Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Potential anticancer activity of chemically characterized extract of Olea europaea (Olive) leaves","authors":"Shehla Nasar Mir Najibullah, Javed Ahamad, Shahnaz Sultana, Subasini Uthirapathy","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3136","url":null,"abstract":"Olea europaea Linn. (Olive) is considered as essential component of Mediterranean diets. Olive leaves, fruits, and oil are traditionally known for several health benefits including diabetes, cardiac complications, cancer, etc. The objective of the present study is to determine the anticancer potential of chemically characterized O. europaea extract in MTT assay and EB/AO double staining method using Human lung cancer cell lines (A549). The chemical constituents present in the ethyl acetate extract of O. europaea leaves were characterized by GC-MS and its cytotoxic activity was assessed by MTT assay and EB/AO double staining method. The GC-MS analysis identified 63 chemical constituents, and neophytadiene (21.80%), zingiberenol (12.36%), and allohimachalol (5.49%) was found as major chemical constituents in ethyl acetate extract of O. europaea leaves. O. europaea produces a time and dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation of A549 cell lines. The cell viability of A549 cell lines after 24 hrs treatment with O. europaea ranged from 97.96±3.44 to 18.95±2.14 % for a concentration range of 0.5-500 μg/mL, respectively, with IC50 value of 21.91±1.8 μg/mL. EB/AO double staining shows significant apoptosis in early and late apoptotic, and necrotic cells with increased volume and showed uneven orange-red fluorescence at their periphery. The study outcome shows that O. europaea extract significantly inhibited cell proliferation and apoptosis in human lung cancer (A549) cell lines, and it also explores the chemical composition of O. europaea leaves extract.
 Keywords: Apoptosis, A549 cell lines, Cancer, GC-MS, MTT assay, Olea europea, Olive.
 
","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135022659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Guazuma ulmifolia tannins in the diet of Pelibuey lambs on animal performance and meat characteristics","authors":"Marco Antonio Ayala Monter, Omar Hernández Mendo, David Hernández Sánchez, Silvia López Ortiz, Gilberto Aranda Osorio, Ricardo Martínez Martínez","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3138","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the response of animal performance and meat characteristics of Pelibuey lambs to tannins of Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. in the diet. Twenty-eight male Pelibuey lambs (initial body weight of 23.6 ± 1.0 kg; 5 months old) were randomly assigned to one of four treatments (T): T1, control (base diet); T2, diet 1.5% tannins; T3, diet 2.5% tannins; and T4, diet 1000 IU vitamin E. Vitamin E was used as a positive control treatment. The variables evaluated were daily weight gain (DWG), dry matter intake (DMI), feed conversion, and carcass and meat characteristics. The experimental design was completely randomized, and treatments means were compared with Tukey test (P<0.05). None of the evaluated variables were different between treatments (P>0.05), except meat color (P<0.05), with higher values of L*(34.88), a*(11.49), and b*(2.28) when tannins were added to the diet of the lambs, without affecting the dry matter intake. Including Guazuma ulmifolia foliage in sheep feeding could be a feasible alternative.&#x0D; Keywords: Carcass dressing; Guazuma; Meat quality; Pelibuey sheep; Tannin","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135022660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and Severity of Virus Diseases of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) Under Varying Planting Density and Insecticidal Spray Regimes","authors":"S. A. Alaka, O. S. Balogun","doi":"10.4038/jfa.v16i1.5281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/jfa.v16i1.5281","url":null,"abstract":"Viral diseases are a major problem for cowpea production in Nigeria, causing yield reductions of up to 100%. To combat this, farmers use insecticide sprays and manipulate plant population densities. A field experiment was conducted in the Southern Guinea Savannah agro-ecological zone of Nigeria in 2016 cropping season to assess the impact of planting density and insecticidal spray regimes on virus diseases in cowpea. The study found that the lowest disease incidence (32.2%) was observed at a density of 25×75 cm, and the highest (41.9%) at a density of 75×75 cm. The combination of a density of 25×7 5cm with three insecticidal spray regimes had the lowest incidence (18.6%), while 75×75 cm with no insecticidal spray had the highest (66.5%) disease incidence. Thus, it is recommended to use a planting density of 25×75 cm with three insecticidal spray regimes. This study emphasizes the importance of planting density and insecticidal spray regimes in managing viral diseases in cowpea production. Farmers can utilize this information to reduce disease incidence and severity and increase yield.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"74 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87811251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant Regeneration from Cotyledon Explants of Bittergourd as influenced by Adenine Sulphate and D-Biotin","authors":"J. A. D. C. Kawshalya, T. Seran","doi":"10.4038/jfa.v16i1.5280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/jfa.v16i1.5280","url":null,"abstract":"The first experiment was done to select the most suitable explant to establish a culture for shoot regeneration. Four different explants (cotyledon, cotyledon node, leaf and hypocotyl) excised from in vitro grown seedlings were cultured on MS medium containing 1.0 mg l-1 BAP and 0.2 mg l-1 NAA. Cotyledon was the most responsive explant which exhibited quick callus initiation. The second experiment was conducted to determine the effect of cotyledon explants on different MS media containing 1.0 mg l-1 BAP, 0.2 mg l-1 NAA and also various concentrations (0, 20, 40 and 60 mg l-1) of adenine sulphate (AS). The best medium for callus formation was MS medium with 1.0 mg l-1 BAP, 0.2 mg l-1 NAA and 60 mg l-1 AS. Callus derived from the particular medium also showed the best positive response for shoot regeneration after subculturing on MS medium with 2.0 mg l-1 BAP and 0.2 mg l-1 NAA. In the third experiment, D-biotin added into the composition of the culture medium had a beneficial effect on the callogenesis in association with BAP and NAA. Regenerated shoots were multiplied on MS medium with 3.0 mg l-1 BAP. Eventually, in vitro rooting was achieved on MS medium included with 1.0 mg l-1 IBA.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86020702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of Debittered Pomelo Albedo Flour (Citrus maxima) in Bread: Functional, Nutritional and Phytochemical Characteristics","authors":"K. Olatoye, A. I. Lawal, F. B. Ojimi","doi":"10.4038/jfa.v16i1.5279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/jfa.v16i1.5279","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored the use of pomelo albedo as a composite flour in bread production. The pomelo albedo portion of the whole fruit was debittered through the standard method and obtained debittered pomelo albedo flours (DPAF) which were incorporated into wheat flour at four formulations of 0, 10, 20, and 30% for bread production. The impact of DPAF on functional characteristics of composite flours and physical, chemical and sensory characteristics of breads was investigated. The difference between 100% wheat flour and flour enriched with 30% DPAF regarding water absorption (130.00 - 166.33%), bulk density (0.68 - 0.96 g/ ml) and crude fibre (1.50 - 2.42%) was significant giving higher value in DPAF composite flours, while their specific volume (2.93 - 4.14 cm3/ g) and protein (7.75 - 10.07%) were lower than that of control bread without DPAF. The phytochemical properties of bread varied slightly with incorporation of DPAF. A Sensory evaluation test using a 9-point hedonic scale showed that the appearance, flavor and overall acceptability were within the liking rate for 10% composite bread. The overall results could be useful for guiding the future application of pomelo albedo by-product in the bakery industry.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87182810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Nutritious Biscuit by Substitution of Wheat Flour using Composite Flour of Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima), Corn (Zea mays) and Soybean (Glycine max) and Quality Evaluation","authors":"W. M. D. S. N. Wanigasooriya, P. Arampath, C. Wellala","doi":"10.4038/jfa.v16i1.5284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/jfa.v16i1.5284","url":null,"abstract":"Nutrients are vital for the growth and development of the human body. Intake of inadequate nutrients substantially affects the growth and mental development of young children. The aim of this research was to formulate and develop a nutritious baby biscuit using composite flour of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima), soybean (Glycine max) and corn (Zea mays) for children, under 5 years old. Composite flour was prepared by blending wheat flour with pumpkin flour, soybean flour and corn flour with the respective ratios of 100:0:0:0 (T1), 85:5:5:5 (T2), 70:10:10:10 (T3), and 55:15:15:15 (T4). The suitability of the composite flour was evaluated by the functional properties, microbial quality-related parameters, sensory attributes and proximate composition analysis. Functional properties namely water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity and foam capacity were significantly higher (p <0.05) in composite flour than in wheat flour. The best-preferred baby biscuit was developed using treatment 3 (T3: 70:10:10:10), representing 30% of composite flour. The colour, flavour, texture and overall acceptability of the baby biscuit were significantly higher (p <0.05). The composite flour (T3) possessed 3.96% moisture (wb), 2.66% ash, 14.18% fat, 2.23% fibre, 3.43% protein, 74.75% carbohydrate, 46.00 mg/ g calcium, 3.18 mg /g iron and 427.90 mg/ g potassium. Total plate count (540 CFU) and yeast and mould count (360 CFU) were below the standard microbial limits for biscuits. In conclusion, 30% substitution of wheat flour using composite flour (pumpkin, soybean and corn) was successful in the production of nutritious biscuits for young children.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"298 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73389904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined effect of carvacrol and high hydrostatic pressure on quality attributes of chicken meat during refrigerated conditions","authors":"Khabat Noori Hussein, Bashdar I. Meena, Hiwa M. Ahmed, Tamás Csurka, Adrienn Varga-Tóth, Karina Hidas, Jónás Gábor, László Friedrich, István Dalmadi, Csaba Németh","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3133","url":null,"abstract":"The application of hurdle approach using high hydrostatic processing (HHP) with bioactive compounds (BACs) to preserve meat quality is promising due to safety, improved well-being, and easier acceptance by customers compared to the use of synthetic preservatives. This study was designed to investigate the influence of natural phenolic BAC carvacrol (CARV) at 500 and 1000 ppm combined with HHP(300 and 600MPa) on the quality attributes of chicken meat after being vacuum-sealed and kept at 4 ± 0.5 °C for 28 days. The HHP showed a significantly higher pH rate (P<0.05), increased L* and b* value, decreased a* values, and reduction in water holding capacity (WHC) compared to unpressurized control meat with/without CARV. Reduction in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) indexes was perceived in meat supplemented with CARV, and low level of HHP (300 HHP) whereas significantly increased lipid oxidation was witnessed with HHP 600 MPa. At day 28, an increase in aerobic mesophilic counts (AMCs) was observed in all meat samples. However, reductions of about 0.6, 0.8, and 1.1 log in AMCs were seen in meat treated with 600HHP-No CARV, HHP300-CARV 500 ppm, and 600HHP-CARV 1000 ppm, respectively. Furthermore, despite the overlapping aroma pattern between meat containing CARV and control groups, the electronic nose was able to discriminate control from samples subjected to HHP. The current results demonstrate that the addition of CARV improved the conservation effects of HHP with less oxidative deterioration of fresh chicken meat during chilling storage. Keywords: Bioactive compounds; High hydrostatic processing; Chicken meat; Lipid oxidation; Microbiological properties","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136311233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxic and anti-metastatic action mediates the anti-proliferative activity of Rhazya stricta Decne inducing apoptotic cell death in human cancer cells: Implication in chemopreventive mechanism","authors":"M. Ullah, Faisel M. Abuduhier, Showket H. Bhat, Aamir Ahmad, Mohammad Rehan Ajmal, Syed Khalid Mustafa","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3132","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is associated with a high rate of pre-mature mortality worldwide and serves as a significant impediment to extended life expectancy, leading to undesirable long-term effects on the quality of life of the patients. Bioactive chemical products derived from natural sources have an important place in the well-being of the human population since ancient times. Compounds derived from natural sources have dominated the drug discovery programs in the last five decades and comprise a substantial proportion of current-day pharmaceutical agents. Rhazya stricta, an evergreen shrub, it belongs to family Apocynaceae of order Gentianales, and the Rhazya stricta is known to have certain medicinal properties, as the Middle East and South Asian traditional medicine employed this plant as a cure for different diseases. Herein, the hydro-methanolic extract of Rhazya stricta Decne has been studied for its effect on spectrum of cancer cells, including LNCaP, C4-2B, PC-3 prostate cancer cells, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, SKBR3 breast cancer cells, A-549 lung cancer cells and BxPC-3, MiaPaCa-2 pancreatic cancer. Hydro-methanolic extract of Rhazya stricta Decne in a dose-dependent manner, showed progressive inhibition of cell growth by induction of cell death in the treated human cancer cells. The IC value range for different breast cancer cell lines was 142-178 µg/ml; for prostate cancer cell lines, it was 90-148 µg/ml; for pancreatic cancer cell lines 116-166 µg/ml and for the lung cancer cells, it was reported to be 180 µg/ml. The anti-metastatic potential of extract was indicated by the notable reduction in invasiveness and cell migration. Moreover, the structurally diverse phytochemical rich extract, also downregulates the signaling of NF-kB and the NF-kB downstream target cytokine VEGF, providing an insight into the anticancer action mechanism.Keywords: Cell biology; Cancer chemoprevention; Anticancer drugs; Cell signaling; Natural compounds","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of soy isoflavones on bone health among female university students: a pilot study","authors":"A. Goja, Sara Al-Otaishan, Layla Al-Awami, Nirjes Ali, Zainab Al-Faraj, Eman Al-Kulayf, Zahraa Al-Sukairi, Omar I. Abuzaid, Tunny Sebastian, Rabie Khattab","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3131","url":null,"abstract":"Low bone mineral density (BMD) has become more common in young women. In postmenopausal women, soy isoflavones have been demonstrated to have a powerful influence on bone health when taken as a food supplement. It is unclear how soy isoflavones affect premenopausal women, though. This study looked at how soy isoflavones affected female university students’ BMD. Thirty female students, aged 18 to 25, were introduced to a Quasi-experimental design, where only 28 could complete the study. Participants received soy isoflavone at 60 mg/day for 28 days. BMD was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) before and after supplementation. In addition, twenty-four hours food recall and food frequency questioners (FFQ) were used to evaluate the dietary intake of participants. The prevalence of osteoporosis among participants was 18% osteoporosis, 61% osteopenia and 21% normal. After 4 weeks of intervention, a slight improvement in the BMD was recorded. This improvement was noticed in 33, 59, and 40% of normal,osteopenia, and osteoporosis participants, respectively. Soy isoflavone supplementation can be useful in decreasing the risk of osteopenia among premenopausal women. These promising results ensure the viability of conducting full-scale clinical trials to thoroughly look at the relationship between soy isoflavones and bone health among pre-menopausal women. Keywords: Osteoporosis; Bone mineral density; Soy isoflavone; Saudi Arabia","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of cytogenotoxic effect of potassium acetate on Allium cepa L. root tips","authors":"Nasreen Jalal Hussein","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3129","url":null,"abstract":"Potassium acetate is a food additive used for preserving and regulating acidity (buffering agent) of processed food. The continuous use of food additives in our various foodstuffs made it necessary to test their possible toxicity. This research aims to test the cytogenotoxic effects of the food additive potassium acetate (E261) by using Allium cepa test system. The parameters tested were: root length, root number, mitotic index, and mitotic abnormalities. The concentrations of potassium acetate were: 0,00% (control), 0,05%, 0,10%, 0.15%, 0,20%, and 0,25%. The onions were incubated in different concentrations of potassium acetate for 72 hours. The roots were then taken and spread on a microscopic slide by squash method. The results showed that the tested food additive had a positive effect on root length, root number, and mitotic index at 0.05%. However, it had mitodepressive effect at higher concentrations and also decreased root length and root number as compared to the control. Total mitotic abnormalities increased with increasing the food additive concentration. The different mitotic abnormalities observed were laggard chromosomes, C-mitosis, multipolar anaphase, sticky metaphase, binucleate, sticky anaphase, and micronuclei. The highest effect of the test material was observed at 0.25% potassium acetate. These results suggest that this food additive is mutagenic and can be harmful if used in high concentrations in food. Keywords: Food additive, Meristematic cells, Mitotic index, Abnormalities","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}