e-Academia Journal最新文献

{"title":"ASSESSING THE SELECTED HEAVY METALS CONCENTRATION ON PALM OIL SOIL AND FRUIT FARM SOIL","authors":"W. Manan, R. Alias, Nor Aimuni Syahirah Che Aziz, Rusdin Laiman","doi":"10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5395","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted at Felda Jengka 8, Pahang in Malaysia to find out the contents of heavy metals in palm oil soil and fruit farm soil adjacent to estimate the pollution level. Four types of selected heavy metals namely Cu, Zn, Pb and Ni in different soil sampling point were collected in triplicates and analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma – Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES) after wet digestion. Contamination factor (CF) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) were used to estimate the degree of contamination heavy metal in soil. Heavy metal concentration range were as follow; 0.910 – 2.000 mg/kg for Cu, 0.460 – 2.060 mg/kg for Zn, 0.080 – 0.220 mg/kg for Pb and 0.020 – 0.100 mg/kg for Ni. Cu and Zn concentration was found to be higher than other metal concentrations. The continuous application of chemical fertilizers possibly related to accumulation of heavy metals in soil. Results showed CF values were between moderate to considerable contaminant especially in palm oil soil. While, for Igeo values were indicated uncontaminated to fairly contaminated for the study sites. This recommends the utilization of chemical fertilizer is still in the monitoring. However, more physicochemical analyses are needed for metal analysis and determination of other heavy metal elements such as Cd, As, Se and Cr for further research. \u0000Keywords: Chemical Fertilizer, Contamination Factor, Geo-accumulation Index, Heavy Metal","PeriodicalId":11454,"journal":{"name":"e-Academia Journal","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86000144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONTINUOUS ASSESMENT AS A MEDIATING VARIABLE BETWEEN CLASS ATTENDANCE AND STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE","authors":"N. H. M. Noh, Nor Aini Hassanuddin, Sarah Yusoff, N. M. Sukri","doi":"10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5393","url":null,"abstract":"In higher education, besides final examination, students’ performance will also be measured throughout 14 weeks of lecture that contains tests, projects, quizzes and assignments as their continuous assessment. In UiTM, the continuous assessment for statistical subject is in range of 40% to 60% that contributes to their performance. This percentage is considered high and students cannot neglect this factor if they want to get good grades. With this belief, the effect of continuous assessment as mediating variable to determine relationship between final examination performance and students’ classroom participation throughout one semester in UiTM Kuala Terengganu among Diploma of Computer Science (CS110) students and Bachelor of Business Computing (CS244) students from Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics who undertook a statistics course will be studied. Positive correlation was reported indicating that there exists positive relationship between classroom attendance and final examination grades. Students then were grouped into two groups according to the ‘80% rule’. Furthermore, Sobel Test indicates that there exists mediating effect of continuous assessment between class attendance and final mark. As a conclusion, participation and understanding the lecture in a statistics class is an important indicator that contributes to their performance. \u0000Keywords: Student performance, Learning statistics, Continuous assessment, Correlation, Mediating variable","PeriodicalId":11454,"journal":{"name":"e-Academia Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85071611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HYBRID MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLE-FUNCTIONALIZED POLYTHIOPHENES AND ITS POTENTIAL AS A SORBENT TO EXTRACT PHTHALATES","authors":"S. Baharin, Norazilawati Muhamad Sarih, S. Mohamad, S. Shahabuddin, Nur Rahimah Said","doi":"10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5398","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic polythiophene and poly-3-hexylthiophene was successfully synthesized. FTIR data suggested the presence of functionalized polythiophenes in the nanocomposites. XRD peaks confirmed the entire characteristic peak for Fe3O4 presence in all prepared nanocomposites. From the vibrating sample magnetometry hysterisis loop P3Th-coated MNPs (MNP@P3Th) established great magnetization than other nanocomposites. BET results showed decreasing trend of pore size due to addition of polymer coating. The thermograms of nanocomposite indicated that all the nanocomposites were stable up to 210 °C. The synthesized material was screened for the extraction of commercially available phthalates namely din-octyl phthalate (DNOP) butyl phthalate (DBP), and butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and P3Th-coated MNPs (MNP@P3Th) showed highest extraction concentration for all tested phthalates. \u0000Keywords: Functionalized polythiophene; Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, phthalates","PeriodicalId":11454,"journal":{"name":"e-Academia Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85281788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXTRACTION OF NAPHTHENIC ACIDS FROM ACIDIC PETROLEUM CRUDE OIL UTILIZING 2-METHYLIMIDAZOLE WITH THE AID OF Ca/Al2O3 AND Ce/Al2O3 CATALYSTS","authors":"Norshahidatul Akmar Mohd Shohaimi, W. A. Bakar, N. M. Shukri, Khairan Shaidi","doi":"10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5396","url":null,"abstract":"Naphthenic acids (NAs) is one of the major sources of corrosion in oil pipelines and distillation units in crude oil refineries. Removing NA compounds from crude oils is regarded as one of the most crucial processes in heavy oil upgrading. Catalytic deacidification method had been developed in order to reduce the total acid number values in crude oil. Crude oil from Petronas Penapisan Melaka had been chosen to be studied with original total acid number (TAN) of 2.43 mg KOH/g. The parameters used were different catalyst calcination temperatures, catalyst loading, reagent concentration, reaction times and reaction temperature. Acid removal agent of 2-methylimidazole in ethanol and monometallic calcium and cerium doped with alumina were used as a catalyst. The results showed that with the aid of catalyst, the TAN can be reduced to lower than 1 mg KOH/g. Catalyst of Ca/Al2O3 calcined at 900oC gave a better reduction than Ce/Al2O3 with 83.54% of TAN reduction (2.43 to 0.4) for Ca/Al2O3 catalyst and 71.19% (2.43 to 0.7) for Ce/Al2O3 catalyst. The best catalyst underwent several characterization methods such as X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA-DTA) for its physicochemical properties. It can be concluded that catalytic deacidification method was effective in extracting NAs from the crude oil thus lowered the TAN value to less than 1 mg KOH/g. \u0000Keywords: Naphthenic acids; Crude oil; Catalysts","PeriodicalId":11454,"journal":{"name":"e-Academia Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79001793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF GO-KART CHASSIS","authors":"Mohamad Azri Haziq Mohd Jafri Mohd Jafri, S. H. Marwan, Muhammad Khairudin Mohd Lazim, Nurul Damia Mohd Anuar","doi":"10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5397","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to model, simulate and perform the static analysis of a go-kart chassis consisting of circular beams. Modelling, simulations and analysis are performed using modelling software i.e. SolidWorks for Go Kart Challenges 2017 (GKC-17). The maximum stress and displacement is determined by performing static analysis. The result of maximum stress is compared to maximum yield strength of maximum stress whether the maximum stress is exceeding the maximum yield strength or not. It can also show the displacement where it shows the deformation of the chassis part when the load applied to the chassis. \u0000Keywords: chassis; Go kart; FEA; SolidWorks","PeriodicalId":11454,"journal":{"name":"e-Academia Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90040401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CORE FEATURES OF INDIAN MUSLIM RESTAURANT CONCEPT IN WEST MALAYSIA","authors":"M. Jalis, N. Husin","doi":"10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5381","url":null,"abstract":"Ethnic restaurant has been recognized as one of the fastest growing food outlets in Malaysia. One of the most successful ethnic restaurants found in Malaysia is Indian Muslim or popularly known as Mamak restaurant. Since early 2000, Indian Muslim restaurants are known for their 24 hours’ of food business operation as well as the various food business operation models including cafeteria and table service styles. However, until today, scholars keep discussing and exploring the concept of Indian Muslim restaurant. It was also found that limited number of attention and detail are given by scholars on the core concept of ethnic restaurant especially the case of Indian Muslim restaurant in West Malaysia. Therefore, using existing literature and systematic observation, this study aims to explore and critically discuss the core features of Indian Muslim restaurant in West Malaysia within the concept of ethnic restaurant. From the content analysis, this study has discovered that menu item (i.e. the name of food and drinks), staff (i.e. ethnicity and physical appearance), and cooking style have significant contributions to uplift the identity of Indian Muslim restaurant. These features not only define Indian Muslim restaurant but also act as the core business attraction as well as strengthen a better understanding on the idea and concept of Indian Muslim restaurant especially in West Malaysia. In addition, the decoration of restaurant such as the choice of interior and exterior colors (i.e. mainly blue and green), wearing ‘Songkok’ (i.e. male Muslim hat) and hijab (i.e. waitress), and displaying wall frames that contain Arabic calligraphic on every corner of restaurant wall signify the notion of Islam and Halal among the Muslim customers. This an example of a Muslim Friendly Restaurant (MFR) concept within a combination framework of ethnic and religious. In summary, this study concludes that beyond serving a plate of food, Indian Muslim restaurant in West Malaysia also educates their customers and publics to learn and appreciate the uniqueness of the concept of ethnic itself. \u0000 Keywords: Educating; West Malaysia; Ethnic, Restaurant Concept, Indian Muslim","PeriodicalId":11454,"journal":{"name":"e-Academia Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83119857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NON-ACCOUNTING STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDY SKILLS USING IN-CLASS SUPPLEMENTAL INSTRUCTION","authors":"Shazalina Mohamed Shuhidan, Yunita Awang, Norazamina Mohamed","doi":"10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5380","url":null,"abstract":"Challenges such as different background and abilities of universities’ students, reluctance of academic staff in understanding students’ learning style and lack of study skills knowledge among students and lecturers are to be resolved by public universities. Resolving these challenges will provide better learning environment in public universities. Thus, the objectives of this study are to identify the reflective measures of study skills and to examine the students’ perception on the development of study skills by using In-Class Supplemental Instruction (ICSI). Using the questionnaires survey, this study found 10 reflective measures of study skills with Cronbach Alpha of 0.930 which indicates all reflective measures have good internal consistency reliability. The respondents are satisfied with the ICSI sessions in helping them to develop their study skills with an average mean of 4.09. It is concurred that ICSI approach assists in developing study skills such as deeper understanding, discussing and solving problem, teamwork and academic skills. \u0000Challenges such as different background and abilities of universities’ students, reluctance of academic staff in understanding students’ learning style and lack of study skills knowledge among students and lecturers are to be resolved by public universities. Resolving these challenges will provide better learning environment in public universities. Thus, the objectives of this study are to identify the reflective measures of study skills and to examine the students’ perception on the development of study skills by using In-Class Supplemental Instruction (ICSI). Using the questionnaires survey, this study found 10 reflective measures of study skills with Cronbach Alpha of 0.930 which indicates all reflective measures have good internal consistency reliability. The respondents are satisfied with the ICSI sessions in helping them to develop their study skills with an average mean of 4.09. It is concurred that ICSI approach assists in developing study skills such as deeper understanding, discussing and solving problem, teamwork and academic skills. \u0000Keywords: In-class supplemental instruction, Accounting course, Study skills, Learning and teaching approach","PeriodicalId":11454,"journal":{"name":"e-Academia Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87453621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION USING FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED (FTIR) SPECTROCOPY","authors":"N. A. Rahman, Matzaini Katon, N. Zulkifli","doi":"10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5378","url":null,"abstract":"Automatic Transmission (AT) system is efficient in the aspects of vehicle safety, comfort, reliability and driving performance. The objectives of this paper are to collect the oil samples from AT systems of engine bus according to manufacturer's recommendations and analyse collected oil samples using oil analysis technique. The sample transmission fluid which was taken from the AT gearbox has been experimentally analyzed. The oil samples were taken with an interval of 5,000km, 30,000km, 50,000km, 80,000km, 180,000km and 300,000km for AT bus operation. These samples then have been analyzed by comparing between new and used transmission fluid using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Oil analysis by FTIR is a form of Predictive Maintenance (PdM) to avoid major failure in machine elements. Most machine elements are not easily accessible in the transmission system. Having a reliable technique would avoid the needs to open the components unnecessarily, hence, help to prevent catastrophic failure which are very costly, and ease of regular monitoring. In order to identify the major failures of automatic gearbox, forecasts can be made regarding the lube transmission fluid analysis test. By using this test, the minor problems can be determined before they become major failures. At the end of this research, the wear particles profile for interval mileage of AT system was obtained. \u0000Keywords: Wear, Automatic Transmission (AT), Transmission fluid, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Oil analysis.","PeriodicalId":11454,"journal":{"name":"e-Academia Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91518489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE CONCEPT OF AURAH: ISLAMIC DRESSING CODE AND PERSONAL GROOMING ACCORDING TO FIQH LAW","authors":"Siti Fatimah Tasir, N. Jusoh","doi":"10.24191/E-AJ.V7I2.4682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/E-AJ.V7I2.4682","url":null,"abstract":"The method and manner of dressing, whether it is halal or haram have been extensively discussed by many scholars to ensure that the clothes Muslims wear go beyond covering their bodies; it also has to do with the well-being of the individuals as well as the community. All the dress codes specified by Allah and His Messenger form the guiding principles for Muslims as part of their way of life. This article discusses the dressing code in terms of clothing and accessories in Islam for both men and women. This code illustrates what is allowed and not allowed in the selection of clothing and accessories as well as the justifications for obeying this code in daily life. This study covers the actual definition of the concept of aurah according to Islam, women's hijab and veil, jewelry for women and men, and the dress codes of women and men. The findings of the study indicate that in Islam, fashion involving clothing and accessories can fulfil the current needs of society as long as the dress code is adhered to. \u0000Keywords: Dress, Adornment, Halal, Haram","PeriodicalId":11454,"journal":{"name":"e-Academia Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89571315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HARTA WASIAT ORANG ISLAM: SATU ULASAN RINGKAS DARI PERSPEKTIF PERUNDANGAN DI MALAYSIA","authors":"Norfarizah Mohd Noor, C. Ismail, Norfarizah Mohd Noor, Siti Mashitoh Mahamood","doi":"10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24191/E-AJ.V7ISI-TEMIC18.5394","url":null,"abstract":"Secara amnya, pentadbiran harta pusaka dan harta wasiat di Malaysia mengguna pakai dua sistem undangundang iaitu undang-undang Islam dan undang-undang Sivil yang mana pemakaiannnya adalah bersifat selari (parallel). Secara teorinya, Mahkamah Syariah mempunyai bidang kuasa eksklusif mengenai Hukum Syarak dalam hal undang-undang perwarisan orang Islam, tetapi praktikalnya menunjukkan bahawa undang-undang sedia ada seolah-olah memberi kuasa yang lebih kepada Mahkamah Sivil dan institusi-institusi lain di peringkat persekutuan. Ini kerana tiada undang-undang prosedur yang khusus untuk mentadbir harta wasiat orang Islam. Walaupun pentadbiran dan pengurusan harta wasiat berjalan seperti biasa, tetapi tidak dapat dinafikan masih wujud kelompangan undang-undang dan isu-isu tertentu yang seringkali timbul sebelum dan selepas sesuatu pentadbiran harta wasiat dilaksanakan. Justeru itu, kajian ini lebih memberi fokus kepada aspek perbincangan isu-isu yang timbul dalam perundangan harta wasiat khususnya orang Islam di Malaysia. Penulisan ini menggunakan kaedah kepustakaan bagi mendapatkan data-data yang merupakan dokumendokumen seperti buku akademik, kertas-kertas kerja, jurnal, statut, laporan perundangan, surat pekeliling dan maklumat-maklumat daripada laman sesawang. Hasil penulisan ini menampakkan beberapa isu yang berbangkit melibatkan beberapa aspek penting dalam perundangan. \u0000Katakunci: Harta wasiat orang Islam, Harta pusaka, Isu-isu perundangan, Undang-undang Islam, Undangundang sivil","PeriodicalId":11454,"journal":{"name":"e-Academia Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78679593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}