Jurnal Riset Teknologi Industri最新文献

{"title":"Komposit Bata Beton Ringan Dari Fly Ash dan Bottom Ash Limbah Batubara Pabrik Minyak Nabati","authors":"Alexius Luther Ola, D. P. Silaban","doi":"10.26578/JRTI.V12I1.3514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26578/JRTI.V12I1.3514","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK Penelitian pembuatan komposit bata beton ringan dari fly ash dan  bottom ash hasil pembakaran batubara di unit boiler pabrik minyak nabati sebagai pengganti agregat pasir, dengan bahan perekat semen Portland telah dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mendapat komposit bata beton ringan. Bahan limbah batubara ( fly ash dan bottom ash ) diambil dari boiler industri minyak nabati di kota Bitung. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan membuat prototype benda uji ukuran (100 x 100 x 100) mm dari fly ash dan b ottom ash sebagai variabel bebas dan agregat pasir, semen serta larutan foam agent sebagai variabel konstan. Prototype benda uji di cetak sebanyak 12 buah tiap perlakuan, dilakukan pemeliharaan (curing) selama 28 hari kemudian dilakukan pengamatan dan uji fisik berdasarkan standar yang ada. Hasil pengujian diperoleh komposit yang terbaik A-5 (5 L fly ash tanpa bottom ash ) dan A-7 (2,5 L fly ash dan 2,5 L bottom ash ) dengan nilai kuat tekan rata-rata (19,06 dan 19,15 kg/cm²) dan bobot isi (1160,19 kg/m³ dan 1242,65 kg/m³) serta penyerapan air (21,96 % dan 14,96 %). Nilai kuat tekan dan penyerapan air memenuhi persyaratan bata ringan untuk untuk konstruksi pasangan dinding bangunan rumah. Kata kunci: bata, batubara, beton-ringan, limbah ABSTRACT Research on the manufacture of lightweight concrete brick composites from fly ash and bottom ash coal waste vegetable oil company to replace sand agregate with Portland cement adhesive has been done with the aim to obtain lightweight concrete brick composites which use fly ash and b ottom ash from coal waste. Research begins with the taking of coal waste materials (fly ash and bottom ash) in the vegetable oil industry in Bitung city, then proceed with the preparation of other auxiliary materials and required equipment. The reward was carried out by making prototype (100 x 100 x 100) mm of the test object and the treatments were fly ash and bottom ash while the use of sand aggregate, cement and foam agent solution was constant. Prototype test object printed as much as 12 pieces each tre atment, carried out maintenance for 28 days then conducted observations and physical tests based on existing standards. From test result of prototype of test object, it turns out that some of the best composite treatment A - 5 (5 L fly ash and no bottom ash) and A - 7 (2,5 L fly ash and 2,5 L bottom ash) was obtained with a compressive strength value of (19,06 and 19,15) Kg/cm2 and weight of content (1160,19 Kg/m3 and 1242,65 Kg/m3) respectively with water absorption values (21,96% and 14,96%). Strength and abs orption values fulfill requirement of lightweight concrete for house building wall","PeriodicalId":117182,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Teknologi Industri","volume":"14 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126142480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analisis Kinerja Reaktor Unggun Tetap untuk Produksi Hidrogen Melalui Reaksi Steam Reforming Etanol","authors":"T. Jatmiko, D. J. Prasetyo, Nurul Abdillah Pulungan","doi":"10.26578/JRTI.V12I1.3622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26578/JRTI.V12I1.3622","url":null,"abstract":"Reaktor unggun tetap merupakan jenis reaktor yang banyak digunakan untuk reaksi yang menggunakan katalis padat, salah satunya adalah reaksi steam reforming . Reaksi steam reforming merupakan salah satu proses pembuatan gas hidrogen dari bahan yang mengandung karbon seperti biomassa dan etanol dengan menggunakan katalis yang selanjutnya bisa digunakan sebagai sumber energi alternatif yang ramah terhadap lingkungan  maupun sebagai bahan baku kimia. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pemodelan dan simulasi reaktor unggun tetap untuk menganalisa kinerja dari reaktor unggun tetap untuk produksi hydrogen dari etanol melalui reaksi steam reforming . Model yang digunakan adalah model pseudohomogen dua dimensi dengan model dispersi, kondisi operasi steady state , adiabatis dan fasa gas mengikuti hukum gas ideal. Dari hasil simulasi didapatkan informasi bahwa kenaikan temperatur dari 593 K hingga 743 K meningkatkan konversi reaksi dari 36,64% menjadi 40,42%. Kenaikan kecepatan superfisal dari 0,63x10 -5 hingga 4,23x10 -5 m/s menghasilkan konversi reaksi turun dari 82,69% menjadi 27,81%. Perubahan kosentrasi etanol yang dimaskan ke reaktor dari 5,71x10 -5 mol/m 3 hingga 1,49x10 -4 mol/m 3 meningkatkan konversi reaksi dari 65,84% hingga 99,41%. Dan kenaikan rasio H 2 O/C 2 H 5 OH dari 3,0 hingga 11,0 meningkatkan konversi reaksi dari 56,74% menjadi 99,20%. Model reaktor unggun tetap untuk reaksi steam reforming etanol dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi kinerja reaktor dengan baik. Kata Kunci : Steam reforming, etanol, hidrogen, reaktor unggun tetap  ABSTRACT The fixed bed reactor is a type of reactor widely used for reactions using solid catalysts, one of which is a steam reforming reaction. Steam reforming reaction is a process of producing hydrogen from carbon-containing materials such as biomass and ethanol, by using a catalyst which can later be used as an alternative energy source that is environmental friendly. In this study, carried out the construction of a mathematical model and simulation of fixed bed reactor for performance analysis of fixed bed reactor for hydrogen production through ethanol steam reforming. The model used is pseudohomogeneous two-dimensional dispersion model, with steady state operating conditions, adiabatic and the gas phase following the ideal gas law. Result from simulation show that rising temperatures from 593 to 743 K increased the conversion reaction from 36,64% to 40,42%. The increase in superficial velocity 0,63x10 -5 to 4,23x10 -5 m/s decreased conversion reaction from 82,69 to 27,81%. Changes in the concentration of 5,713x10 -5 to 1,4913x10 -4 mol/m 3 increased the conversion reaction from 65,84 to 99,41%. And increasing ratio of H 2 O / C 2 H 5 OH from 3.0 to 11.0 increase conversion reaction of 56,74% into 99,20%. Model fixed bed reactor for ethanol steam reforming can be used to predict the performance of the reactor well.","PeriodicalId":117182,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Teknologi Industri","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130663346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perancangan dan Pembuatan Mesin Pengering Jagung Pipilan Tipe Rotary Batch","authors":"Hafid Hafid, Luky Krisnandy, M. Mahaputra","doi":"10.26578/JRTI.V12I1.3722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26578/JRTI.V12I1.3722","url":null,"abstract":"Perancangan dan pembuatan mesin pengering jagung pipilan tipe rotary batch telah dilakukan. Tujuannya adalah membuat pengembangan mesin pengering jagung menggunakan bahan bakar biomassa (bonggol jagung). Keunggulan mesin pengering ini adalah mempunyai kapasitas 4 ton, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kapasitas proses pengeringan jagung yang biasa digunakan petani tradisional, lebih efisien dalam penggunaan luas lahan tempat pengeringan, tenaga kerja yang digunakan lebih sedikit dan saat musim penghujan tidak ketergantungan terhadap sinar matahari. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan, terdiri dari dua kegiatan utama, yaitu: pertama adalah rekayasa perancangan dan pembuatan prototype mesin pengering jagung dan kelengkapannya, meliputi: (a) rotary drum , (b) rotary frame , (c) rotator, (d) heat exchanger . Kedua adalah menganalisis berapa besarnya biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk membuatnya sebagai dasar dalam menentukan harga pokok produksi yang tepat dan wajar serta perhitungan benefit cost ratio (BCR) nya. Meliputi perhitungan: (a) ongkos bahan fabrikasi dan bahan standar, (b) ongkos tenaga kerja langsung, (c) biaya jam mesin, (d) ongkos tidak langsung, (e) biaya pegawai dan (f) BCR. Hasil pengujian memperlihatkan dengan laju pengumpanan sekitar 0,4 kg/menit dan laju aliran udara 0,05 m 2 /s dapat dihasilkan suhu gas pembakaran mencapai sekitar 700-800 o C. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan analisis ekonomi diperoleh harga pokok mesin pengering jagung pipilan tipe rotary batch adalah sebesar Rp. 293.393.000 dan Benefit Cost Ratio > 1 (layak). Kata kunci : mesin pengering jagung pipilan, rotary batch , perbandingan biaya manfaat. ABSTRACT The design and manufacturing of the corn drying shelled machine rotary batch type has been done. The objective is to develop machine shelled corn dryers using biomass fuels (corn cobs). The advantage of this drying machine is that it has a capacity of 4 tons, so it can increase the capacity of the drying process of maize commonly used by traditional farmers, more efficient in the use of drying land area, less labor and less sun-dependent in rainy season. The research method was taken, consists of two main activities, namely: the first is engineering design and the manufacturing prototype of machine shelled corn drying and its equipment, including: (a) rotary drum, (b) rotary frame, (c) rotator, (d) heat exchanger. Second is to analyze how much it will cost as a basis for determining the exact and reasonable cost of production with the calculaition of benefit cost ratio (BCR). Consist of calculation: (a) cost of material fabrication and standard, (b) direct labor cost, (c) cost of machine hours, (d) overhead costs, (e) employee costs and (f) BCR. The results of testing showed the feed rate is about 0.4 kg/min and the airflow rate of 0.05 m 2 /s can produce a combustion gas temperature of about 700-800 o C. Based on the calculation of economic analysis is obtained the cost of good sold of corn drying shelled machine rotary batch ty","PeriodicalId":117182,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Teknologi Industri","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131517224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rancangan dan Uji Performansi Alat Pengering Tenaga Surya Menggunakan Pompa Kalor (Hibrida) untuk Pengeringan Biji Kakao","authors":"Sari Farah Dina, Harry P. Limbong, Siti Masriani Rambe","doi":"10.26578/JRTI.V12I1.3794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26578/JRTI.V12I1.3794","url":null,"abstract":"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui performansi pengeringan biji kakao fermentasi dengan mengkondisikan udara pengering sehingga memiliki kelembaban yang lebih rendah dan suhu yang lebih tinggi daripada lingkungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pompa kalor, kolektor surya, evaporator dan kondensor. Pengeringan berlangsung di posisi 3,36°LU - 98.4°BT, pada ketinggian 200 meter di atas permukaan laut dan waktu meridian (GMT + 7), selama tiga (3) hari dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Selama pengeringan, intensitas radiasi berada pada kisaran 20-803 Watt/m 2 dan suhu ruang pengering dalam kisaran 32-48°C dan 35-80%RH. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi termal rata-rata solar kolektor adalah 40-51%. Koefisien kinerja (COP) dan total kinerja pompa kalor, berturut-turut adalah 3,9 dan 9,3. Laju pengeringan, laju penguapan air spesifik dan konsumsi energi spesifik berturut-turut adalah 0,0481 kg/jam, 0,294 kg/kWh dan 6,12 MJ/kg. Pengeringan surya dibantu pompa kalor memberikan waktu pengeringan lebih pendek (rata-rata 24 jam) daripada penjemuran langsung (rata-rata 40 jam atau 5 hari). Kata kunci : pengeringan, tenaga surya, pompa kalor, performansi, mutu biji kakao ABSTRACT This research aims to find out the performance of drying of fermented cocoa beans by conditioning the dryer air so that it has lower humidity and higher temperature than the ambient condition. This research uses heat pump, solar collector, evaporator and condenser. Drying takes  at position 3.36 o LU - 98.4 o BT, at an altitude of 200 meters above sea level and meridian time (GMT + 7), for three (3) days with three repetitions. During drying, the radiation intensity is in the range of 20-803 Watts / m 2 and the drying room temperature in the range of 32-48 o C and 35-80% RH. The experimental results show that the average thermal efficiency of collector solar is 40-51%. The performance coefficients (COP) and total heat pump performance, respectively, are 3.9 and 9.3. Drying rate, specific water evaporation rate and specific energy consumption are 0.0481 kg / hour, 0.294 kg / kWh and 6.12 MJ / kg, respectively. The solar drying assisted heat pump gives shorter drying time (24 hours on average) than direct drying (average 40 hours or 5 days).","PeriodicalId":117182,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Riset Teknologi Industri","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131137907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}