European Journal of Neurology最新文献

{"title":"Retrograde Amnesia in LGI1 and CASPR2 Limbic Encephalitis: Two Case Reports and a Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Malvaso Antonio,&nbsp;Denise Cerne,&nbsp;Bernini Sara,&nbsp;Bottiroli Sara,&nbsp;Marchioni Enrico,&nbsp;Businaro Pietro,&nbsp;Masciocchi Stefano,&nbsp;Morandi Chiara,&nbsp;Scaranzin Silvia,&nbsp;Emanuela Maria Mobilia,&nbsp;Stefano F. Cappa,&nbsp;Benedetti Luana,&nbsp;Franciotta Diego,&nbsp;Matteo Gastaldi","doi":"10.1111/ene.70113","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ene.70113","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both anterograde and retrograde amnesia can typically co-occur in limbic autoimmune encephalitis (LAE), including the forms associated with antibodies to CASPR2/LGI1, two protein complexed with the voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC). However, isolated retrograde amnesia is very rare, and it has never been described in LAE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We report two patients with CASPR2 LAE who showed isolated retrograde amnesia, without other significant cognitive impairments. A systematic literature review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines on patients with LAE, antibodies to the VGKC complex (including LGI1, CASPR2, or the VGKC), and memory impairment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 467 patients from 29 studies. Fourteen/467 had retrograde amnesia (2.9%), which co-occurred with anterograde amnesia in 12 with VGKC antibodies (7 with LGI1 LAE-like clinical phenotypes). Our two cases with CASPR2 LAE (2/469, 0.4%) were the only ones with isolated retrograde amnesia, which was actively investigated in only 56/467 patients. Thirteen/14 patients, including the two with isolated retrograde amnesia, had partial or poor cognitive improvement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrograde amnesia is rare but likely under-recognized in VGKC-complex antibodies LAE and associates with poor recovery. When isolated, it adds to the spectrum of CASPR2 LAE. These findings promote insights into retrograde amnesia pathophysiology, deserving investigation across the whole spectrum of AE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11954,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neurology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11927019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of Traumatic Brain Injury Does Not Influence Rate of Progression of Clinical or Pathological Outcomes in Two Early Parkinson's Disease Cohorts","authors":"Angus McNamara,&nbsp;Irina Baetu,&nbsp;Lyndsey Collins-Praino","doi":"10.1111/ene.70090","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ene.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with an increased risk of developing neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's Disease (PD). However, TBI's influences on disease progression remain underassessed. This study explored whether a history of TBI influences the progression of pathological and clinical outcomes up to 5 years of follow-up in individuals with early PD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Longitudinal data were extracted from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) and the PostCEPT observational study. Participants in PostCEPT had complete head injury data, while PPMI participants were eligible if they completed the head injury section of the PD Risk Factor Questionnaire (<i>n</i> = 208). Principal component analysis was used to derive composite scores of cognitive ability and mood dysfunction, with motor outcomes calculated using the Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Progression of clinical and pathological outcomes up to 5 years and 4 years following study entry were compared, including subset analyses in PPMI examining injury severity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with a history of TBI in the PPMI dataset exhibited a younger age of onset; however, a history of TBI did not affect progression rates of any assessed variables across both cohorts. Exploratory analysis determined that injury severity significantly predicted striatal dopamine transporter binding but accounted for only a small portion of outcome variance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While the history of TBI was associated with earlier PD onset, it did not correspond to a differential disease course. However, given differences in TBI characterisation between cohorts, additional research must be conducted to validate these findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11954,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neurology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11926254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Profile in Adult Patients With Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease: A Comparative Study With Multiple Sclerosis","authors":"Giorgia Teresa Maniscalco,&nbsp;Antonio Rosario Ziello,&nbsp;Elisa Mantovani,&nbsp;Alessandro Dinoto,&nbsp;Daniele Di Giulio Cesare,&nbsp;Ornella Moreggia,&nbsp;Maria Elena Di Battista,&nbsp;Sara Carta,&nbsp;Vanessa Chiodega,&nbsp;Emanuela Stoppele,&nbsp;Sergio Ferrari,&nbsp;Vincenzo Andreone,&nbsp;Stefano Tamburin,&nbsp;Sara Mariotto","doi":"10.1111/ene.70115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.70115","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) has emerged as an acquired immune-mediated demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system distinct from multiple sclerosis (MS). Cognitive dysfunction and related symptoms (anxiety, depression, fatigue) and their impact on quality of life (QoL) have been in-depth characterized in MS, but data in adult MOGAD patients are very preliminary.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to characterize cognitive changes through an extensive cognitive battery, as well as anxiety, depression, fatigue, and QoL, in adult MOGAD compared to MS patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cognitive outcomes (number of patients with abnormal scores, score severity) depression, anxiety, fatigue, and QoL were largely comparable between MOGAD and MS patients. Most cognitive outcomes were not significantly correlated with neuropsychiatric symptoms, fatigue, and QOL in MOGAD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study underscores the importance of cognitive and related outcomes in MOGAD patients and the need for future studies exploring their pathophysiological and cortical morphometric underpinnings and potential therapeutic approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11954,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neurology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ene.70115","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, Regional, and National Burden of Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias in Young Adults Aged 40–64 Years, 1990–2021: A Population-Based Study","authors":"Zenghui Zhang,&nbsp;Shaojie Han,&nbsp;Huimin Zhu,&nbsp;Qianyun Wang,&nbsp;Siyuan Cheng,&nbsp;Yuchen Han,&nbsp;Fengjuan Li,&nbsp;Jun Guo","doi":"10.1111/ene.70116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.70116","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early-onset Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (EOAD) impose significant burdens on affected individuals and their families. However, the global burden of EOAD has not been fully investigated. We aimed to assess the global, regional, and national burden of EOAD using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) study from 1990 to 2021.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data for adults aged 40–64 were extracted within the GBD 2021 framework. Primary outcomes included age-standardized prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for EOAD, as well as average annual percentage change (AAPC) across 21 regions and 204 countries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In 2021, EOAD cases reached 7.75 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 5.82–10.08), up from 3.67 million cases (95% UI 2.75–4.76) in 1990. The age-standardized prevalence rate increased from 341.2 per 100,000 (95% UI 255.89–442.79) in 1990 to 363.5 per 100,000 in 2021, with an AAPC of 0.26% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). EOAD prevalence was higher in women than in men in 2021 (4.28 million, 95% UI 3.24–5.56, vs. 3.46 million, 95% UI 2.57–4.52). EOAD was associated with 0.07 million (95% UI 0.01–0.23) deaths and 3.77 million (95% UI 1.69–8.88) DALYs in 2021. Additionally, 1.06 million (95% UI 0.07–3.03) DALYs were attributable to smoking, elevated fasting plasma glucose, and high body mass index.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The global number of EOAD cases among adults aged 40–64 years more than doubled from 1990 to 2021. Targeted strategies and interventions are urgently needed to address this growing public health issue.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11954,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neurology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ene.70116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide Risk and Associated Factors in Parkinson Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study","authors":"Seo Yeon Yoon,&nbsp;Jee Hyun Suh,&nbsp;Jin Hyung Jung,&nbsp;Sang Chul Lee,&nbsp;Kyungdo Han,&nbsp;Yong Wook Kim","doi":"10.1111/ene.70111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.70111","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although increased mortality in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) is well documented, studies on suicide-related mortality have yielded conflicting results. Moreover, the impact of comorbidities, socioeconomic factors and health behaviours as potential risk factors for suicide remains underinvestigated. This study aimed to investigate suicide mortality risk in patients with PD and comprehensively elucidate the association between comorbidities, socioeconomic factors, health behaviours and suicide in PD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This nationwide population-based cohort study used Korean National Health Insurance Service data from 2009, with a longitudinal follow-up until 31 December 2021.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study included 2,732,294 (PD, <i>n</i> = 4132; without PD, <i>n</i> = 2,728,162) individuals. PD was defined by ICD-10 code (G20) and registration code (V124). Comorbidities were identified using medical history, ICD-10 codes, laboratory data and prescribed medications. Health behaviours were obtained from a self-reported National Health Screening Program questionnaire. The primary outcome was suicide mortality, determined by ICD-10 codes for intentional self-harm (X60-X84).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Suicide mortality in patients with PD increased by 2.71-fold. Males with PD had more than a sevenfold higher risk (HR = 7.34, 95% CI, 5.25–10.26). Low-income patients with PD had an approximately fivefold higher risk compared to high-income non-PD individuals (HR = 5.10, 95% CI, 3.07–8.46). Patients with PD concomitant with depression (HR = 5.00, 95% CI, 3.06–8.16) and alcohol consumption (HR = 3.54, 95% CI, 2.14–5.89) also showed increased suicide risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study suggests that patients with PD have a higher risk of suicide, particularly males, those with lower income, depression or alcohol consumption.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11954,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neurology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ene.70111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Prehospital Acute Transfer of Patients With Presumed Stroke Given Economic Constraints","authors":"Nicklas Ennab Vogel,&nbsp;Tobias Andersson Granberg,&nbsp;Per Wester,&nbsp;Lars-Åke Levin","doi":"10.1111/ene.70112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.70112","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Treatment with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) remains inaccessible for many patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO) and under-utilization prevails across healthcare systems. Increasing the number of thrombectomy centers and ambulance helicopters may alleviate these issues.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to determine the most effective combination of optimally located ambulance helicopters and thrombectomy centers for the economically constrained healthcare system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This nation-wide, observational study analyses anonymized patient-level registry data stretching over a 6-year study period in Sweden. It combines optimization modeling with cost-effectiveness analysis to generate combinations of optimally located thrombectomy centers and ambulance helicopters to compare with the current eight locations of thrombectomy centers in Sweden and no ambulance helicopters. The analysis extends to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of increasing the number of thrombectomy centers and ambulance helicopters when the current eight locations remain fixed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The most cost-effective solution comprises 11 thrombectomy centers and 14 ambulance helicopters, corresponding to densities of 1.05 and 1.34 per one million inhabitants, respectively. It yields an estimated annual incremental net monetary benefit (INMB) close to €13.6 million. In the extended scenario analysis, the most cost-effective solution comprised nine thrombectomy centers and 13 ambulance helicopters, with an estimated annual INMB of €3.8 million.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The most cost-effective combination of optimally located thrombectomy centers and ambulance helicopters brings about substantial health gains for patients with AIS due to LVO, compared with the current eight locations of thrombectomy centers in Sweden and ambulance helicopters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11954,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neurology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ene.70112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is a Benign Disease Course Possible in Untreated AQP4-IgG NMOSD?","authors":"Pakeeran Siriratnam,&nbsp;Chiara Rocchi,&nbsp;Emily Gibbons,&nbsp;Patricia Kelly,&nbsp;Samantha Linaker,&nbsp;Saif Huda","doi":"10.1111/ene.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most patients with aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-IgG NMOSD) require life-long immunosuppression to prevent relapses. Patients who are untreated or undergo de-escalation of therapy typically experience severe disabling relapses. We present a series of patients who, despite not receiving immunosuppression, developed minimal disability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Case series from a UK national NMOSD referral centre. We defined benign disease as an estimated disability status scale score of ≤ 3 after a minimum of 4 years without immunotherapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 153 AQP4-IgG NMOSD patients, 8 (5.2%) had a benign disease course after a median follow-up of 7.5 years (Q1: 5.8, Q3: 13.3) without immunotherapy. All patients were female, and 7/8 were of White racial background. Clinical attacks included isolated optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, area postrema syndrome or combinations of these syndromes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The presence of benign NMOSD and the potential for safe de-escalation of therapy in NMOSD remains unclear. This study suggests that both may be possible. Further studies of similar cases could provide valuable insights and identify biomarkers for safe treatment discontinuation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11954,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neurology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ene.70049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond early motor response: Longitudinal cognitive and gait assessments after extended lumbar drainage in normal pressure hydrocephalus","authors":"Stefano Caneva,&nbsp;Mehrnaz Hamedani,&nbsp;Alessandro Pesaresi,&nbsp;Laura Mori,&nbsp;Annalisa Marzi,&nbsp;Lucia Pellegrino,&nbsp;Paolo Merciadri,&nbsp;Andrea Bianconi,&nbsp;Gianluigi Zona,&nbsp;Matteo Pardini,&nbsp;Pietro Fiaschi","doi":"10.1111/ene.16567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.16567","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a multifactorial progressive disease affecting cognition, gait, and urinary continence, potentially reversible, or at least improvable, by a prompt surgical intervention. Given its potential surgical improvement, it is crucial to determine who will benefit of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. To date, although several procedures are considered useful to diagnose iNPH, there is no agreement concerning the best timing of the clinical assessment or the role played by formal cognitive testing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty participants with suspected iNPH were assessed at baseline, 2, and 15 days after 24-h extended lumbar drainage (ELD). Timed Up and Go test (TUG), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) were administered in order to quantify motor and cognitive performances. The TUG was used to assess clinical response to ELD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our sample showed significant differences between baseline assessment and follow-ups in the majority of tests. Although some enhancements in performances appeared in the first post-ELD assessment, both treatment responders and non-responders showed better performances in the delayed assessment. Post hoc comparison found significant differences in each time point between the two groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results emphasize the key role of performing multiple assessments post CSF drainage, as response can be more prominent in a delayed rather than an early phase.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11954,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neurology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ene.16567","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurology Undergraduate Medical Education: A Scoping Review","authors":"L. McElligott,&nbsp;A. Ardilouze,&nbsp;J. Moloney,&nbsp;A. ElSheikhId,&nbsp;C. Healy,&nbsp;H. Leahy,&nbsp;K. Babatunde,&nbsp;C. Cahir,&nbsp;P. Murphy,&nbsp;N. Delanty,&nbsp;N. McElvaney,&nbsp;S. Byrne,&nbsp;E. McGovern","doi":"10.1111/ene.70061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To map the current literature on undergraduate neurology medical education and research. Recommendations for future undergraduate neurology education and research are described.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PRISMA—Scoping Review guidelines and Arksey and O′Malley's methodological framework are followed. Four databases and gray literature was searched with Oxford Evidence-Based Medicine level of evidence applied. A thematic framework was used to identify the main study outcomes. A narrative description and quantitative frequency analysis were used for results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nine-hundred and twenty-two articles were retrieved, 102 studies met the inclusion criteria. We identified four main study outcomes using a thematic framework. Our review found that (1) the main undergraduate neurology teaching styles are didactic and experiential teaching methods. (2) Research design of undergraduate neurology teaching is heterogenous. (3) The outcome measures most frequently used in undergraduate neurology research are student perception and knowledge.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Undergraduate neurology education research is challenging due to the heterogeneity in research design and teaching methodology. Evidence-based guidelines are limited. This gap in the literature represents an opportunity to develop tailored guidelines for undergraduate neurology education and research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11954,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neurology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ene.70061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Autosomal Dominant Cerebral Arteriopathy With Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy","authors":"Fangwei Hu,&nbsp;Weijie Xie,&nbsp;Mengting Fan,&nbsp;Yuanrong Wang,&nbsp;Shuyan Xu,&nbsp;Wenxin Qiu,&nbsp;Tao Yang,&nbsp;Huimin Lv,&nbsp;Huiqing Huang,&nbsp;Yijia Wu,&nbsp;Ying Fu,&nbsp;Bin Cai","doi":"10.1111/ene.70100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.70100","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most common hereditary cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is reported to be increasing in CADASIL patients from areas where the p.R544C mutation is prevalent (e.g., Jeju and Chinese Taiwan) but is rare in Caucasians. We attempted to determine potentially genetic, clinical, and/or neuroimaging risk factors for ICH in Chinese CADASIL patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective observational study included 190 patients with CADASIL and 179 patients with sporadic CSVD. NOTCH3 genotypes as well as clinical and neuroimaging manifestations were compared between ICH and non-ICH patients, and both logistic regression and a subgroup analysis were used to adjust for confounding factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 190 CADASIL patients in the present study, 43 patients (22.6%) had ICH lesions. A total of 62 ICH lesions were recorded. Thalamic ICH lesions were the most common (40.3%), followed by basal ganglia (32.3%) and temporal lobe (8.1%). In subgroup analysis, the ICH group had a higher prevalence of CMB than the non-ICH group, including in the basal ganglia region (58.3% vs. 23.3%, <i>p</i> = 0.037) and thalamus (75.0% vs. 38.3%, <i>p</i> = 0.020). The p.R544C mutation (aOR 6.390; 95% CI, 1.308–31.225; <i>p</i> = 0.022) and total SVD score (aOR 1.731; 95% CI, 1.003–2.990; <i>p</i> = 0.049) were independently associated with ICH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ICH is a common clinical manifestation of CADASIL patients in southeast coastal China. Hypertension, total SVD score, and the p.R544C mutation are associated with CADASIL ICH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: (NCT04318119)</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11954,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Neurology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ene.70100","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}