving both compact and trabecular bone tissues, enhancing the mineral-to-matrix ratio, and regulating bone markers. Furthermore, it reduces porosity in both cortical and trabecular bone levels. Interestingly, these effects are reversed when an oxytocin receptor antagonist (GSK-221,149-A) is introduced, suggesting that OX’s bone-preserving action is primarily mediated through the oxytocin receptor, rather than other mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141048863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spleen anatomic variations in the context of morphology","authors":"Sani Baimai, Panicha Chaiwichayanant, S. Sricharoenvej, C. Manoonpol","doi":"10.52083/ixww6102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/ixww6102","url":null,"abstract":"The immune and hematopoietic systems in the human body depend on the spleen. The understanding of anatomical and morphological variations of the spleen and its arterial vascular segments (AVS) is crucial for performing whole or partial splenectomy in the treatment of splenomegaly and splenic rupture. The aim of this study was to compare the anatomical differences in the spleen and its AVS in Thai cadavers of both sexes. This cadaveric study was performed on 77 cadaveric spleens (males = 38 and females = 39) from the Gross Anatomy Laboratory at the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University. The average morphological measures of the observed spleens were 9.11±1.40 cm in length, 6.57±1.46 cm in width, 3.11±0.67 cm in thickness in male cadavers, and 8.77±1.87 cm in length, 5.91±1.35 cm in width, and 2.90±0.78 cm in thickness in female cadavers. The variations in spleen form were 7.79% oval, 16.88% tetrahedral, 28.57% triangular, and 46.75% wedge. The mean splenic hilum length was 5.14±1.10 cm in males and 5.12±1.22 cm in females. The mean lobar branch to hilum distance was 2.26±0.98 cm in males and 2.29±1.05 cm in females. Females were more likely than males to have two lobar arteries. Three lobar arteries, however, were more prevalent in males. The occurrence of accessory spleens was 2.63% for males and 7.50% for females. According to the data, there were significant differences in the number of lobar arteries and spleen size between male and female Thai cadavers.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140086362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nephroprotective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on cisplatin induced kidney injury in albino rats","authors":"Mohamed Elsheikh, Heba A. Mubarak, Sayed Anwar Sayed","doi":"10.52083/ufpk9237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/ufpk9237","url":null,"abstract":"isplatin is a chemotherapeutic drug used in the treatment of a variety of cancers, with a known side effect of nephrotoxicity. Using stem cell therapy represents a distinctive and encouraging approach to remediate damaged organs. The administration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) has the potential to mitigate the adverse effects of cisplatin nephrotoxicity, thus helping with both functional and histological recuperation. Twenty-four mature male albino rats were divided into four groups. 1 ml of normal saline was injected intraperitoneally (I.P.) into the control group. Cisplatin was injected once (6 mg/kg I.P.) into the cisplatin group. 0.5 ml of culture media with 5 x 106 BMMSCs was injected i.p. with 6 mg/kg I.P. cisplatin in the BMMSC group. The withdrawal group received no treatment after cisplatin injections. At different times, groups were sacrificed. Kidney specimens were made for histology and immunohistochemistry. Morphometric and statistical studies were done. Blood urea and serum creatinine were evaluated before sacrifice. There were statistically significant differences between the studied groups regarding markers of incidence of acute tubular necrosis and recovery, suggesting that cisplatin therapy caused acute tubular necrosis, whereas BMMSCs improved renal function markers, including blood urea and serum creatinine levels and tissue restoration. Stem cell rats also showed cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) in cells near tubules, helping injured kidneys regenerate tubular cells. The use of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) mitigated the nephrotoxic effects of cisplatin, thus showing a restorative effect on both functional and histological parts.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140087645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aberrant right subclavian artery: its clinical importance in thoracic surgery","authors":"Kenjiro Arisawa, Sén Takeda","doi":"10.52083/yhnn6249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/yhnn6249","url":null,"abstract":"Anomalies of the aortic arch include various variations. Aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is one of the most common variations in this region, with an incidence of approximately 1% of all population. For this reason, ARSA is accidentally encountered during clinical settings. In 2019, we encountered a case of ARSA during a human cadaver dissection course for medical students at Teikyo University. This cadaver did not have a Kommerell’s diverticulum, which is often accompanied in ARSA. While the present case is a vascular anomaly, it has a clinical relevance because of its topographical nature juxtaposed to the trachea and esophagus.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140085447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical variant of the azygos vein course in a cancer patient and review of the literature","authors":"K. Doello, F. Quiñonero, G. Perazzoli, José Prados, C. Mesas","doi":"10.52083/jhce5294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/jhce5294","url":null,"abstract":"The azygos vein is responsible for drainage through a staff of venous blood from the chest wall for the most part. Sometimes its course causes the independence of part of the lung parenchyma, which is known as the accessory lobe of the azygos. The present article presents the casual radiological finding of this anatomical variant in a 70-year-old patient undergoing a computed tomography scan for colon cancer. The azygos accessory lobe is a mostly asymptomatic anatomical variation, but it can be a problem in some thoracic surgeries.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140082938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible vascular complications due to anatomical variations in dental surgical treatments","authors":"Matilde Moreno-Cascales, Yolanda Guerrero-Sánchez, Miguel A. Fernández-Villacañas, Juan A. Suarez-Quintanilla, L. López-González, Ofelia González-Sequeros","doi":"10.52083/xkvf1039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52083/xkvf1039","url":null,"abstract":"The facial artery undergoes multiple anatomic variations that condition the territory that vascularizes to the facial level. During the dissection of several pieces, we find a curious anatomic alteration in which the transverse facial artery is the one that replaces the facial artery because it disappears at the level of the submandibular gland. This anatomic variance can help to improve the knowledge of the vascularization of this area and be helpful in the different surgical or aesthetic processes in the facial region, and doing so minimizes the damages that can be caused in the anatomical surfaces treated. This is why in the planning of the treatment it would be always useful to know the path of the main vessels and nerves to avoid their possible injury and, in this case, we recommend the use of means such as ultrasound.","PeriodicalId":11978,"journal":{"name":"European journal of anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140086125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}