Journal of High Temperature Society最新文献

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Visualization Measurement of Water in Anode of PEFC under Low Humidity Operation using Water Sensitive Paper 用水敏纸可视化测量PEFC低湿运行阳极水分
Journal of High Temperature Society Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.7791/JHTS.35.269
Kosuke Nishida, Y. Yokoi, S. Tsushima, S. Hirai
{"title":"Visualization Measurement of Water in Anode of PEFC under Low Humidity Operation using Water Sensitive Paper","authors":"Kosuke Nishida, Y. Yokoi, S. Tsushima, S. Hirai","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.35.269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.35.269","url":null,"abstract":"次世代の自動車用動力源として実用化、普及が期待され ている固体高分子形燃料電池(Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell, PEFC)は、システムの簡略化、低コスト化、高出力化の 観点から、外部加湿器を必要としない高温低加湿運転対応 のセル・スタックの開発が強く求められている。しかしな がら、低加湿運転時においては、特にアノード側の水分 濃度が低下することによって、高分子電解質膜(Polymer Electrolyte Membrane, PEM)が乾燥し、イオン伝導性が著 しく悪化する「ドライアウト現象」が生じる。このドライ アウト現象による PEFCセルの発電性能の低下を防ぐため には、アノード側における適切な水分管理が重要であり、 そのためのセル内水分輸送現象の基本的理解は必要不可欠 となる。 PEFC内の水分輸送を明らかにするための実験・計測 については、近年、中性子ラジオグラフィー や、X線 CT 、光学的手法 により、発電モードの PEFCセル のガス拡散層(Gas Diffusion Layer, GDL)や流路内部にお ける凝縮水の生成、排出過程を直接可視化する試みが多く 行われている。また、MRIを用いて PEM内の水分布を insituで計測する研究もなされている 。さらに、ガスクロ マトグラフを用いて、アノード、カソード両極での水蒸気 濃度分布を測定した事例も幾つかあり 、アノード流路 内における水蒸気濃度分布は、PEM内の電気浸透による水 輸送や、濃度勾配による逆拡散と密接な相関関係を有して いることがこれまでに報告されている。文献 20-22)によれ ば、アノード入口の供給ガスを無加湿とした場合、カソー ドからアノード側への生成水の逆拡散によって、アノード 流路内の水蒸気濃度は流れ方向に沿って単調に上昇してい くことが知られている。一方、カソード入口の供給ガスを 無加湿とし、アノード入口のガスのみを加湿した場合、ア ノード流路内における流れ方向の水蒸気濃度分布は、最初、 電気浸透現象やカソード側への拡散によって一旦減少する ものの、下限値を越えた後はカソード側からの逆拡散によ 感水試験紙を用いた低加湿運転 PEFCのアノード側水分状態の可視化計測","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131073843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of Particles Dispersion Type Sprayed Coatings with Water-Repellency and Photo-Catalytic Activity 具有防水性和光催化活性的颗粒分散型喷涂涂料的研制
Journal of High Temperature Society Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.7791/JHTS.32.343
M. Futamata, H. Itoh, K. Nakanishi, N. Kuramoto, Y. Kamoshita, A. Shindoh, Michio Saitoh, Mitsuaki Yamada
{"title":"Development of Particles Dispersion Type Sprayed Coatings with Water-Repellency and Photo-Catalytic Activity","authors":"M. Futamata, H. Itoh, K. Nakanishi, N. Kuramoto, Y. Kamoshita, A. Shindoh, Michio Saitoh, Mitsuaki Yamada","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.32.343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.32.343","url":null,"abstract":"The sprayed coating containing fl uorine-carbon showed high water repellency (the contact angle for water droplet was 145°). However, the water repellency of the sprayed coating decreased with adsorption of organic materials, NOx, and SOx, which discharged from the automobile. To remove the adsorption compounds from the coating surface, we decide to add titanium oxide (TiO2) in the coating, which could be able to oxidize the surface adsorption compounds photo-catalytically. It was found that the particles dispersion type sprayed coatings prepared by fl ame spray technique using aluminum tubing fi lling with fl uorine-carbon (15.2mass%) and titanium oxide (0.5mass%) had high photo-catalytic activity for liquid phase decomposition of methylene blue without decreasing waterrepellency.","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133156202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of Compound Wire Spraying Method and Ceramic Grain Dispersion Type Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) Coating 复合线材喷涂方法及陶瓷颗粒分散型金属基复合材料涂层的研究
Journal of High Temperature Society Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.7791/JHTS.37.240
N. Kuramoto, Y. Kamoshita, A. Shindo, H. Otomo, Shuji Sugano, M. Futamata
{"title":"Development of Compound Wire Spraying Method and Ceramic Grain Dispersion Type Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) Coating","authors":"N. Kuramoto, Y. Kamoshita, A. Shindo, H. Otomo, Shuji Sugano, M. Futamata","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.37.240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.37.240","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127657715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
粉体プロセスによるカーボンナノチューブ分散金属基焼結材料の特性;粉体プロセスによるカーボンナノチューブ分散金属基焼結材料の特性;Characteristics of Powder Metallurgy Sintered Metal Matrix Composite Reinforced with Carbon Nanotubes 通过粉体工艺的碳纳米管分散金属基烧结材料的特性;通过粉体工艺的碳纳米管分散金属基烧结材料的特性;Characteristics of Powder Metallurgy Sintered Metal Matrix Composite Reinforced with Carbonnanotubes
Journal of High Temperature Society Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.7791/JHTS.36.110
K. Kondoh, Bunshi Fugetsu
{"title":"粉体プロセスによるカーボンナノチューブ分散金属基焼結材料の特性;粉体プロセスによるカーボンナノチューブ分散金属基焼結材料の特性;Characteristics of Powder Metallurgy Sintered Metal Matrix Composite Reinforced with Carbon Nanotubes","authors":"K. Kondoh, Bunshi Fugetsu","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.36.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.36.110","url":null,"abstract":"ナノスケールの新素材の代表ともいえるカーボンナノ チューブ(CNT)は、1970年代にその存在が確認され 、 その後、透過型電子顕微鏡による構造解析を中心にその物 性評価も含めた研究が盛んに行われた 。その結果、既存 の炭素系物質の特性を超越した優れた熱・電気および力学 特性 を有する CNTは日本発の新素材であるため、国内 でも製造方法に関する研究開発に加え、その特性・機能の 利用に関して幅広い分野での研究も盛んに進められてい る 。ゆえに、CNTの実用化への期待は高く、既存素材と して樹脂への分散強化 の他、金属材料との複合化による 新たな機能材料・構造部材の創製が期待されている。例 えば、銅の熱伝導率(390 W/m/K)を遥かに越える性能 を有する CNT-Cu複合材料や、アルミ合金並みのヤング率 (69 GPa~)を有する低比重 CNT-Mg合金など、既存材料 の基礎物性を飛躍的に向上させる可能性を秘めている。複 合材料の創製において CNTの分散方法も多岐に渡って検 討されており、溶解・鋳造合金における CNTの複合化も 検討されているものの、多くの研究においては金属粉体を 出発原料とする粉末冶金製法が基本となっている 。こ れはナノスケールの超微粒子である CNTを分散する際、 金属との比重差に起因した浮力によるインゴット内部での CNTの偏析を解消する狙いがある。なかでも比較的簡便な 分散方法として、回転ボールミルや遊星ミルなど混合・粉 砕法の利用による金属粉末への CNTの均一分散化 を図 るといった目的もある。しかしながら、長時間に渡る機械 的混合・粉砕加工に伴う CNTの損傷や不純物の混入に加え、 本来の CNTの凝集体形成の要因である最表面炭素原子間 の van der Waals引力によって混合処理後に再凝集現象を誘 発する。その結果、CNTの優れた機能・特性を金属素形材 に転写する以前に、その凝集部形成による材料欠陥を伴う。 したがって、複合化プロセスによって CNTの持つ本来の特 性を付与するには、凝集体を解消して CNTを 1本ずつ独立 (孤立単分散)した状態で金属粉末と混合する必要がある。 そこで、本報ではマグネシウムおよびチタンの各粉末を対 象に、粉体冶金法を基調とした新たな CNTとの複合化プロ セスによる金属材料の高強度化に関して紹介する。その際、 ここでいう「真」の機能発現のための必要条件である CNT の孤立単分散法に触れつつ、それを金属材料に展開する際 の課題と方策の一例について解説する。","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127245315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Visualization of Fuel Vapor in Inter-Droplet Space by Excited-Molecular Fluorescence 燃料蒸气在液滴间空间的激发分子荧光可视化
Journal of High Temperature Society Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.7791/JHTS.30.213
Y. Tanaka, F. Akamatsu, Seung-Mo Kim, M. Katsuki, T. Majima
{"title":"Visualization of Fuel Vapor in Inter-Droplet Space by Excited-Molecular Fluorescence","authors":"Y. Tanaka, F. Akamatsu, Seung-Mo Kim, M. Katsuki, T. Majima","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.30.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.30.213","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"5 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124159232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of W/O Emulsion Fuel Properties on Spray Combustion W/O乳化燃料性能对喷雾燃烧的影响
Journal of High Temperature Society Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.7791/JHTS.31.57
T. Ida, M. Fuchihata, S. Takeda
{"title":"Effect of W/O Emulsion Fuel Properties on Spray Combustion","authors":"T. Ida, M. Fuchihata, S. Takeda","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.31.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.31.57","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115000239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Creation of Nanobio Materials Using Electrolyte Plasmas in the Atmosphere 利用电解等离子体在大气中制造纳米生物材料
Journal of High Temperature Society Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.7791/JHTS.36.162
T. Kaneko, Yongfeng Li, R. Hatakeyama
{"title":"Creation of Nanobio Materials Using Electrolyte Plasmas in the Atmosphere","authors":"T. Kaneko, Yongfeng Li, R. Hatakeyama","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.36.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.36.162","url":null,"abstract":"有機分子一つ一つに電子素子の役割を持たせようとする 「分子エレクトロニクスデバイス」が、現在注目を集めてお り、その構成要素として、DNAに代表される生体分子とフ ラーレンやカーボンナノチューブ等のナノカーボンを会合 させた新規ナノバイオ物質が有力な候補の一つとなってい る。DNAは 4種類の塩基分子から構成され、それぞれが固 有の電子状態を持っているため、塩基配列によって様々な バンドギャップを持つ半導体になり得ることや 1), 、DNA をテンプレート(鋳型)として用いて金属微粒子を特定の 位置に配置することで、ナノ細線や量子ドット等の量子効 果を利用した新規デバイスも期待できることから、ユニー クな 1次元系新機能性材料として盛んに研究が行われてい る 。 一方、DNAの直径と同程度の内直径を持ち、炭素原子 のみからなる 1次元系物質のカーボンナノチューブ (CNT) も、その特異な機械的、電気的、光学的特性から、超高速、 超低消費電力素子等への応用が期待されており、さらに DNAと相互作用させることにより、CNTを介して DNAの 電子状態の変化を観測する高感度のバイオセンサとしての 応 用 や DNAを量子ドットとして動作させる量子効果デ バイスへの応用 等も模索されている。しかしながら、こ れらの DNAは全て大気中に曝されており、構造的な脆弱 性を有する DNAは、外界からの影響で容易に欠陥、湾曲、 交錯などが起こり、これらの構造変化により電気的特性が 大きく変化するなど、デバイス化には多くの課題が残され ていた。 そこで本研究では、「プラズマ理工学的手法」を用いて DNAを CNTの内部空間に包み込むことで、CNTの機械的 強度、化学的安定性により DNAの構造的な脆弱性を克服 でき、初めて安定な「分子エレクトロニクスデバイス」が 可能になると考え、新機能性材料として高いポテンシャル を有する DNA内包 CNT等の新規ナノバイオ物質の創製を 目指している。","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121931310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Operation Characteristics in a Fluidized Bed Gasifier with Triple-beds and Dual Circulation 三层双循环流化床气化炉的运行特性
Journal of High Temperature Society Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.7791/JHTS.37.87
T. Murakami, Minoru Asai, Yoshizo Suzuki
{"title":"Operation Characteristics in a Fluidized Bed Gasifier with Triple-beds and Dual Circulation","authors":"T. Murakami, Minoru Asai, Yoshizo Suzuki","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.37.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.37.87","url":null,"abstract":"A new type of circulating fluidized bed gasifier was proposed. The main features of this proposed gasifier are the adoption of a triple-beds structure (comprising pyrolyzer, gasifier, and combustor), the separation of a circulation path for tar-absorbing material and that for the fuel and silica sand. Independent circulation systems are employed for the fuel system and for the tar-absorbing particles, and the pyrolyzer and gasifier each have a two-stage fluidized bed: the lower stage is for the fuel system and the upper stage is for the tar-absorbing system. The two circulation systems each have an independent combustor. This new gasifier is called “a fluidized bed gasifier with triple-beds and dual circulation”. The objectives of this work are to clarify the operation characteristics by using a laboratory-scale cold model. As a result, the stable circulation of the particle in upper and lower stages was able to be verified. Additionally, a wide range of the particle circulation rate, which contains the target value, was obtained. The particle circulation rate can be arranged by pressure drop of riser.","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117089837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Heat-Treatment on Metallic Collection for Used Printed Circuit Board 热处理对废旧印刷电路板金属回收的影响
Journal of High Temperature Society Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.7791/JHTS.30.62
R. Agawa, Y. Tsugita, M. Nishida, T. Araki
{"title":"Effect of Heat-Treatment on Metallic Collection for Used Printed Circuit Board","authors":"R. Agawa, Y. Tsugita, M. Nishida, T. Araki","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.30.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.30.62","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129530361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Morphological Evaluation of Plasma Sprayed Ceramic Coatings using Cavitation Erosion Test 用空化腐蚀试验评价等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层的形态
Journal of High Temperature Society Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.7791/JHTS.37.298
S. Uematsu, K. Tani, S. Sugasawa, Y. Kawanami, Y. Namba, Tsuyoshi Takabatake, M. Yoshioka, Y. Ishihara
{"title":"Morphological Evaluation of Plasma Sprayed Ceramic Coatings using Cavitation Erosion Test","authors":"S. Uematsu, K. Tani, S. Sugasawa, Y. Kawanami, Y. Namba, Tsuyoshi Takabatake, M. Yoshioka, Y. Ishihara","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.37.298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.37.298","url":null,"abstract":"The microstructure of plasma sprayed ceramic coatings is characterized by the existence of splats along with other morphological features such as interlamellar and globular pores, intrasplat microcracks and splat boundaries. These various process-dependant microdefects extremely influence physical and mechanical properties such as thermal conductivity and elastic modulus and then influence coating behavior. In this approach, the process involved in the cavitation erosion of plasma sprayed ceramic coatings have been studied using the ultrasonic vibratory technique. The weight loss occurring during fifteen minute intervals of exposure to cavitational erosion was determined, the surface of specimens and the wear debris were examined by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) . The results suggest that the improvement in coating performance could be achieved by controlling the effective contact between lamellae of which the coating is made up using the plasma spray conditions, such as sufficient preheat, short standoff distance and slow gun traversing movement.","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129755993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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