Luca Filippi, Francesco Bianconi, Orazio Schillaci, Barbara Palumbo
{"title":"This union must happen: Radiomics and LAFOV PET/CT as the power couple of nuclear medicine.","authors":"Luca Filippi, Francesco Bianconi, Orazio Schillaci, Barbara Palumbo","doi":"10.1007/s00259-024-07045-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00259-024-07045-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11909,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"808-809"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Letter to the Editor: EANM position paper on challenges and opportunities of full-ring 360° CZT bone imaging: it's time to let go of planar whole-body bone imaging.","authors":"Paulo Schiavom Duarte","doi":"10.1007/s00259-024-06984-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00259-024-06984-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11909,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"806-807"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Remote ischemic periconditioning suppresses cardiac sympathetic activation in acute myocardial infarction: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Takumi Kondo, Masahiro Seo, Tetsuya Watanabe, Takahisa Yamada, Takashi Morita, Masato Kawasaki, Atsushi Kikuchi, Tsutomu Kawai, Yuji Nishimoto, Jun Nakamura, Takeshi Fujita, Masanao Tanichi, Yongchol Chang, Yasushi Sakata, Masatake Fukunami","doi":"10.1007/s00259-024-06934-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00259-024-06934-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Remote ischemic periconditioning (RIPC) has demonstrated cardioprotective effects and improved clinical outcomes as an adjunct to emergent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, whether RIPC affects the cardiac sympathetic nerve activity in patients with STEMI remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of RIPC on cardiac sympathetic nerve activity in patients with STEMI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively assigned patients with STEMI who underwent emergent PCI to receive RIPC or no procedure (control group) upon arrival at the cardiac catheterization laboratory. The primary endpoint was cardiac sympathetic nerve activity assessed through the washout rate (WR) in cardiac <sup>123</sup>I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (<sup>123</sup>I-MIBG) imaging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients in the RIPC (n = 62) and control (n = 60) groups had similar demographic and clinical characteristics at baseline. Multivariable linear regression models revealed that the culprit lesion of the left anterior descending artery and hemoglobin level were significantly and independently associated with WR at discharge. WRs of the groups differed insignificantly at discharge. However, the RIPC group (n = 49) showed significantly lower WR than the control group (n = 47) at 1 year after discharge (p = 0.027). In the single-photon emission computed tomography analysis at 1 year after discharge, the RIPC group demonstrated significantly higher late uptake (p = 0.021) and lower WR (p = 0.013) in the nonculprit lesion, with a non-significant decrease in WR for the culprit lesion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RIPC can suppress augmented cardiac sympathetic nerve activity in patients with STEMI, particularly in nonculprit lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11909,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"1060-1072"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandra Lazar, Fabrizia Gelardi, Andrea Sagona, Marcello Rodari, Lorenzo Leonardi, Roberto Massari, Annunziata D'Elia, Andrea Soluri, Arturo Chiti, Lidija Antunovic
{"title":"Smaller is better? Compact vs. Conventional gamma camera for sentinel lymph node localization in patients with breast cancer.","authors":"Alexandra Lazar, Fabrizia Gelardi, Andrea Sagona, Marcello Rodari, Lorenzo Leonardi, Roberto Massari, Annunziata D'Elia, Andrea Soluri, Arturo Chiti, Lidija Antunovic","doi":"10.1007/s00259-024-06970-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00259-024-06970-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has been recognized as \"the gold standard\" for axillary staging in early breast cancer patients with clinically negative lymph nodes, resulting in significant morbidity decrease and quality of life improvement. This study aims to validate the performance of a newly developed handheld portable gamma camera (PGC) produced by Imagensys (Italy), in detecting and locating sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) during the preoperative and intraoperative phases in breast cancer patients compared to conventional lymphoscintigraphy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult female patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer, candidates for surgery and SLNB, were prospectively enrolled in this open-label, pre-marketing clinical trial. All patients underwent pre- operative assessment using both the PGC and conventional lymphoscintigraphy. The performance of the two devices was compared using the Poisson regression model for incidence rate ratios (IRRs). The intrinsic sensitivity of the devices was compared using the Wilcoxon Ranked Sign Test. The utility of PGC during intra-operative procedures was also evaluated. The manoeuvrability of the devices was evaluated using operator-satisfaction questioner.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-eight patients (median age 50 years, BMI 21.4) were enrolled, including two patients with bilateral breast cancer, who underwent SLNB on both axillae. The PGC demonstrated superior preoperative lymph node detection rate (IRR 8.01, 95% CI 6.11-10.50; p < 0.0001) and intrinsic device sensitivity (mean counts per second 409 ± 286 vs. 255 ± 1173 for conventional device, p = 0.0003) compared to the conventional gamma camera. Intra-operative assessment with PGC was performed in 62 patients and no additional lymph nodes were visualised. However, the conventional gamma camera demonstrated superior manoeuvrability (p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PGC handheld gamma camera showed promising results for preoperative SLN assessment in patients with breast cancer. The limited manoeuvrability may be related to the operator's experience leading to higher inter-operator variability. Appropriate training and frequent use of nuclear medicine and surgical equipment could overcome this limitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11909,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"1028-1037"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Positive amyloid and tau PET in an early-onset Alzheimer's disease with a rare PSEN1 (Arg278Gly) mutation.","authors":"Liu Yang, Ping Dong, Li Li, Lin Li, Minggang Su","doi":"10.1007/s00259-024-06917-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00259-024-06917-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11909,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"1225-1227"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multimodal neuroimaging insights into the neurobiology of healthy aging across the lifespan","authors":"Laust Vind Knudsen, Tanja Maria Michel, Ziba Ahangarani Farahani, Manouchehr Seyedi Vafaee","doi":"10.1007/s00259-025-07100-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-025-07100-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to advance our understanding of the neurobiology of healthy aging, which is crucial for improving quality of life and preventing age-related diseases. Despite its importance, a comprehensive investigation of this process has yet to be fully characterized.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We used a hybrid PET/MRI scanner to assess neurophysiological parameters in 80 healthy individuals aged 20–78. Cerebral amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition and glucose metabolism were assessed using PET scans, while participants underwent simultaneous MRI scans.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>We found a positive correlation between Aβ-deposition and aging, and a negative correlation between glucose metabolism and aging. The insula showed the strongest negative correlation between glucose metabolism and age (Spearman’s <i>r</i> = -0.683, 95% CI [-0.79, -0.54], <i>p</i> < 0.0001), while the posterior cingulate cortex had the strongest positive correlation between Aβ-deposition and age (Spearman’s <i>r</i> = 0.479, 95% CI [0.28, 0.64], <i>p</i> < 0.0001). These results suggest a spatially dependent link between Aβ-deposition and metabolism in healthy older adults, indicating a compensatory mechanism in early Alzheimer’s. Additionally, Aβ-deposition was linked to changes in interregional neural communication.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our study confirms previous findings on aging and offers new insights, particularly on the role of Aβ-deposition in healthy aging. We observed a linear increase in Aβ-deposition, alongside decreases in white matter integrity, cerebral blood flow, and glucose metabolism. Additionally, we identified a complex regional relationship between Aβ-deposition, glucose metabolism, and neural communication, possibly reflecting compensatory mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11909,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143072487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander Gäble, Alexander Dierks, Andreas Rinscheid, Marianne Patt, Georgine Wienand, Christian H Pfob, Malte Kircher, Kazuhito Fukushima, Ana Antić Nikolić, Johanna S Enke, Tilman Janzen, Julie Steinestel, Hildegard Kempter, Martin Trepel, Dorothea Weckermann, Constantin Lapa, Ralph A Bundschuh
{"title":"Experience of rescue therapy with [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-rhPSMA-10.1 in patients with primary or acquired resistance to [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T.","authors":"Alexander Gäble, Alexander Dierks, Andreas Rinscheid, Marianne Patt, Georgine Wienand, Christian H Pfob, Malte Kircher, Kazuhito Fukushima, Ana Antić Nikolić, Johanna S Enke, Tilman Janzen, Julie Steinestel, Hildegard Kempter, Martin Trepel, Dorothea Weckermann, Constantin Lapa, Ralph A Bundschuh","doi":"10.1007/s00259-024-06959-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00259-024-06959-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Radioligand therapy is an increasingly important option for the treatment of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Radiohybrid ligands targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) are a novel group of theranostic radioligand therapy agents for which higher tumour absorbed radiation doses have been demonstrated compared to established PSMA ligands. Here, we report data from ten patients who were treated within a compassionate use program with the radiohybrid PSMA-ligand [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-rhPSMA-10.1 after experiencing disease progression under treatment with [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten patients with advanced PSMA-positive prostate cancer who showed progression under treatment with [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T received up to three cycles of rescue therapy with [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-rhPSMA-10.1 (7.4-8.1 GBq per cycle). Efficacy (PSA response according to PCWG3 and RECIP) and overall survival were evaluated. Adverse events were recorded from first application.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite progression with [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T, after the first cycle of [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-rhPSMA-10.1 rescue therapy, five patients (50%) showed a decrease in serum PSA level. In imaging, three of the ten patients (30%) showed a partial radiologic response. Four of the five patients with a decrease of serum PSA under [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-rhPSMA-10.1 had initially responded to treatment with [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T but had become resistant. However, the remaining patient had shown continuous disease progression during [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T therapy but showed an immediate response to [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-rhPSMA-10.1. The additional treatment with [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-rhPSMA-10.1 was generally well tolerated by all patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients showing tumour progression while receiving [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T radioligand therapy may benefit from rescue therapy with the novel radiohybrid PSMA ligand, [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-rhPSMA-10.1. Higher tumour absorbed radiation doses with [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-rhPSMA-10.1 may overcome primary and acquired radiation resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11909,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"970-978"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patricia Beer, Paula Grest, Christiane Krudewig, Chris Staudinger, Stefanie Ohlerth, Carla Rohrer Bley, Armin Jarosch, Houria Ech-Cherif, Enni Markkanen, Brian Park, Mirja Christine Nolff
{"title":"Evaluation of a targeted anti-α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> integrin near-infrared fluorescent dye for fluorescence-guided resection of naturally occurring soft tissue sarcomas in dogs.","authors":"Patricia Beer, Paula Grest, Christiane Krudewig, Chris Staudinger, Stefanie Ohlerth, Carla Rohrer Bley, Armin Jarosch, Houria Ech-Cherif, Enni Markkanen, Brian Park, Mirja Christine Nolff","doi":"10.1007/s00259-024-06953-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00259-024-06953-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Complete resection is a key prognostic factor for survival in patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS), in humas and companion animals alike. Fluorescence-guided surgery could improve resection accuracy. As dogs are frequently affected by STS, they serve as a model to test an anti-α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> integrin targeting near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) dye (Angiostamp<sup>TM</sup>800) for fluorescence-guided surgery in STS to evaluate its safety and feasibility in dogs, and if it translates into a clinically relevant benefit compared to the standard of care with regards to completeness of surgery and local recurrence. Furthermore, we aimed to correlate target expression and NIRF-signal intensity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty dogs with STS were randomly allocated to either receive Angiostamp™ (NIRF group) or physiologic saline (control group) preoperatively. The researchers were blinded for treatment, and resections were adapted based on the NIRF-signal, if needed. Margin status was histologically determined at the 1 and 3 cm margin. The tumor-to-background ratio was measured in native tissue biopsies and formalin-fixed tissue. The fluorescent area was compared to the corresponding tumor areas as confirmed by histology using the Dice coefficient. Target expression was quantified by immunohistochemistry and correlated to NIRF-signal ratios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A fluorescent signal was detected in all 10 tumors of the NIRF group, with a tumor-to-background ratio of 7.4 ± 5.8 in native biopsies and 13.5 ± 10.9 in formalin-fixed tissue. In the NIRF group, resection margins were adapted in 5/10 cases, leading to complete resection and preventing R1 in four of these cases. In the NIRF and control group 9/10 and 8/10 resections were R0, with one local recurrence in each group and one sarcoma-related death in the NIRF group. The NIRF-signal correlated with the histologically confirmed tumor area (Dice coefficient 0.75 ± 0.17). Target expression was higher in tumor compared to peritumoral tissue (p < 0.0003) and showed a moderate correlation with the NIRF-signal (r = 0.6516, p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fluorescence-guided surgery using Angiostamp™ can pinpoint residual disease in the tumor bed and contributes to an improved resection accuracy in canine STS.</p>","PeriodicalId":11909,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"1137-1148"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Federico Caobelli, Marc R Dweck, Domenico Albano, Olivier Gheysens, Panagiotis Georgoulias, Stephan Nekolla, Olivier Lairez, Lucia Leccisotti, Marc Lubberink, Samia Massalha, Carmela Nappi, Christoph Rischpler, Antti Saraste, Fabien Hyafil
{"title":"Hybrid cardiovascular imaging. A clinical consensus statement of the european association of nuclear medicine (EANM) and the european association of cardiovascular imaging (EACVI) of the ESC.","authors":"Federico Caobelli, Marc R Dweck, Domenico Albano, Olivier Gheysens, Panagiotis Georgoulias, Stephan Nekolla, Olivier Lairez, Lucia Leccisotti, Marc Lubberink, Samia Massalha, Carmela Nappi, Christoph Rischpler, Antti Saraste, Fabien Hyafil","doi":"10.1007/s00259-024-06946-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00259-024-06946-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hybrid imaging consists of a combination of two or more imaging modalities, which equally contribute to image information. To date, hybrid cardiovascular imaging can be performed by either merging images acquired on different scanners, or with truly hybrid PET/CT and PET/MR scanners. The European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM), and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) aim to review clinical situations that may benefit from the use of hybrid cardiac imaging and provide advice on acquisition protocols providing the most relevant information to reach diagnosis in various clinical situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11909,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"1095-1118"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leonor Lopes, Fangyang Jiao, Song Xue, Thomas Pyka, Korbinian Krieger, Jingjie Ge, Qian Xu, Rachid Fahmi, Bruce Spottiswoode, Ahmed Soliman, Ralph Buchert, Matthias Brendel, Jimin Hong, Yihui Guan, Claudio L A Bassetti, Axel Rominger, Chuantao Zuo, Kuangyu Shi, Ping Wu
{"title":"Dopaminergic PET to SPECT domain adaptation: a cycle GAN translation approach.","authors":"Leonor Lopes, Fangyang Jiao, Song Xue, Thomas Pyka, Korbinian Krieger, Jingjie Ge, Qian Xu, Rachid Fahmi, Bruce Spottiswoode, Ahmed Soliman, Ralph Buchert, Matthias Brendel, Jimin Hong, Yihui Guan, Claudio L A Bassetti, Axel Rominger, Chuantao Zuo, Kuangyu Shi, Ping Wu","doi":"10.1007/s00259-024-06961-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00259-024-06961-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Dopamine transporter imaging is routinely used in Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS) diagnosis. While [<sup>11</sup>C]CFT PET is prevalent in Asia with a large APS database, Europe relies on [<sup>123</sup>I]FP-CIT SPECT with limited APS data. Our aim was to develop a deep learning-based method to convert [<sup>11</sup>C]CFT PET images to [<sup>123</sup>I]FP-CIT SPECT images, facilitating multicenter studies and overcoming data scarcity to promote Artificial Intelligence (AI) advancements.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A CycleGAN was trained on [<sup>11</sup>C]CFT PET (n = 602, 72%PD) and [<sup>123</sup>I]FP-CIT SPECT (n = 1152, 85%PD) images from PD and non-parkinsonian control (NC) subjects. The model generated synthetic SPECT images from a real PET test set (n = 67, 75%PD). Synthetic images were quantitatively and visually evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fréchet Inception Distance indicated higher similarity between synthetic and real SPECT than between synthetic SPECT and real PET. A deep learning classification model trained on synthetic SPECT achieved sensitivity of 97.2% and specificity of 90.0% on real SPECT images. Striatal specific binding ratios of synthetic SPECT were not significantly different from real SPECT. The striatal left-right differences and putamen binding ratio were significantly different only in the PD cohort. Real PET and real SPECT had higher contrast-to-noise ratio compared to synthetic SPECT. Visual grading analysis scores showed no significant differences between real and synthetic SPECT, although reduced diagnostic performance on synthetic images was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CycleGAN generated synthetic SPECT images visually indistinguishable from real ones and retained disease-specific information, demonstrating the feasibility of translating [<sup>11</sup>C]CFT PET to [<sup>123</sup>I]FP-CIT SPECT. This cross-modality synthesis could enhance further AI classification accuracy, supporting the diagnosis of PD and APS.</p>","PeriodicalId":11909,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"851-863"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}