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Renewal Acute Toxicity of Broad-Spectrum Herbicide, Paraquat Dichloride in Channa punctatus (Bloch) 广谱除草剂二氯百草枯对斑沟的急性毒性更新
Environmental Claims Journal Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2019.1609796
Irfan Ashraf Badroo, K. Wani, H. Nandurkar, Ashiq Hussain Khanday
{"title":"Renewal Acute Toxicity of Broad-Spectrum Herbicide, Paraquat Dichloride in Channa punctatus (Bloch)","authors":"Irfan Ashraf Badroo, K. Wani, H. Nandurkar, Ashiq Hussain Khanday","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2019.1609796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2019.1609796","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Paraquat dichloride (PD) is a major contaminant in aquatic environment and is a cause of concern to different organisms, especially to fishes, as it causes different changes in behavioral and morphological to aquatic creatures. Hence, the objectives of the study are to examine the acute toxicity, behavioral and morphological alterations in air-breathing teleost fish, Channa punctatus (CP) (Bloch). Renewal acute toxicity was performed to calculate the lethal concentration (LC50) by Finney’s probit analysis to CP by exposure to wide range of PD concentrations (30, 60, 90, 120, 150 mg/L) for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The LC50 values determined are 93.36, 82.22, 67.93 and 65.87 mg/L for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively. Maximum allowable toxicant concentrations (MATC) defined by LC50 value is found to be 0.6587 mg/L. The upper and lower 95 percent confidence limit (Fiducial limit) are in narrow range for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively, and thus results of the experiments are considered good. Fiducial limit calculated helps us to state that the LC50 falls within the specified limit and helps in constructing of toxicity curve. LC50 value gradually decreases with increase in time. Mortality rate was dose-time dependent and increased with increase in concentration. The behavioral changes provide biologically relevant endpoints in evaluating toxicity testing. Deviation from baseline behavior was noticed. Morphological deformities were also seen. The present study provides a clear indication of the toxicity of PD, and is highly toxic even at low level. Hence, it is recommended that appropriate eco-toxicological risk assessment should be made and indiscriminate use of PD by farmers should be discouraged particularly in areas close to aquatic environment.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"289 - 303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2019.1609796","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43371140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Introduction of Mandatory Vehicle Inspection and Its Impact on Health: Case of Georgia 强制车辆检查的引入及其对健康的影响：以格鲁吉亚为例
Environmental Claims Journal Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2019.1611043
Ana Lordkipanidze, Nana Bigvava, T. Verulava
{"title":"Introduction of Mandatory Vehicle Inspection and Its Impact on Health: Case of Georgia","authors":"Ana Lordkipanidze, Nana Bigvava, T. Verulava","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2019.1611043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2019.1611043","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract To fight atmospheric air pollution, the Georgian government has implemented a law about vehicle inspection. The aim of this survey is to determine under which conditions are owners of technically faulty vehicles ready to give up using technically faulty cars. Within the qualitative study the in-depth interviews were conducted. Taxi drivers think that this law is harmful to them though they appreciate the efficacy of vehicle inspections. Controls should be placed on the quality of fuel as part of the development of public transport while increasing awareness about the harmful effects of atmospheric air pollution.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"304 - 310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2019.1611043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45449234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A visualization approach to prioritizing insurance claims from complex, multi-PRP Superfund sites 从复杂的多prp超级基金网站优先考虑保险索赔的可视化方法
Environmental Claims Journal Pub Date : 2019-06-11 DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2019.1619264
Phillip J. Ludvigsen, S. Green, Josh Heltzer, John B. Lee
{"title":"A visualization approach to prioritizing insurance claims from complex, multi-PRP Superfund sites","authors":"Phillip J. Ludvigsen, S. Green, Josh Heltzer, John B. Lee","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2019.1619264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2019.1619264","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The severity of environmental insurance claims related to large multi-PRP Superfund sites has grown over the last 30 years. When an insured files a Superfund-related claim, allocated costs to the insured are typically unknown. Assessing the insured’s likely share of future cleanup costs is challenging. This article proposes a simple approach that allows claims professionals to visualize where their insured stands relative to other PRPs' potential allocation of cleanup costs. The resulting color-coded “heat map” allows claims professionals to easily assess and prioritize potential insured losses. It also provides a starting point for settlement negotiations, thus reducing frictional costs.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"239 - 251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2019.1619264","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43851203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessing the Impact of Leather Industries on Groundwater Quality of Vellore District in South India Using a Geochemical Mixing Model 利用地球化学混合模型评估印度南部Vellore地区皮革工业对地下水质量的影响
Environmental Claims Journal Pub Date : 2019-06-06 DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2019.1622864
P. J. Sajil Kumar, E. James
{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Leather Industries on Groundwater Quality of Vellore District in South India Using a Geochemical Mixing Model","authors":"P. J. Sajil Kumar, E. James","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2019.1622864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2019.1622864","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Deterioration of groundwater quality is one of the most critical issues in twenty-first century. The direct relations of water with all the living beings make it an extremely important commodity. Sources of pollution may be of natural or anthropogenic origin. Nowadays anthropogenic sources of pollution are much more than natural sources. India has 1083 tanneries, in which 577 are in Tamil Nadu which accounts for 44% of the total production of India. Vellore district has an indispensable place in the list. Over the 30–40 years groundwater around tanneries has become seriously polluted.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"335 - 348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2019.1622864","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45110400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Impact of Biomedical Waste on Environment and Human Health 生物医疗废物对环境和人类健康的影响
Environmental Claims Journal Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2019.1619265
Javid Manzoor, Manoj Sharma
{"title":"Impact of Biomedical Waste on Environment and Human Health","authors":"Javid Manzoor, Manoj Sharma","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2019.1619265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2019.1619265","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article reviews the impact of biomedical waste on water, soil, air quality, the environment, and human health. Hospitals and nursing homes generate increasing amount of biomedical waste in an unscientific manner. As such, poor waste management practices by these institutions cause exposure to health hazards and actual environmental problems. The issue of biomedical waste identification, handling, and disposal needs to have a heightened review so that better management practices and protocols can be established.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"311 - 334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2019.1619265","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43873779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 62
Last Insurer Standing: Accounting for Policyholder Settlements in an “All Sums” World 最后一家保险公司：“全金额”世界中保单持有人结算的核算
Environmental Claims Journal Pub Date : 2019-04-09 DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2019.1585038
Craig Martin, Brian Scarbrough, G. Gillett, Katherine Rosoff
{"title":"Last Insurer Standing: Accounting for Policyholder Settlements in an “All Sums” World","authors":"Craig Martin, Brian Scarbrough, G. Gillett, Katherine Rosoff","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2019.1585038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2019.1585038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 2016, New York became the latest state to interpret insurance policies with prior insurance or non-cumulation of liability clauses as permitting a policyholder to recover damages under “all sums” for long-tail liabilities, including environmental liabilities. But two major questions were left unanswered in New York, as in many other states, when a policyholder seeks all sums recovery from a non-settled insurer after the policyholder settles with other insurers: first, how to account for a policyholder’s prior settlements—through set-off, contribution, or both. Second, how to calculate any set-off or contribution—should it be pro tanto, pro rata, or something else. This article examines the arguments on both sides of these issues and looks ahead to how courts may resolve these questions going forward.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"276 - 287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2019.1585038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42018492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Telecommunications, Electromagnetic Fields, and Human Health 电信、电磁场和人类健康
Environmental Claims Journal Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2019.1603442
R. Michaels
{"title":"Telecommunications, Electromagnetic Fields, and Human Health","authors":"R. Michaels","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2019.1603442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2019.1603442","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Telecommunication generates electromagnetic fields (EMFs) at radio and microwave frequencies. Transmitters have proliferated with siting of wireless communication networks, often co-located among other transmitters. “Cell” phones also have proliferated, representing small transmitters used in contact with human heads, and stored on human bodies. Telecommunications equipment is ubiquitous, and EMF exposure prolonged, raising the issue of possible health risks. Such risks, if any, must be managed. For example, epidemiology studies reported higher exposure to analog cell phone EMFs among brain cancer patients than among controls, but those risks were “managed” via replacement of analog phones with today’s digital phones, which have not been associated with human cancer. Challenges remain, recently from rodent bioassays that show dose-related association of lifetime exposure to cell-phone-type EMFs with heart schwannomas (cancers of Schwann cells, which insulate nerve cells) in male rats, though not in females. Human cancer risk, if any, remains to be characterized and quantified, which partly will depend upon whether EMFs indeed are non-ionizing as has been assumed, and whether a threshold or non-threshold (genotoxic) mechanism caused the cancers in the male rats. Health concerns have motivated further exposure reduction suggestions, and sometimes opposition to siting transmitters. Credible, objective explication of technical information to primarily non-technical audiences is necessary to support informed public participation and dispassionate weighing of telecommunications risks and benefits in community decision-making. Ultimately, experts and non-experts should adhere to the “precautionary principle,” requiring adoption of reasonably (but not excessively) pessimistic exposure and risk assumptions, whether or not they are likely to materialize.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"132 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2019.1603442","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42162277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Natural Resource Damages from Oil Spills in the United States 美国石油泄漏造成的自然资源损失
Environmental Claims Journal Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2019.1567000
R. Dunford, Stephan Gmur, Melissa K. Lynes, Greg E. Challenger, Michael A. Dunford
{"title":"Natural Resource Damages from Oil Spills in the United States","authors":"R. Dunford, Stephan Gmur, Melissa K. Lynes, Greg E. Challenger, Michael A. Dunford","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2019.1567000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2019.1567000","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Large oil spills in the United States often result in some natural resource damages (NRD), which arise from injuries to natural resources and losses of their services. We use multiple regression analysis to identify the factors that explain variations in NRD settlements, including: spill amount, whether threatened and endangered species were injured, whether recreation closures occurred, some temporal factors, some geographic factors, and some characteristics of the government agencies pursuing NRD. Then, we use our preferred statistical model to predict the median and confidence interval for the NRD settlement for future oil spills with specified characteristics. Such predictions for future spills will be helpful in determining the appropriate scale for the NRD assessment and for setting aside reserves for settlement.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"176 - 190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2019.1567000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42620585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The war on coal is over: assessing Obama-era regulations and the Trump Administration’s efforts to date 煤炭战争已经结束：评估奥巴马时代的法规和特朗普政府迄今为止的努力
Environmental Claims Journal Pub Date : 2019-03-05 DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2018.1546469
R. Reagan
{"title":"The war on coal is over: assessing Obama-era regulations and the Trump Administration’s efforts to date","authors":"R. Reagan","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2018.1546469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2018.1546469","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract For nearly a decade, Republicans accused Democrats and the Obama Administration of waging a “war on coal” and Democrats has cited economics as the primary cause of the industry’s troubles. Now that President Trump has declared the war on coal to be over, it is time to examine the regulations promulgated during the Obama Administration and their impact on the industry. This article will discuss the coal industry prior to, during, and after the Obama Administration with particular attention to Obama-era regulations that impacted the industry and President Trump’s efforts to repeal and replace the same.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"191 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2018.1546469","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47154135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Promoting electric vehicles in the Trump era: What can feasibly be done to drive electric vehicle purchases in the United States for the next two years in the current political climate 在特朗普时代推广电动汽车:在当前的政治气候下，未来两年在美国可以做些什么来推动电动汽车的购买
Environmental Claims Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-11 DOI: 10.1080/10406026.2018.1551840
Jocelyn Preston Blier
{"title":"Promoting electric vehicles in the Trump era: What can feasibly be done to drive electric vehicle purchases in the United States for the next two years in the current political climate","authors":"Jocelyn Preston Blier","doi":"10.1080/10406026.2018.1551840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2018.1551840","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Following the 2016 election, the electric vehicle industry will likely face heightened opposition in the coming years. This article focuses on the actions that can be taken at the federal, state, and local levels that are most likely to succeed in driving growth and acceptance of electric vehicles in spite of the current political climate.","PeriodicalId":11761,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Claims Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"252 - 275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10406026.2018.1551840","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45562133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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