Ethiopian Journal of Health Development最新文献

{"title":"Morbidity of the population with diseases of the genitourinary system","authors":"K. Akhmadieva, Z. Kerimbayeva, Saule Zharasbayeva","doi":"10.32921/2663-1768-2019-2-31-52-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32921/2663-1768-2019-2-31-52-59","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77798188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of interventions aimed to reducing mortality due to road traffic injuries","authors":"A. Aubakirova","doi":"10.32921/2663-1768-2019-2-31-24-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32921/2663-1768-2019-2-31-24-31","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81648267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Good Practice for Developing Policy Briefs","authors":"V. Koikov","doi":"10.32921/2663-1768-2019-3-32-4-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32921/2663-1768-2019-3-32-4-19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"447 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87647383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implicitly Restarted Refined Generalised Arnoldi Method with Deflation for the Polynomial Eigenvalue Problem","authors":"W. Dai","doi":"10.4208/eajam.070517.180917a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4208/eajam.070517.180917a","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70517274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible attenuating influence of Momordica charantia in diabetic nephropathy following triplavar: Any glimmer of hope","authors":"Ugochukwu Offor Naidu ECSa, Azu Oo","doi":"10.4172/2155-6156-C7-097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6156-C7-097","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Background: Physical activity can significantly reduce burden of NCDs. Physical activity is a low-cost and high impact interventions that can be easily implemented among majority of the population throughout the life. Global reports show that physical inactivity has become unique feature. As per the 2014 WHO report, globally, 20 percent of adult men and 27 percent of adult women did not meet the normal- recommendations of physical activity for health most of these being from urban settings. \u0000Objective: To assess the magnitude and determinants of physical inactivity among Ethiopian population. \u0000Methods: Community-based Cross-sectional study based on the World Health Organization (WHO) NCD Stepwise approach was conducted in Ethiopia from April to June 2015. All men and women age 15-69 years old were the target of this study. A mix of sampling approach namely stratified, three-stage cluster sampling, simple random sampling and Kish method were employed to select the study settings and the study participants. A total of 9801 from 513 enumerations areas were involved with response rate of 95.5%. \u0000Result: Among the study participants, 94.2% (95% of male, and 91% of female) of the participants reported physical activity as per WHO recommendations. Based on multivariate analysis, rural residents were 2.5 (AOR=2.46, (95% - CI: 2.12, 2.86) times more likely to engage in physical activity as compared to urbanites. The youngest age group 15-29 were 3.5 (AOR=3.46, (95% - CI: 2.74, 4.36) times more likely to be physically active than the older age group 60-69 years old. Participants who had college and above education were 28 percent (AOR=0.72, (95% - CI: 0.55, 0.96) less likely to do physical activity compared to respondents with no formal education. \u0000Conclusion: Considerable proportion of the study population did not meet WHO recommendations on physical activity for health. It showed that, individuals in rural areas were more engaged in physical activity while individuals who had college and above education were less likely to do physical activity. The highest percentage of individuals not meeting the WHO recommendations for physical activity were the older ones in the age group 60–69 years. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2017;31(Special Issue):348-354] \u0000Key Words: STEPs survey, physical inactivity determinants, Ethiopia","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70279174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a core collection for Argan tree in Morocco by heuristic search based on SSR markers","authors":"Derese Hailu, A. Derbie, D. Mekonnen, Yohannes Zenebe, Yesuf Adem, Seble Worku, F. Biadglegne","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625-C1-030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625-C1-030","url":null,"abstract":"Background: An increased antibiotic resistance of bacterial isolates from wound infections is a major therapeutic challenge. The aim of this study was to identify bacterial isolates associated with wound infection and to determine their current antimicrobial susceptibility profile. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study in which we analyzed the records of 380 wound swab culture results that have been processed at Bahir Dar Regional Health Research Laboratory Center in the period of 1 January 2013 to 30 December 2015. Swabs from different wound types were collected aseptically and analyzed using standard bacteriological procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using disc diffusion technique as per the standard protocol. Demographic and bacteriological data were collected using a data extraction sheet. The data were cleaned, entered and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results: The overall bacterial isolation rate was at 61.6% (234/380). More than half 123 (52.6%) of the isolates were gram positive and 111 (47.4%) were gram negatives. The predominant isolates were S. aureus a t 100 (42.7%) followed by E. coli , 33 (14.1%), P. aeruginosa , 26 (11.1%) and S. pyogenes , at 23 (9.8%). The proportion of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens was at 54.3%. Out of these, 35 (15.1%) of the isolates were resistant to more than five drugs. The highest resistance rate at (85.9%) was documented for ampicillin by gram-negative isolates. Whereas the highest resistance rate among gram positive isolates was against erythromycin (31.1%). The resistance rate of S. aureus for penicillin was at 69.7%. Conclusions: High frequency of mono and multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens were documented. Thus, an alternative method to the causative agent and antimicrobial susceptibility testing surveillance in areas where there is no culture facility is needed to assist health professionals for the selection of appropriate antibiotics. [ Ethiop. J. Health Dev . 2016;30(3):112-117] Keywords: Wound infection, bacterial isolates, and antimicrobial susceptibility profile","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70392966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Service availability and readiness for diabetes care at health facilities in Ethiopia","authors":"A. Bekele, T. Getachew, K. Amenu, A. Defar, Habtamu Teklie, Terefe Gelibo, Mekonen Taddesse, Y. Assefa, A. Kebede, Y. Feleke","doi":"10.4314/EJHD.V31I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJHD.V31I2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of death globally. Available data demonstrate that nearly 80% deaths of NCDs occur in low- and middle-income countries. Of these deaths, an estimated 1.5 million, or 4% were due to diabetes. In Ethiopia, data on the preparedness of health facilities to cope with the rising epidemic of diabetes are insufficient. \u0000Objective: This survey was aimed to assess service availability and readiness for diabetes health care. \u0000Methods: The data used in this study is part of the 2014 Ethiopian service provision assessment survey which was conducted from 10 March to 25 July, 2014. The study employed stratified random sampling designed to provide representative results for Ethiopia. In this study, health facility types managed by different management authorities were included from the eleven administrative regions of the country. \u0000There were a total of 873 health facilities included in this particular study. Data were collected using a facility inventory questionnaire that assessed whether the providers in the facility are prepared to provide required services to patients with diabetes. Information about readiness of facilities to provide good-quality client services on diabetes, including the availability of guidelines, trained staff, basic medical equipment, and essential medicines were also collected. \u0000Results: Among all health facilities, 59% of health facilities offer services for diabetes. Forty percent of the facilities have diagnostic capacity for blood glucose while 56 % have capacity for urine protein test and 52 % has urine glucose test. Of the facilities that offer service for diabetes, 12 % of them had guidelines for diagnosis and management of diabetes at the service site during the survey. On the other hand, facilities that offer diabetes services were more likely to have basic equipment that support and enhance the provision of services. \u0000Conclusions: The findings indicate that availability of treatment services, guidelines for diagnosis and management, trained staff and medicines for diabetes were found to be inadequate. But the availability of the basic medical equipment necessary for the diagnosis and management of diabetes appear to be adequate. Therefore, strengthening health care system towards improved service delivery through availing national guidelines, protocols or standards for managing diabetes, in-service training for providers, and provision of essential ¬medicines are required to improve diabetes service delivery in health facilities. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2017;31(2):110-118] \u0000Key words: Diabetes Mellitus, Disease, Service, Availability, Readiness, Health Facility, Ethiopia","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"32 1","pages":"110-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84880093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of early childhood stunting on children's cognitive achievements: Evidence from young lives Ethiopia.","authors":"Tassew Woldehanna, Jere R Behrman, Mesele W Araya","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is little empirical evidence on the effect of childhood malnutrition on children's cognitive achievements in low income countries like Ethiopia. A longitudinal data is thus vital to understand the factors that influence cognitive development of children over time, particularly how early childhood stunting affects cognitive achievement of children up to the age of 8 years.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the effect of early childhood stunting on cognitive achievements of children using longitudinal data that incorporate anthropometric measurements and results of cognitive achievement tests such as Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test and Cognitive Development Assessment quantitative tests.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Defining stunted children as those having a standardized height for age z-score less than -2; we used a Propensity Score Matching (PSM) to examine the effect of early childhood stunting on measures of cognitive performance of children. The balance of the propensity score matching techniques was checked and found to be satisfied (P<0.01).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early childhood stunting is significantly negatively associated with cognitive performance of children. Controlled for confounding variables such as length of breastfeeding, relative size of the child at birth, health problems of early childhood such as acute respiratory illness and malaria, baseline household wealth, child gender, household size and parental education, estimates from PSM show that stunted children scored 16.1% less in the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test and 48.8% less in the Quantitative Assessment test at the age of eight, both statistically significant at P<0.01.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is important to realize the importance of early investment in terms of child health and nutrition until five years for the cognitive performance of children. As household wealth and parental education are particularly found to play an important role in children's nutritional achievements, policy measures that are directed in improving household's livelihood may have a spill-over impact in improving child nutritional status, and consequently cognitive development and schooling.</p>","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"31 2","pages":"75-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5726774/pdf/nihms895341.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35663880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical Admissions and Outcomes at Saint Paul’s Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective study","authors":"A. Bane, Tola Bayisa, F. Adamu, S. Abdissa","doi":"10.4314/EJHD.V30I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJHD.V30I1","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Globally, trends of medical admission have been changing. This study was carried out to assess the current trend of medical admissions and outcomes in Ethiopia. Methods : Retrospective review of 840 records of patients admitted to medical ward of Saint Paul hospital during April 1, 2012-March 31, 2013 was done. Ethical approval was obtained from the IRB of the hospital. Data on demographic profiles, reasons for admission, final diagnosis, length of hospital stay and treatment outcomes were recorded by physicians on structured format developed for this purpose. The data were entered & analysed using SPSS software version 20. Results : Most of the patients were from Addis Ababa. The mean age of patients was 40.9±17.7 years, 470 (56%) of the patients were females and 71% were married. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) contributed to 51.1% of admissions. Communicable diseases were dominant diagnosis for those groups in 35-44 years of age while noncommunicable diseases were dominant diagnosis for those 45-54 years of age and above. The three most common reasons for immediate admission to the hospital were pneumonia 188 (22.4%), tuberculosis 177 (21.1%) and heart failure 134 (16.0%). And the major diagnoses for underlying illnesses during admissions were found to be AIDS 177 (21.1%), hypertension 102 (12.1%), diabetes mellitus 102 (12.1%), atherosclerotic cardio vascular disorders 86 (10.2%), gastrointestinal disorders 56 (6.7%), valvular heart diseases 51 (6.1%), and renal failure 46 (5.5%). Mean duration of stay in medical wards was 12.3 (+/-10) days and it is comparable for communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases. Two third of the medical admissions (66.4%) were discharged improved while mortality was close to one fourth (24.2%). Communicable diseases contributed to two thirds of the mortality (15.6%). Conclusion : Non-communicable diseases were the major cause of admission to the hospital while communicable diseases contributed to two thirds of the overall mortality predominantly among the younger patients. Health professionals, policy-makers and health planners should recognize the higher morbidity and hospital burden from non-communicable diseases and the higher mortality from communicable diseases.  Key words : Medical admission, communicable and non-communicable, morbidity, mortality, Ethiopia","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"30 1","pages":"50-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/EJHD.V30I1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70534222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Effects of Environmental Exposures, Occupational Hazards and Climate Change in Ethiopia: Synthesis of Situational Analysis, Needs Assessment and the Way Forward.","authors":"Kiros Berhane,&nbsp;Abera Kumie,&nbsp;Jonathan Samet","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The burden of diseases caused by environmental and occupational health hazards and the effects of global climate change are of growing concerns in Ethiopia. However, no adequate information seems to be available on the current situation. This means there is a critical gap in research, policy framework and implementation in the country.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this paper was to synthesize evidence from a systematic situational analysis and needs assessment to help establish a hub for research and training on three major themes and their related policy frameworks: air pollution and health, occupational health and safety and climate change and health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The methods used in this work include a systematic review of secondary data from peer-reviewed literature, thesis reports from academia, government and national statistical reports. Limited primary data based on key informant interviews held with major stakeholders were also used as sources of data.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Exposures to high levels of indoor and outdoor air pollutants were found to be major sources of public health challenges. Lack of occupational safety and health due to agricultural activities and exposure to industries was found to be substantial. Worse is the growing fear that climate change will pose increasingly significant multidimensional challenges to the environment and public health. Across all three areas of focus, there was a paucity of information on local scientific evidence. There is also very limited trained skilled manpower and physical infrastructure to monitor the environment and enforce regulatory guidelines. Research, policy frameworks and regulatory mechanisms were among the cross-cutting issues that needed urgent attention.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Critical gaps were observed in research and training across the three themes. Also, there is a limitation in implementing the link between policy and related regulations in the environment and health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11852,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development","volume":"30 1 Spec Iss","pages":"50-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5578706/pdf/nihms899381.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35370772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}