Proceedings of the 28th Annual European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics最新文献

{"title":"The role of display technology and individual differences on presence","authors":"Y. Ling, H. Nefs, Willem-Paul Brinkman, I. Heynderickx, C. Qu","doi":"10.1145/1962300.1962369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1962300.1962369","url":null,"abstract":"Originality/Value -- Having a better understanding of the relation between human factors and feelings of presence may facilitate the selection of people that are most likely to benefit from virtual reality applications such as virtual reality exposure therapy (e.g. Krijn et al, 2004). A better understanding of how presence can be optimized on different displays, may also lead to the possibility to use less complex display types (as compared to HMD's or CAVE's) to create virtual reality consumer applications. It also opens the possibility to tailor the virtual reality display to the individual, optimizing presence. Research approach -- First, we investigate the relationships between perceived presence and some human factors, including stereoscopic ability, depth impression, and personality. We describe this experiment here in some detail. Second, we focus on the potential maximum presence that can be obtained for specific devices, for example, by manipulating the size, perspective and viewing distance. Third, we will investigate how monocular depth cues can be used to maximize presence for different display types. Finally, we will look specifically at how presence can be maximized on small hand-held devices, for example by incorporating compensation for display movement. In all our experiments we will focus on public speaking and person-to-avatar communication. Presence is measured in three different ways: 1) through questionnaires, 2) behaviourally, and 3) physiologically. Motivation--Several factors such as the kind of display technology and the level of user interaction have been found to affect presence (e.g., IJsselsteijn et al, 2000). Generally, it had been concluded that the more immersive types of display result in higher levels of presence. However, studies comparing the effect of display technology on presence are mostly based on rendering the same content across different displays. Previous studies have typically not attempted to optimize the content for each display type individually. Furthermore, it has not been considered before that some viewers may not benefit as much as others from higher levels of technology.","PeriodicalId":115733,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 28th Annual European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134565136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The social Robotplatform Probo","authors":"Jelle Saldien, B. Vanderborght, D. Lefeber","doi":"10.1145/1962300.1962386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1962300.1962386","url":null,"abstract":"The past four years a unique robot platform 'Probo' is developed to study cognitive Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). The robot Probo (Saldien, 2009) is designed to act as a social interface, providing a natural interaction while employing human-like social cues and communication modalities. The robot has a fully actuated head, with 20 degrees of freedom, capable of showing facial expressions. Probo embodies a stuffed imaginary animal, providing a soft touch and a huggable appearance. A Robot Control Centre (RCC) enables the operator to control the robot in shared autonomy with the cognitive control of the robot. These cognitive control systems include the simulation of attention, homeostasis, emotional state and the generation of lifelike motions. This project aims to study HRI and Robotic Assisted Therapy (RAT) with a special focus on hospitalized children, a field with growing attention in the robotics community.","PeriodicalId":115733,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 28th Annual European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"185 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129651637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive task analysis for virtual reality training: the case of CNC tool offsetting","authors":"D. Nathanael, G. Vosniakos, S. Mosialos","doi":"10.1145/1962300.1962350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1962300.1962350","url":null,"abstract":"Motivation -- To examine if cognitive task analysis of expert machinists can be effective in developing a virtual reality based training system for CNC tool offsetting. Research approach -- A cognitive task analysis of expert machinists was conducted which informed the development of a VR training system for CNC tool offsetting. Subsequently the effectiveness of the analysis was evaluated by conducting an experiment with 31 mechanical engineering students. Findings/Design -- The virtual reality system demonstrated positive training transfer for the task of tool offsetting. The above indicates that the cognitive task analysis performed was effective in identifying a number of key skills of the tool offsetting task. Research limitations/Implications -- The study does not prove the superiority of cognitive task analysis over other approaches for specifying virtual reality training systems, since it does not compare the cognitively tuned system with another one. Originality/Value -- The present work provides evidence that skill transfer can be achieved even with low physical fidelity provided that the cognitive organization of a task is adequately mapped in the virtual reality system. Take away message -- Further and beyond fidelity issues, cognitive task analysis can provide important input in specifying effective VR training systems.","PeriodicalId":115733,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 28th Annual European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122903623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The semantic level in HMS design: constraints, scale types and representational forms","authors":"M. May","doi":"10.1145/1962300.1962316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1962300.1962316","url":null,"abstract":"Motivation -- A conceptual analysis of the semantic level in Human-Machine Systems (HMS) design is suggested and a revision of the approach of Cognitive Systems Engineering (CSE) is outlined. Specifically the role of scales and representational forms in Ecological Interface Design (EID) as well as the principles of information integration should be reconsidered. Research approach -- Conceptual analysis of theoretical and methodological issues in CSE and EID. Findings/Design -- Although EID is justifiably seen as the most advanced theory and methodology within CSE, it has a limited focus on direct perception of affordances and constraints in the work domain -- leaving aside other issues such as e.g. representational forms in general and the role of scale types and scale transformations. Research limitations/Implications -- The semiotic framework for analysing the semantic level in Human Machine Systems design needs to show its impact on actual design methodologies, i.e. through cases on integrated design of processes, automation, and HMS. Originality/Value -- Clarification of conceptual issues in CSE-based HMS design is attempted and it is sketched how a semiotics of representation design could be an addition to the conceptual foundation of CSE. Take away message -- A shift in conceptual orientation of design for safety can be obtained by elaborating the implicit semiotics of CSE and EID into an explicit semiotics of representation design.","PeriodicalId":115733,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 28th Annual European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128956196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haptic communication to enhance collaboration in virtual environments","authors":"A. Chellali, Cédric Dumas, I. Milleville-Pennel","doi":"10.1145/1962300.1962319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1962300.1962319","url":null,"abstract":"Motivation -- To study haptic communication in collaborative virtual environments. Research approach -- An experimental study was conducted, in which 60 students were asked to perform in dyads a shared manual task after a training period. Findings/Design -- The results show that haptic communication can influence the common frame of reference development in a shared manual task. Research limitations/Implications -- Deeper verbalization analyses are needed to evaluate the common frame of reference development. Originality/Value -- This study highlights haptic interactions importance when designing virtual environment that support shared manual tasks. Take away message -- Haptic communication, combined with visual and verbal communication, enriches interactions in collaborative virtual environments.","PeriodicalId":115733,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 28th Annual European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127341749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of argumentation in online epistemic communities: the anatomy of a conflict in Wikipedia","authors":"D. Fréard, Alexandre Denis, F. Détienne, M. Baker, M. Quignard, Flore Barcellini","doi":"10.1145/1962300.1962320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1962300.1962320","url":null,"abstract":"Motivation -- This research aims to investigate the processes by which knowledge objects --- in this case Wikipedia pages on astronomy --- are elaborated, in online communities, focussing on the role of argumentative interactions. Research approach -- We articulate qualitative multidimensional analysis of online discussions, in relation to elaboration of Wikipedia pages, with automatic semantic and syntactic Natural Language Processing (NLP) analysis focussed on identifying the roles of dialogical argumentation processes. Findings/Design -- Knowledge objects in online communities are jointly shaped by socio-relational and epistemic processes. Research limitations/Implications -- Our analysis method, based on previous research, is presently restricted to in-depth analysis of a small number of discussions. In ongoing work, our objective is to apply the method to the whole corpus of the Wikipedia astronomy online epistemic community. Originality/Value -- Our qualitative analysis approach distinguishes multiple functions of dialogue applying to diverse contents (task, interlocutor-related), in relation to automatic NLP analysis. Take away message -- The way that online epistemic communities function goes beyond knowledge-based discussion and argumentation, to involve negotiation of competencies of so-called 'experts' and 'amateurs'.","PeriodicalId":115733,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 28th Annual European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134401998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the dynamics of common ground: a methodological proposal","authors":"C. Chauvin, G. Coppin, H. Chéné","doi":"10.1145/1962300.1962342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1962300.1962342","url":null,"abstract":"The elaboration and maintenance of a common ground between team members are crucial aspects for the efficiency and safety of complex systems. A method has been designed to analyze communication between members of a bridge team of a merchant ship, that was recorded during training sessions on a bridge simulator. This method aims to pointing out the positive or negative dynamics of their common ground. It relies on Hoc coding schemes, as well as on the Bales Interaction Process Analysis. Using a transposition of computer science parsing tools, we try to qualify the different levels and the dynamics of the common ground, expressed in terms of left-open requests or average time of closure. This research is in progress. Its main interest is to combine existing coding schemes (coming from cognitive ergonomics and from social psychology) to formalize functional communications and to use computer science tools to point out and qualify the dynamics of a common ground.","PeriodicalId":115733,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 28th Annual European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131102906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robots that care","authors":"R. Looije, J. Arendsen, Jelle Saldien, B. Vanderborght, J. Broekens, Mark Antonius Neerincx","doi":"10.1145/1962300.1962362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1962300.1962362","url":null,"abstract":"Many countries face pressure on their health care systems. To alleviate this pressure, 'self care' and 'self monitoring' are often stimulated with the use of new assistive technologies. Social robotics is a research area where robotic technology is optimized for various social functions. One of these functions is self care assistance. To foster progress in this area of 'social robotics for self care', coordinated efforts between research institutes, companies and end users are needed. This workshop focuses on bringing these stakeholders together and creating a shared research agenda.","PeriodicalId":115733,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 28th Annual European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115780511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WikiTherapist","authors":"J. Gillesen, Stijn Boere, E. Barakova","doi":"10.1145/1962300.1962390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1962300.1962390","url":null,"abstract":"Motivation -- This paper describes a platform that can be used by therapists to easily create treatment programs for ASD patients based on robotic systems. Research approach -- Through extensive collaboration with treatment clinics, the needs and requirements of therapists are analysed and implemented in several design stages. Design -- The basis of the platform is a combination of the humanoid mobile robot NAO (Figure 1) with a visual programming environment TiViPE. The end-user qualities of TiViPE extended with learning by imitation programming techniques allows therapists to create therapy programs without the need for extensive programming skills. Take away message -- The successful introduction of autistic treatment programs involving robotics requires the ability of therapists to create and adapt the therapy to patient specific needs.","PeriodicalId":115733,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 28th Annual European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115925708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The need for a multi-factorial model of safe human performance in air traffic control","authors":"Tamsyn Edwards, S. Sharples, John R. Wilson, B. Kirwan","doi":"10.1145/1962300.1962353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1962300.1962353","url":null,"abstract":"Motivation -- A review of the focus on single-factor effects on performance, and understanding of how this focus on single factors is relevant to human performance decrements and incidents in an Air Traffic Control environment. Research approach -- A literature review of 83 articles investigating human factor interactions, followed by an analysis of 420 European aviation incident reports. Findings/Design -- The results suggest that Human Factors approaches reported in the literature are fundamentally single-factor, or at most two-factor in nature. Multiple factor co-occurrences were found to exist throughout aviation incident reports. Research limitations/Implications -- It is believed that reporting biases may have impacted the accuracy of incident reports. Data may therefore need to be interpreted with some caution. The implication of the contrasting findings from literature and incident reports suggests the need now for a new approach to understanding how multiple human factors impact performance, how incidents occur, and how they can be prevented. Originality/Value -- This research demonstrates the need for a modified focus in human factor literature, and encourages further investigation of the impact of multiple factor interactions on performance decrements, especially within safety-critical environments. Take away message -- A multi-factor approach to human performance is needed to explain and prevent performance decrements in safety critical environments.","PeriodicalId":115733,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 28th Annual European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122803453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}