Regional Integration in Latin America最新文献

Improving the Competitiveness of the Pacific Alliance Countries 提高太平洋联盟国家的竞争力

Regional Integration in Latin America Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191002

Luis Enrique Ibarra-Morales, Mónica Blanco-Jiménez, J. P. Mora

{"title":"Improving the Competitiveness of the Pacific Alliance Countries","authors":"Luis Enrique Ibarra-Morales, Mónica Blanco-Jiménez, J. P. Mora","doi":"10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191002","url":null,"abstract":"The Pacific Alliance (PA) arose from a project for economic integration and strategic cooperation between the four member countries – Mexico, Chile, Peru, and Colombia – with the hope of driving competitiveness in the region through specialized production and exportation of assets, and to an extent consolidating them, which would have a strong impact on the process of regional integration within Latin America. Considering this, the purpose of this chapter is to review the current economic scene for regional integration that promotes competition in the countries of the PA. A documentary and statistical investigation are carried out and presented to show the primary advances of the PA in different economic and strategic areas that propel competition among its member countries. The primary findings show that there are economic and commercial indicators that encourage the achievement of a unified perspective and stability between these member countries, which allows for more competitiveness with regard to economic and commercial development in other blocks or alliances. Today, the PA shows itself as an innovative process that seeks and promises to change the economic relations of both the countries involved in it and the region in general, which is the reason for the dynamism shown in decision making and the interest in the international community. It is concluded that the PA responds to the shared interests of the four member countries while being more competitive to take advantage of any opportunities that appear from the opening and incursion of new international markets.","PeriodicalId":117956,"journal":{"name":"Regional Integration in Latin America","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124567893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mexico’s Challenges in Commercial Integration with Pacific Alliance Countries 墨西哥与太平洋联盟国家商业一体化的挑战

Regional Integration in Latin America Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191005

Oscar Velarde-Moreno, M. Alarcón-Osuna, Mónica Blanco-Jiménez

引用次数: 1

Automotive Industry: Competitive Strategy and Challenges in the Pacific Alliance (Mexico, Chile, Colombia, and Peru) 汽车工业:太平洋联盟(墨西哥、智利、哥伦比亚和秘鲁)的竞争战略和挑战

Regional Integration in Latin America Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191003

J. Álvarez, Mónica Blanco-Jiménez, Sergio Guerra-Moya

引用次数: 1

Financial and Economic Convergence in Pacific Alliance Countries 太平洋联盟国家的金融和经济趋同

Regional Integration in Latin America Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191004

Martha Rodríguez, K. Cortez, Alma Berenice Méndez

{"title":"Financial and Economic Convergence in Pacific Alliance Countries","authors":"Martha Rodríguez, K. Cortez, Alma Berenice Méndez","doi":"10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191004","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter aims to analyze whether member countries of the Pacific Alliance agreement showed economic and financial convergence during the 2010–2016 period. The sample consists of four Latin American countries that are members of the Alianza del Pacifico (Pacific Alliance): Mexico, Chile, Colombia, and Peru. We use an economic convergence index (ECI) to classify the degree of the countries’ convergence regarding a given monetary area, considering the size of their economy, and compute three criteria: (1) nominal variables (used to define the Maastricht criteria), which are inflation, long-term interest rates, public debt, fiscal deficit as percentages of gross domestic product (GDP), and exchange rate volatility; (2) real and cyclical variables such as real GDP growth, gap between real GDP and potential GDP, unemployment, current account balance as a percentage of GDP, and short-term interest rates; and (3) a conditional combination that unequally weights nominal and real variables. We also use correlation analysis to compare coefficients. The results can be analyzed in the medium term in terms of descriptive statistics of their real and nominal variables, convergence indexes, and correlation analysis. The results show that the countries of the Pacific Alliance under study are converging in terms of nominal variables such as interest rate, exchange rate, fiscal deficits, and government debt. Also it can be observed that convergence occurs in real and weighted variables, although to a lesser magnitude. In relation to real variables related to GDP growth and foreign trade, these variables adjust less quickly than nominal ones.","PeriodicalId":117956,"journal":{"name":"Regional Integration in Latin America","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117106894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Leadership in Latin America: Mexican Companies 拉丁美洲的领导地位:墨西哥公司

Regional Integration in Latin America Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191006

Adriana Segovia-Romo, Joel Mendoza-Gómez, Juan Rositas-Martínez

{"title":"Leadership in Latin America: Mexican Companies","authors":"Adriana Segovia-Romo, Joel Mendoza-Gómez, Juan Rositas-Martínez","doi":"10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter aims to identify differences in the perception of transformational leadership (TL) of three generations – Baby Boomers, Generation X, and Generation Y or Millennials – for an in-depth understanding of the immediate role and challenges facing leaders in organizations. Current days is an excellent time to question what is known and what should be known about leadership and leaders. Latin American leadership characteristics can have a direct effect on the success of business ventures in the region. Leadership can be understood in diverse ways: as an attribute of a position in the organization; as a trait, according to the characteristic of the person; as a behavior, according to the way in which the person acts (Mallma-Vivanco & Cordova-Marcelo, 2015). Several studies carried out in Mexico, Colombia, and Chile show that the Latin American leaders believe that having good working relationships with low conflict is essential to their satisfaction and high performance, and they are usually authoritarian and prefer aggressiveness and assertiveness (Romero, 2004). This study reviews the literature across different generations and related best organizational practices to identify key definitions and empirical results. We compared and contrasted the data from different generations. The findings show that Baby Boomers have a better perception of TL of their leaders than Millennials and even those from Generation X. Thus, the empirical results allow business leaders to understand the differences in perceptions and the unique characteristics of the three generations of workforce in organizations: Baby Boomers, Generation X, and Millennials.","PeriodicalId":117956,"journal":{"name":"Regional Integration in Latin America","volume":"409 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124348488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pacific Alliance: Political, Economic, and Commercial Implications 太平洋联盟:政治、经济和商业影响

Regional Integration in Latin America Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191001

Mónica Blanco-Jiménez, Georgina Parra-Irineo, Nayra González-González, Arturo Tavizón-Salazar

{"title":"Pacific Alliance: Political, Economic, and Commercial Implications","authors":"Mónica Blanco-Jiménez, Georgina Parra-Irineo, Nayra González-González, Arturo Tavizón-Salazar","doi":"10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191001","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the creation of the Pacific Alliance comprising four countries: Mexico, Chile, Peru, and Colombia. It shows that is not only a free trade agreement between these countries but also a multidimensional regional integration with political, economic, and cultural perspectives. Programs and actions have been structured in a way that allows and promotes integral growth of Latin American citizens. For this reason, it is important to analyze in this chapter the opportunities that Alliance Pacific generates with respect to each of these three aspects. (1) Political and diplomatic implications like eliminating visa requirements for the members, sharing some embassies, facilitating labor mobility between these countries, and proposing the creation of a joint parliament. (2) Economic and trade implications with a gradual elimination of tariffs that will allow companies to be more competitive, creation of different government agencies in each country to support business and promote intra-regional trade of goods and services, and create a joint platform to promote innovation, entrepreneurship and gender equity. Finally, (3) Cultural and educational implications, as the creation of “Student and Academic Mobility Platform” of the Pacific Alliance with scholarships for students and researchers, the integration of a “Technical Education Group” to foster integration and social inclusion of children and adolescents, and the creation of “Sports Diplomacy Program” and a “Scientific Research Network on Climate Change.” Although there are still several challenges for improvement in the Pacific Alliance, it is an agreement that will bring stability, welfare, and development effects for the members of these countries.","PeriodicalId":117956,"journal":{"name":"Regional Integration in Latin America","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125571657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Business Ecosystems and Social Innovation: Evidence from Colombia and Mexico 商业生态系统与社会创新:来自哥伦比亚和墨西哥的证据

Regional Integration in Latin America Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191010

Manuel Vázquez-Zacarías, Alfonso López-Lira, Mario Vargas-Sáenz, J. Macías-Prada

{"title":"Business Ecosystems and Social Innovation: Evidence from Colombia and Mexico","authors":"Manuel Vázquez-Zacarías, Alfonso López-Lira, Mario Vargas-Sáenz, J. Macías-Prada","doi":"10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191010","url":null,"abstract":"To succeed in acquiring appropriate resources, socially innovative firms must develop social capital, by making connections with traditional partners, such as universities and multinational corporations, and nontraditional partners, such as nongovernmental organizations and the communities in which they work. This study is designed to show the application of social capital through the pursuit of bilateral relationships. In addition, it shows that collaborations are possible among partners – pertaining to social innovative firms. This study begins with a conceptual foundation that is included to define key constructs and propositions. The methodology is a qualitative case study of socially innovative firms in the agriculture industry in Mexico and Colombia. Both case studies show the creation of bilateral alliances with traditional and nontraditional partners to obtain resources. Moreover, the findings suggest that a social firm can unite its partners’ objectives toward social value creation. Having a common ground could trigger multilateral collaborations among the socially innovative firm’s partners to combine, integrate, and leverage the business ecosystem. This chapter provides evidence that today’s social entrepreneurs are willing to use hybrid structures that include for-profit and nonprofit elements to provide a solution for a social issue.","PeriodicalId":117956,"journal":{"name":"Regional Integration in Latin America","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130233350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Andean Organizational Culture and Citizenship Behavior in Peru 秘鲁安第斯组织文化与公民行为

Regional Integration in Latin America Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191007

María Mayela Terán-Cázares, Abel Partida-Puente, M. GarcíadelaPeña, Amparo Guadalupe Espinosa-Domínguez

{"title":"Andean Organizational Culture and Citizenship Behavior in Peru","authors":"María Mayela Terán-Cázares, Abel Partida-Puente, M. GarcíadelaPeña, Amparo Guadalupe Espinosa-Domínguez","doi":"10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191007","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter analyzes organizational culture and organizational citizenship behavior in Peru. A research was conducted at the beginning of 2017 in Peru, and 250 employees in Lima, Peru, participated in the research. The research was on the influence of organizational culture on citizen behavior. The results of the research study conducted in Peru indicated how participation, consistency, adaptability, mission, and performance impact the dimensions of behavior such as help, loyalty, initiative, civic virtue, self-development, and sportsmanship. It revealed a broad influence of consistent cultural traits on citizen behaviors of support, in addition to the development of citizen behaviors for initiatives and self-development if the company excelled at offering an opportunity for participation for collaborators. Overall, the results demonstrated the role of culture in Peru’s economy. Accordingly, knowledge regarding Peru’s language, religion, customs, cuisine, crafts, music, and dance is significant. The methodology of this study was based on the collection of documents and studies where the Andean culture has been the main reason for economic development in Peru. This chapter helps clarify the foundations for doing business in Peru by understanding the perception of Peruvian citizens and their distinctive characteristics of organizational behavior. The results presented in this chapter are obtained from the analysis of the economic evolution of Peru, its culture, its demography, and the study of how they do business in that country, in addition to analyzing how they make decisions, agreements and how they develop based on the principles of the Andean culture.","PeriodicalId":117956,"journal":{"name":"Regional Integration in Latin America","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126081224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Entrepreneurship as a Boost of Economic Growth in Mexico and Chile 创业对墨西哥和智利经济增长的推动作用

Regional Integration in Latin America Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191012

Mario César Dávila Aguirre, Elías Alvarado Lagunas, S. Rodríguez, A. C. Campbell

引用次数: 0

Competitiveness in Chile’s SMEs through CSR and Sustainability Practices 通过企业社会责任和可持续发展实践提高智利中小企业的竞争力

Regional Integration in Latin America Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191011

Mario Vázquez-Maguirre, Consuelo García de la Torre

{"title":"Competitiveness in Chile’s SMEs through CSR and Sustainability Practices","authors":"Mario Vázquez-Maguirre, Consuelo García de la Torre","doi":"10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78973-159-020191011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000This chapter analyzes the practices of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainability in Chilean small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This work follows an explorative and descriptive methodology that uses analysis of secondary information as data collection instrument. Results suggest that SMEs in Chile seem to have a higher degree of adoption of CSR practices when compared to those of other countries in Latin America. Chilean SMEs tend to concentrate their efforts in the area of human resources; therefore, these organizations are more willing to invest in labor-related issues than in the negative impacts they may generate in the environment and society. This can be evaluated as a natural first stage, since worker-focused CSR programs generally have a faster return on investment than those focused on other areas. Also, the relations that SMEs develop with local communities to create value are still an area of opportunity that can be addressed through the SMEs and CSR technical groups of the Pacific Alliance. This alliance is an ideal platform to share best CSR practices among SMEs, which probably will increase their competitiveness.","PeriodicalId":117956,"journal":{"name":"Regional Integration in Latin America","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117265731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0