Esculapio最新文献

{"title":"Morphometric Measurement of Distance of Nutrient Foramen from Proximal, Distal Ends and Circumferential Diameter at the level of Nutrient Foramen in dry adult Humerii","authors":"Hafiz Moeen-ud-Din, Ayesha Afzal, Asma Siddique, Raafeya Rashid, Muhammad Suhail, Shahmurad Mastoi, Uruj Zehra","doi":"10.51273/esc21.251748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51273/esc21.251748","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To analyse the morphometric measurements of different parameters of adult dry humerii bones with reference to its clinical importance in different surgical conditions. Bones were available in the department of Anatomy, King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan. Methods: Across sectional morphometric study which was done from 1st March 2021 to 30th April 2021 in the department of anatomy by having 60 dry humerii. Bones which were not in good condition or damaged by any means were excluded from study. Different parameters like maximum length of humerus, distance of nutrient foramina from the different ends of humerus and the circumferential diameter of shaft at the level of nutrient foramen were also noted. The number, distance and site of nutrient foramina were noted macroscopically by using a vernier caliper, measuring scale and metallic wire. Ethical clearance was taken from Ethical review board of King Edward medical university. Results: The number of right sided humerii were 31 and the number of left humerii were 29. The number of nutrient foramen varies in right and left side. On the right side the number of nutrient foramina were more as compared to the left side. Out of total right sided; 9 humerii were having double nutrient foramen and out of total left sided humerii ; the double nutrient foramen was found in only 1. When it compared to this study, the results for total length of humerus between right and left side it showed no significant difference as p-value was 0.311. But when it compared to the diameter between the two groups it showed the significant difference as p-value is < 0.05. Conclusion: It is concluded that variations in the morphometry of humerus was present in current study. Such as humerus can have more than one nutrient foramen. Single nutrient foramen is mostly seen in both sides of humerii. Although there was no difference seen in the size and location of foramina and no statistical difference was found between maximum length of right and left humerii. But this study will add further knowledge of humerus into literature regarding variations in its morphology present in local population. This knowledge will also help clinicians during any type of reconstructive bone surgery.","PeriodicalId":11923,"journal":{"name":"Esculapio","volume":"118 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138590703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Diagnostic Accuracy of Modified Alvarado's Score Vs AIR Score in Acute Appendicitis","authors":"Muzaffar Aziz, Abdul Hannan Javaid, Muhammad Ayub, Hajra Khan, Umama Hayat Qureshi, Khalid Hussain Qureshi","doi":"10.51273/esc23.25131936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51273/esc23.25131936","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of MASS Vs AIR score in patients with acute appendicitis taking histopathology as gold standard. Material and Methods: Study design is cross sectional study (Validation). The study took place in the Department of General Surgery Nishtar Hospital Multan form 2nd august 2022 to 1 Feb 2023. The technique used for sampling is Non-Pro-bability consecutive sampling. Sample size is calculated using PASS 11, through formula for paired sensitivities (McNemar test). In total, 148 patients with diagnosis of acutely inflamed appendix, fulfilling the inclusion criteria, after taking informed consent, were enrolled. Baseline data including age, gender, MASS and AIRS was noted. Results: patients were having a mean age of 32.91±9.06 years. There were 97(65.54%) male and 51(34.46%) female. Histopathology showed 114(77.03%) patients had acute appendicitis. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV&amp; DAwas 71.05%, 85.29%, 94.18%, 46.77%&amp;74.23% respectively for MASS. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV&amp; DAwas 94.49%, 88.23%, 96.49%, 88.23% &amp;94.59% respectively for AIR. Conclusion: AIR score is an improved diagnostic scoring system than MASS for acute appendicitis.AIR is more sensitive and more specific than MASS. In addition, the two scores can be easily computed through a detailed history and clinical exam and basic laboratory tests.","PeriodicalId":11923,"journal":{"name":"Esculapio","volume":"52 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135431989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Postplacental Intrauterine Device Insertion","authors":"Kiran Noureen, Amna khanum, Mehwish Ayyaz, Bushra Haq, Alia Masood, Zubda Aiman","doi":"10.51273/esc23.251319319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51273/esc23.251319319","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine efficacy of post-placental IUD insertion in terms. Material and Methods: This descriptive case series was conducted from 01-02-2022 to 30-04-2022 at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit 5 Lady Aitchison Hospital and unit 2 Services hospital Lahore.145 cases were studied by taking 95% confidence internal, 5% absolute precision and prevalence of administration issue as 10.5%. Non probabiling consecutive sampling teaching was employed. Results: Out of 145 objects expulsion occurred in 10 cases (6.9%). Conclusion: In conclusion, post placental insertion of the Tcu 380A IUD was feasible with less expulsion rate and not associated with significant side effects","PeriodicalId":11923,"journal":{"name":"Esculapio","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139282809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A ComparativeAnalysis of 4% Chlorhexidine Versus Methylated Spirit as Prophylaxis of Omphalitis and Sepsis in Newborns","authors":"Mehwish Akhtar, Lubna Riaz, Asfand Tariq, Araiz Mansoor Naji, Ahmad Zunair Wasim, Maria Javed","doi":"10.51273/esc23.251319318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51273/esc23.251319318","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the effectiveness of 4% chlorhexidine and methylated spirit in newborns for prevention of omphalitis and neonatal sepsis. Material and Methods: This open label randomized control trial was carried out in neonatal unit of Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from 1st September 2020 to 30th August 2021. After meeting the inclusion criteria, 300 neonates were enrolled. In group A 4% chlorhexidine was applied for cord care and in group B methylated spirit was used. Neonates were followed till 10th day of life, none was lost to the study. Careful examination was done for cord separation and for any signs of omphalitis or sepsis. Results: In Chlorhexidine group omphalitis was present in 56(37.3%) patients and in Methylated spirit group 66(44%) patients had omphalitis (p-value=0.240). In Chlorhexidine group 36(24%) patients while in Methylated spirit 50(33.3%) developed sepsis (p-value=0.074). Conclusion: Methylated spirit and 4% chlorhexidine are equally effective in newborns for prevention of omphalitis and neonatal sepsis.","PeriodicalId":11923,"journal":{"name":"Esculapio","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139282754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Different Serotypes of Uro-Pathogenic Escherichia Coli(UPEC) causing Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections and the Effect of Cranberry Extract on them","authors":"Zahid Zia, Safwa Mahmood, Fatima Salam","doi":"10.51273/esc23.25131939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51273/esc23.25131939","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the prevalence of different serotypes of Uro-Pathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) causing recurrent urinary tract infections and to assess the effect of Cranberry extract on them. Material and Methods: It is cross sectional retrospective study conducted in Mayo Hospital Lahore. Atotal of 60 samples of urine were collected from patients admitted in from Urology Department with history of recurrent urinary tract infections. Urine studies were performed including: Urine microscopy, urine culture on CLED medium, biochemical isolation and serotyping of Uro-Pathogenic Escherichia coli. The patients were given Cranberry Extract x 500mg once daily for 3 months, after which a follow-up urine study was performed. Results: A total of 60 urine samples were collected, out of which 15 strains of Uro-Pathogenic Escherichia coli were isolated. 53% of strains tested positive for E.Coli-26 serotype, and 47% tested positive for E.Coli-45 serotype.After taking Cranberry extract for 3 months, 67% of E.coli positive urine samples turned negative. Cranberry extract was 100% effective at eliminating E.Coli-45 serotype infection, but only 38% effective at eliminating E.Coli-26 serotype infection. Conclusion: Findings of this study show promising results of Cranberry extract in mitigating the severity of recurrent urinary tract infections especially those caused by Uro-Pathogenic Escherichia coli-45 serotype.","PeriodicalId":11923,"journal":{"name":"Esculapio","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135431991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self Medication Practices in Medical Students of Nishter Medical University; A Cross Sectional Study","authors":"Noaman Ishaq, Muhammad Usama Ilyas, Maria ., Kamran Ahmed Malik, Zainab Rahman, Nausheen Ata, Hafiz Bilal Murtaza","doi":"10.51273/esc23.25131938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51273/esc23.25131938","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aims to evaluate how medical students perceive and use self-medication. We also intend to find how the prevalence varies between the pre-clinical (MBBS Year 1and 2) and clinical (MBBS Year 3,4 and 5) students. Material and Method: The study was carried out in Nishtar Medical University from Aug 2022 to Oct 2022. A total of 400 students, 200 preclinical and 200 clinical, were chosen through non probability convenient sampling and were asked to fill a pre designed questionnaire form to complete this cross-sectional study. Results: Comparison of the prevalence of self-medication in clinical and preclinical students exhibited a p value of 0.026, with 84.2 % clinical and 74.7% pre-clinical students practicing self-medications. Conclusion: It has been observed that medical students frequently perform self-medication in both their preclinical and clinical groups.","PeriodicalId":11923,"journal":{"name":"Esculapio","volume":"52 s33","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135431987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Oral Health and Oral Hygiene Practices of Transgender Community in Lahore","authors":"Muhammad Suleman, Zakia Qasim, Sohail Akram, Faisal Shafiq Malik, Maryam Aabdi, Shaheer Tehami, Faisal Izhar","doi":"10.51273/esc23.25131932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51273/esc23.25131932","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of the current study was to assess the oral health of Trans-genders in Lahore City. Material and Methods: This study was designed as a descriptive cross-sectional study to assess the oral health statuses and oral hygiene practices of trans-genders in Lahore city. The data was collected using a validated questionnaire. Prior to participating in the study, all participants signed a consent form. Results: The study included 149 participants who were all trans-genders residing in Lahore city. Each participant was assessed and examined individually during the survey. The age of the participants ranged from 19 to 60 years, with a mean age of 36.49 years (SD=10.036). The mean number of decayed teeth (D) was 3.4 (SD=1.531), while the mean number of missing teeth (M) was 2.94 (SD=1.497). On average, participants had 0.52 filled teeth (F) (SD=0.15), and the total DMFT score (T) ranged from 1 to 18, with a mean of 6.86 (SD=2.99). Conclusion: Through this study, It was observed that caries experience among trans-gender community of Lahore is at high levels. Therefore, it is recommended that they undergo regular oral health checkups and take necessary preventive measures. This includes adopting proper brushing techniques and using other oral health aids to promote overall oral health.","PeriodicalId":11923,"journal":{"name":"Esculapio","volume":"52 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135430941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenging the Safety Profile of Bipolar TURP Regarding Dilutional Hyponatremia","authors":"Noman Ali Ghazanfar, Sohail Hassan, Shahid Niaz, Muhammad Raheem Sajjad, Rana Muhammad Umar, Abdur Rasheed Khokhar","doi":"10.51273/esc23.25131935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51273/esc23.25131935","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To measure the extent of Dilutional Hyponatremia after Transurethral resection of prostate using Bipolar Resection Technique. Material and Methods: The study was conducted at Social Security Teaching Hospital Lahore. The study was carried out between 1st June 2022 to 30th November 2022. All patients who were candidates of surgical option and were planned TURP were included. They had pre-operative sodium levels done and this was compared to post operative levels on first post operative day. All patients included in the study had moderate prostate size and had resection time less than one hour. Results: Total 45 patients having undergone bipolar TURP were included in the study. Among these 45 patients, 19 patients had a decrease in sodium levels postoperatively ,further in these 19 patients, 14 patients had a decrease of less than 5 mEq/L .In 2 out of total 45 patients the sodium levels remained same post operatively. In 24 patients out of total 45 there was an increase in sodium levels, further in these 24 patients ,19 patients had an increase of less than 5mEq/L . In all 45 patients no clinical symptoms of dilutional hyponatremia were observed. Conclusion: There was no significant dilutional hyponatremia seen after bipolar TURP and wherever observed did not caused any clinical impact , proclaiming Bipolar TURP as a safe option for prevention of dilutional Hyponatremia during surgery for Benign prostate enlargement (BPE).","PeriodicalId":11923,"journal":{"name":"Esculapio","volume":"52 s39","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135431990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Serum Levels of Vitamin D","authors":"Maria Hameed, Mudassar Zia, Muniza Qayyum, Hijab Hameed, Riffat Yasmin, Shabab Zahra","doi":"10.51273/esc23.25131931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51273/esc23.25131931","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To find out the status of vitamin D in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Material and Methods: This comparative study was conducted in Govt Kot Khawaja Saeed Teaching Hospital. Duration of study was from June 2017 to June 2018. A case control study was carried out on 60 patients with Rheumatoid arthritis (age range 25 to 60 years fulfils the criteria of 2010 Rheumatoid arthritis classification. Duration of study was from June 2017 to June 2018. Patients/controls were comprised as group A (30 patients with mild arthritis), group B (30 patients with moderate form of arthritis) and group C (20 age, sex matched healthy controls). Results: Mean age of patients was 36.50 years. Majority of women were house wives with average health status with normal pulse rate and blood pressure. Clinical variables of patients showed the small joint involvement, swelling, tenderness with moderate to severity of disease. It is observed that the level of vitamin D was significantly low in group of patients presented with severe form of arthritis as compared to group of patient who has mild to moderate arthritis. Study also observed that both group of patient has significantly low levels of vitamin D as compared to controls. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is observed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and may be linked to severity in RA. It is therefore a need of supplementation of Vitamin D for the pain relief in RApatients.","PeriodicalId":11923,"journal":{"name":"Esculapio","volume":"51 s32","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135431993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) As An External Examiner","authors":"Tayyaba Azhar, Kinza Aslam, Zakia Saleem, Ahsan Sethi, Tahseen Fatima","doi":"10.51273/esc23.251319323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51273/esc23.251319323","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To access the validity of ChatGPT on AI assisted tool for evaluating essay questions. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional quantitative study conducted at University College of Medicine and Dentistry from June till August 2023. Eighteen questions were selected from fifteen exit tests of Certificate in HPE course. Each of the answers were independently graded by two assessors with doctorate in HPE. The same answers were then reevaluated using ChatGPT. The inter-rater reliability was determined using Kappa test. Results: The agreement between ChatGPT and examiner scores varied on various items. Weak agreement was observed for questions 8 and 9, moderate agreement for questions 2, 3, and 5, and strong kappa agreement for questions 1, 4, 6, and 7. Conclusion: Artificial intelligence assisted tools such as ChatGPT is a reality but its use in assessing essay questions would require massive training data from expert assessors. Once appropriately trained, it may replicate assessment decisions across the full range of subject.","PeriodicalId":11923,"journal":{"name":"Esculapio","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139282752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}