Critical reviews in oncology/hematology最新文献

{"title":"Gynecomastia and its potential progression to male breast cancer: Mechanisms, genetic factors, and hormonal interactions","authors":"Dingyi Fu ,&nbsp;Haoquan Miao ,&nbsp;Zhonglin Wang ,&nbsp;Chuang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2025.104651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2025.104651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gynecomastia is the most common breast condition in men, while male breast cancer remains relatively rare. This review explores the potential relationship between gynecomastia and male breast cancer, with a focus on the roles of hormonal imbalances, genetic factors, and molecular mechanisms in the progression of these conditions. While it remains controversial whether gynecomastia is a precancerous lesion for male breast cancer, this review summarizes the roles of estrogen and androgen receptors, the regulation of aromatase expression, and mutations in key genes such as BRCA1/2. These insights point to possible pathways by which gynecomastia could transition into male breast cancer. Additionally, hormones such as prolactin, insulin-like growth factor-1, and leptin may play significant roles in this progression. We provide an overview of the current understanding and identify key areas for further research, emphasizing the need for large-scale prospective studies to determine the causal relationship between gynecomastia and male breast cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 104651"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143221209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-generation sequencing for PTEN testing in HR+/HER2˗ metastatic breast cancer","authors":"Nicola Fusco,&nbsp;Umberto Malapelle","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2025.104626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2025.104626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molecular alterations in the Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway are key drivers of tumorigenesis and progression in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative (HR+/HER2 −) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). These genomic changes are actionable through targeted therapeutic agents. In particular, access to these therapies depends on accurate molecular testing of <em>PIK3CA</em>, <em>AKT1</em>, and <em>PTEN</em>. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has emerged as a transformative diagnostic tool, offering a comprehensive analysis of PI3K pathway alterations while concurrently evaluating other actionable markers, such as <em>ESR1</em> and <em>BRCA</em>. Acknowledging its clinical importance, the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) recommends NGS of tumor or plasma samples as the standard of care for patients with HR+ /HER2 − MBC. Although resource-intensive, NGS represents a significant advancement in MBC diagnostics, ensuring that therapeutic decisions are informed by a detailed and multidimensional molecular profile. This review highlights the capabilities of NGS for PI3K pathway testing in HR+ /HER2 − MBC, with a particular focus on the spectrum of <em>PTEN</em> alterations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 104626"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143257659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review and meta-analysis of CTC isolation methods in breast cancer","authors":"Alexey S. Rzhevskiy ,&nbsp;Guzel R. Sagitova ,&nbsp;Tamilla A. Karashaeva ,&nbsp;Andrey O. Morozov ,&nbsp;Anastasia S. Fatyanova ,&nbsp;Vlada V. Kazantseva ,&nbsp;Simon A. Joosse ,&nbsp;Andrei V. Zvyagin ,&nbsp;Majid Ebrahimi Warkini","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as diagnostic and prognostic markers in oncology is gaining increasing importance in clinical practice. Currently, various methods exist for detecting CTCs in patients' biological fluids. This systematic review aimed to compare the efficacy of different techniques for isolating and detecting CTCs from blood, against the FDA-cleared CellSearch® technology, in breast cancer patients. We performed a systematic literature search using two databases (PubMed and the Cochrane Library) with the following terms: (\"Circulating tumor cells\" OR CTC) AND \"breast cancer\", covering the period from 2004 to April 2023. The primary outcome measured was the sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of various CTC enrichment methods in comparison with the CellSearch® System. Secondary outcomes included the prognostic value of CTCs in evaluating response to treatment based on survival rates. Generally, a high level of agreement between CellSearch and other methods was observed in isolating CTCs from patients' blood with both metastatic and early-stage disease. Studies asserting the superiority of new methods over CellSearch frequently used clinically unvalidated cut-off thresholds for their patient cohorts. Additionally, these studies sometimes included different nonoverlapping patient cohorts and lacked a standardized chemotherapy treatment protocol, which could affect the quantitative changes in CTC. It is evident that methods simultaneously composed of physical and immunomagnetic approaches for CTC isolation significantly surpass CellSearch, which relies solely on the expression of specific markers on the CTCs’ surface. The count of CTCs has been established as a predictive marker in terms of clinically important parameters namely progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The CTC-count value was significantly correlated with PFS and OS rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 104579"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key considerations for a prostate cancer mRNA vaccine","authors":"Guanjie Lin ,&nbsp;Ahmed Elkashif ,&nbsp;Chayanika Saha ,&nbsp;Jonathan A. Coulter ,&nbsp;Nicholas J. Dunne ,&nbsp;Helen O. McCarthy","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2025.104643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2025.104643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prostate cancer has the second highest cancer mortality rate in the UK in males. Early prostate cancer is typically asymptomatic, with diagnosis at a locally advanced or metastatic stage. In addition, the inherent heterogeneity of prostate cancer tumours differs significantly in terms of genetic, molecular, and histological features. The successful treatment of prostate cancer is therefore exceedingly challenging. Immunotherapies, particularly therapeutic vaccines, have been widely used in preclinical and clinical studies to treat various cancers. Sipuleucel-T was the first cancer vaccine approved by the FDA for the treatment of asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), ushering in a new era of immunotherapy. In this review, the latest immunotherapy strategies for prostate cancer are considered with key tumour-associated antigens (TAA) and tumour-specific antigens (TSA) highlighted. The key components of mRNA vaccines include <em>in vitro</em> transcription, stability, and immunogenicity. Finally, strategies to circumvent <em>in vivo</em> mRNA degradation and approaches to optimise <em>in vitro</em> transcription (IVT) process are also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 104643"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovations in cancer immunotherapy: A comprehensive overview of recent breakthroughs and future directions","authors":"Chou-Yi Hsu ,&nbsp;Harikumar Pallathadka ,&nbsp;Saade Abdalkareem Jasim ,&nbsp;Jasur Rizaev ,&nbsp;Dmitry Olegovich Bokov ,&nbsp;Ahmed Hjazi ,&nbsp;Shriya Mahajan ,&nbsp;Yasser Fakri Mustafa ,&nbsp;Beneen Husseen ,&nbsp;Mohammed Abed Jawad","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A major advance in cancer treatment has been the development and refinement of cancer immunotherapy. The discovery of immunotherapies for a wide range of cancers has revolutionized cancer treatment paradigms. Despite relapse or refractory disease, immunotherapy approaches can prolong the life expectancy of metastatic cancer patients. Multiple therapeutic approaches and agents are currently being developed to manipulate various aspects of the immune system. Oncolytic viruses, cancer vaccines, adoptive cell therapies, monoclonal antibodies, cytokine therapies, and inhibitors of immune checkpoints have all proven successful in clinical trials. There are several types of immunotherapeutic approaches available for treating cancer, and others are being tested in preclinical and clinical settings. Immunotherapy has proven successful, and many agents and strategies have been developed to improve its effectiveness. The purpose of this article is to present a comprehensive overview of current immunotherapy approaches used to treat cancer. Cancer immunotherapy advancements, emerging patterns, constraints, and potential future breakthroughs are also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 104588"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating management of localized prostate cancer in the geriatric population","authors":"Kamil Malshy ,&nbsp;Borivoj Golijanin ,&nbsp;Sari Khaleel ,&nbsp;Katherine Danaher ,&nbsp;Jilienne Widener ,&nbsp;Stephen Schmit ,&nbsp;Galina Lagos ,&nbsp;Benedito Carneiro ,&nbsp;Ali Amin ,&nbsp;Liang Cheng ,&nbsp;Gyan Pareek ,&nbsp;Anthony Mega ,&nbsp;Dragan Golijanin ,&nbsp;Elias Hyams","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prostate cancer (PCa) is highly prevalent among aging men and a significant contributor to global mortality. Balancing early detection and treatment of “clinically significant” disease with avoiding over-detection and overtreatment of slow-growing tumors is challenging, especially for elderly patients with competing health risks and potentially aggressive disease phenotypes. This review emphasizes the importance of individualized approaches for diagnosing and treating PCa in geriatric patients. Active surveillance and watchful waiting are common strategies, while surgical interventions are less frequent but considered based on comorbidities, disease risk, and patient preferences. Radiotherapy, often combined with androgen deprivation therapy, is typical for higher-risk cases, and focal therapy is emerging to reduce morbidity. An inclusive approach combining advanced diagnostics, life expectancy considerations, and minimally invasive interventions can improve decision-making. Integrating multidisciplinary strategies with better risk stratification and less invasive options can significantly enhance care and outcomes for elderly patients with significant PCa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 104600"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging therapeutic frontiers in prostate health: Novel molecular targets and classical pathways in comparison with BPH and prostate cancer","authors":"Muhammad Sajjad Hassan ,&nbsp;Hafiz Muhammad Irfan ,&nbsp;Alamgeer ,&nbsp;Muavia Sarwar ,&nbsp;Zeeshan Jabbar ,&nbsp;Shoaib Nawaz","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current therapeutic strategies for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer focus mainly on androgen receptors (AR) and 5-alpha reductase inhibition to suppress androgen-driven prostate growth. However, these methods often result in side effects and resistance. Recent research identifies novel targets like integrin and cadherin inhibitors, gene regulation, microRNAs, cellular senescence, and metabolomics pathways to overcome these limitations. These innovations offer more personalized approaches with potentially fewer adverse effects and reduced resistance compared to traditional androgen-focused therapies. Novel target sites and pathways, either suppressed or overexpressed, offer control points for modulating signaling in prostate diseases, suggesting future potential for treatment through innovative exogenous substances. Data was compiled from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Google to highlight the comparative potential of these emerging methods in enhancing treatment efficacy for prostate health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 104590"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142796674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting clonal mutations with synthetic microbes","authors":"Michael Renteln","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently concluded, large-scale cancer genomics studies involving multiregion sequencing of primary tumors and paired metastases appear to indicate that many or most cancer patients have one or more “clonal\" mutations in their tumors. Clonal mutations are those that are present in all of a patient’s cancer cells. Clonally mutated proteins can potentially be targeted by inhibitors or E3 ligase small molecule glues, but developing new small molecule drugs for each patient is not feasible currently. Certain companies are using immunotherapies to target clonal mutations. I have devised another approach for exploiting clonal mutations, which I call “Oncolytic Vector Efficient Replication Contingent on Omnipresent Mutation Engagement” (OVERCOME). The ideal version of OVERCOME would likely employ a bioengineered facultative intracellular bacterium. The bacterium would initially be attenuated, but (transiently) reverse its attenuation upon clonal mutation detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 104572"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating chemotherapy and immunotherapy in early-stage lung cancer. A critical review and statements from INTERACTION group","authors":"Chiara Catania ,&nbsp;Claudia Proto ,&nbsp;Chiara Bennati ,&nbsp;Salvatore Grisanti ,&nbsp;Ida Colantonio ,&nbsp;Francesco Petrella ,&nbsp;Andrea Riccardo Filippi ,&nbsp;Carlo Genova ,&nbsp;Gaia Piperno ,&nbsp;Nazario Teodorani ,&nbsp;Carlo Greco ,&nbsp;Claudia Sangalli ,&nbsp;Vieri Scotti ,&nbsp;Francesco Agustoni ,&nbsp;Emanuela Olmetto ,&nbsp;Marco Russano ,&nbsp;Vincenzo Agbaje ,&nbsp;Angelo Platania ,&nbsp;Marzia Di Pietro Paolo ,&nbsp;Paolo Borghetti ,&nbsp;Alessandro Russo","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2025.104633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2025.104633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>During the recent INTERACTION group congress held on February 16–17, 2024, in Milan, Italy, many aspects of early-stage lung cancer treatment were explored. This review delves into perioperative treatment, a rapidly evolving field with an expanding therapeutic arsenal that includes chemotherapy, target therapy, and immunotherapy. The challenge remains in tailoring treatment strategies to individual patients, identifying patients best suited for surgery versus those necessitating trimodal treatment, particularly in distinguishing surgical candidates from those requiring multimodal approaches and not suitable for surgical approach.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>We conducted a literature review of phase III trials on immunotherapy and target therapy in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), searching in MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS, adding the latest data from the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2023 and 2024, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 2024, and the World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) 2024 conferences. A guidance on unresolved and controversial issues from the panel has been reported, also highlighting the remaining limitations that warrant further investigation and refinement in this field.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most recent data on early-stage NSCLC have been critically reviewed. The panel emphasized the importance of distinguishing, from the outset in a multidisciplinary setting, patients who are suitable for surgical treatment from those who are not. In this context, the importance of accurate staging at the time of diagnosis was highlighted. A paradigm shifts regarding the timing of molecular NGS DNA and RNA testing is strongly recommended.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Decisions regarding perioperative treatment in early-stage lung cancer demand early consideration, involving a multidisciplinary team and require an upfront NGS analysis. Such an approach ensures personalized care aligned with each patient's unique characteristics, optimizing treatment efficacy and overall well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 104633"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing tumor metabolism during cancer treatment: A narrative review of emerging dietary approaches","authors":"Nicola Silvestris ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Aprile ,&nbsp;Dalila Tessitore ,&nbsp;Giulia Mentrasti ,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Petrella ,&nbsp;Desirèe Speranza ,&nbsp;Amanda Casirati ,&nbsp;Riccardo Caccialanza ,&nbsp;Saverio Cinieri ,&nbsp;Paolo Pedrazzoli ,&nbsp;on behalf of the Italian Intersociety Working Group for Nutritional Support in Cancer Patients","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer is currently one of the biggest public health challenges worldwide, ranking as the second leading cause of death globally. To date, strong epidemiological associations have been demonstrated between unhealthy lifestyles and eating habits, i.e. obesity, and an increased risk of developing cancer. However, there is limited evidence regarding the impact of specific dietary regimes on cancer outcomes during conventional cancer treatments. This paper systematically reviews and evaluates preclinical and clinical evidence regarding the effects of fasting, fast-mimicking diet, ketogenic diet, vegan diet, alkaline diet, paleolithic diet, the Gerson regimen, and macrobiotic diet in the context of cancer treatments. Clinical trials on dietary regimes as complementary cancer therapy are limited by significant differences in trial design, patient characteristics, and cancer type, making it difficult to draw conclusions. In the future, more uniformly controlled clinical trials should help to better define the role of diets in cancer management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 104571"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142712202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}