Drug Metabolism ReviewsPub Date : 2021-08-01Epub Date: 2021-04-27DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2021.1917599
Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira
{"title":"Pharmacokinetics, toxicological and clinical aspects of ulipristal acetate: insights into the mechanisms implicated in the hepatic toxicity.","authors":"Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira","doi":"10.1080/03602532.2021.1917599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602532.2021.1917599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ulipristal acetate is a drug used as emergency contraceptive (30 mg) and for the treatment of moderate to severe symptoms of uterine myomas (5 mg). After commercialization, and although the exact number is unknown, serious cases implying ulipristal acetate 5 mg as a contributing factor of liver injury, some leading to transplantation, were reported. These cases prompted to a restrict use of the drug in January 2021 by the European Medicines Agency. This work aimed to fully review pharmacokinetic aspects, namely focusing in the ulipristal acetate metabolism and other hypothetical toxicological underlying mechanisms that may predispose to drug-induced liver injury (DILI). The high lipophilicity, the extensive hepatic metabolism, the long half-life of the drug and of its major active metabolite, the long-term course of treatment, and possibility due to the formation of epoxide reactive may be contributing factors. Scientific results also points evidence to consider monitorization of liver function during ulipristal acetate treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11307,"journal":{"name":"Drug Metabolism Reviews","volume":"53 3","pages":"375-383"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03602532.2021.1917599","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38913390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drug Metabolism ReviewsPub Date : 2021-08-01Epub Date: 2021-06-24DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2021.1916028
S Cyrus Khojasteh, Upendra A Argikar, James P Driscoll, Carley J S Heck, Lloyd King, Klarissa D Jackson, Wenying Jian, Amit S Kalgutkar, Grover P Miller, Valerie Kramlinger, Ivonne M C M Rietjens, Aaron M Teitelbaum, Kai Wang, Cong Wei
{"title":"Novel advances in biotransformation and bioactivation research - 2020 year in review.","authors":"S Cyrus Khojasteh, Upendra A Argikar, James P Driscoll, Carley J S Heck, Lloyd King, Klarissa D Jackson, Wenying Jian, Amit S Kalgutkar, Grover P Miller, Valerie Kramlinger, Ivonne M C M Rietjens, Aaron M Teitelbaum, Kai Wang, Cong Wei","doi":"10.1080/03602532.2021.1916028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602532.2021.1916028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This annual review is the sixth of its kind since 2016 (see references). Our objective is to explore and share articles which we deem influential and significant in the field of biotransformation and bioactivation. These fields are constantly evolving with new molecular structures and discoveries of corresponding pathways for metabolism that impact relevant drug development with respect to efficacy and safety. Based on the selected articles, we created three sections: (1) drug design, (2) metabolites and drug metabolizing enzymes, and (3) bioactivation and safety (Table 1). Unlike in years past, more biotransformation experts have joined and contributed to this effort while striving to maintain a balance of authors from academic and industry settings.[Table: see text].</p>","PeriodicalId":11307,"journal":{"name":"Drug Metabolism Reviews","volume":"53 3","pages":"384-433"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03602532.2021.1916028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38917679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drug Metabolism ReviewsPub Date : 2021-05-01Epub Date: 2021-05-17DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2021.1909613
Laura E Russell, Yitian Zhou, Ahmed A Almousa, Jasleen K Sodhi, Chukwunonso K Nwabufo, Volker M Lauschke
{"title":"Pharmacogenomics in the era of next generation sequencing - from byte to bedside.","authors":"Laura E Russell, Yitian Zhou, Ahmed A Almousa, Jasleen K Sodhi, Chukwunonso K Nwabufo, Volker M Lauschke","doi":"10.1080/03602532.2021.1909613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602532.2021.1909613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pharmacogenetic research has resulted in the identification of a multitude of genetic variants that impact drug response or toxicity. These polymorphisms are mostly common and have been included as actionable information in the labels of numerous drugs. In addition to common variants, recent advances in Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies have resulted in the identification of a plethora of rare and population-specific pharmacogenetic variations with unclear functional consequences that are not accessible by conventional forward genetics strategies. In this review, we discuss how comprehensive sequencing information can be translated into personalized pharmacogenomic advice in the age of NGS. Specifically, we provide an update of the functional impacts of rare pharmacogenetic variability and how this information can be leveraged to improve pharmacogenetic guidance. Furthermore, we critically discuss the current status of implementation of pharmacogenetic testing across drug development and layers of care. We identify major gaps and provide perspectives on how these can be minimized to optimize the utilization of NGS data for personalized clinical decision-support.</p>","PeriodicalId":11307,"journal":{"name":"Drug Metabolism Reviews","volume":"53 2","pages":"253-278"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03602532.2021.1909613","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25562878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drug Metabolism ReviewsPub Date : 2021-05-01Epub Date: 2021-03-08DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2021.1894571
Volker M Lauschke
{"title":"Toxicogenomics of drug induced liver injury - from mechanistic understanding to early prediction.","authors":"Volker M Lauschke","doi":"10.1080/03602532.2021.1894571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602532.2021.1894571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite rigorous preclinical testing, clinical attrition rates in drug development remain high with drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remaining one of the most frequent causes of project failures. To understand DILI mechanisms, major efforts are put into the development of physiologically relevant cell models and culture paradigms with the aim to enhance preclinical to clinical result translation. While the majority of toxicogenomic studies have been based on cell lines, there are emerging trends toward the predominant use of stem cell-derived organoids and primary human hepatocytes in complex 3D cell models. Such studies have been successful in disentangling diverse toxicity mechanisms, including genotoxicity, mitochondrial injury, steatogenesis and cholestasis and can aid in distinguishing hepatotoxic from nontoxic structural analogs. Furthermore, by leveraging inter-individual differences of cells from different donors, these approaches can emulate the complexity of polygenic risk scores, which facilitates personalized drug-specific DILI risk analyses. In summary, toxicogenomic studies into drug-induced hepatotoxicity have majorly contributed to our mechanistic understanding of DILI and the incorporation of organotypic human 3D liver models into the preclinical testing arsenal promises to enhance biological insights during drug discovery, increase confidence in preclinical safety and minimize the translational gap.</p>","PeriodicalId":11307,"journal":{"name":"Drug Metabolism Reviews","volume":"53 2","pages":"245-252"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03602532.2021.1894571","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25459541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drug Metabolism ReviewsPub Date : 2021-05-01Epub Date: 2021-04-09DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2021.1910293
Mary A Schleiff, Jasleen K Sodhi
{"title":"International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics (ISSX) New Investigator Group Committee 2019-2020 concluding remarks.","authors":"Mary A Schleiff, Jasleen K Sodhi","doi":"10.1080/03602532.2021.1910293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602532.2021.1910293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics (ISSX) New Investigators Group has assembled a global team of emerging scientists to collaboratively compose a series of articles whose topics span the broad field of drug metabolism and will guide both new and established investigators alike. The New Investigator Group Committee members are proud to have provided such an opportunity to many promising early-career scientists from across the globe, and would like to acknowledge each contributor for their efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":11307,"journal":{"name":"Drug Metabolism Reviews","volume":"53 2","pages":"279-284"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03602532.2021.1910293","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25576776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drug Metabolism ReviewsPub Date : 2021-05-01Epub Date: 2021-05-17DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2021.1922436
Priyanka Kulkarni
{"title":"Prediction of drug-induced kidney injury in drug discovery.","authors":"Priyanka Kulkarni","doi":"10.1080/03602532.2021.1922436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602532.2021.1922436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug induced kidney injury is one of the leading causes of failure of drug development programs in the clinic. Early prediction of renal toxicity potential of drugs is crucial to the success of drug candidates in the clinic. The dynamic nature of the functioning of the kidney and the presence of drug uptake proteins introduce additional challenges in the prediction of renal injury caused by drugs. Renal injury due to drugs can be caused by a wide variety of mechanisms and can be broadly classified as toxic or obstructive. Several biomarkers are available for <i>in vitro</i> and in vivo detection of renal injury. <i>In vitro</i> static and dynamic (microfluidic) cellular models and preclinical models can provide valuable information regarding the toxicity potential of drugs. Differences in pharmacology and subsequent disconnect in biomarker response, differences in the expression of transporter and enzyme proteins between <i>in vitro</i> to in vivo systems and between preclinical species and humans are some of the limitations of current experimental models. The progress in microfluidic (kidney-on-chip) platforms in combination with the ability of 3-dimensional cell culture can help in addressing some of these issues in the future. Finally, newer in silico and computational techniques like physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and machine learning have demonstrated potential in assisting prediction of drug induced kidney injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":11307,"journal":{"name":"Drug Metabolism Reviews","volume":"53 2","pages":"234-244"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03602532.2021.1922436","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38992147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drug Metabolism ReviewsPub Date : 2021-05-01Epub Date: 2021-05-07DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2021.1909614
Chukwunonso K Nwabufo
{"title":"Introduction to the mini special issue on next generation drug discovery and development: rethinking translational pharmacology for accelerated drug development.","authors":"Chukwunonso K Nwabufo","doi":"10.1080/03602532.2021.1909614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602532.2021.1909614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic further revealed the barriers to accelerated discovery and development of transformative medicines for life threatening diseases. To effectively and efficiently respond to unmet medical needs, efforts should be directed towards revolutionizing the predictive capability of non-clinical surrogates that inform drug discovery and development programs. I developed this mini special issue amidst the COVID-19 pandemic to evaluate recent advancements and opportunities for four main subthemes that support drug discovery and development including prediction of metabolic pathways, translational pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies, pharmacogenomics, and trends in bioanalysis. Scientific papers in these areas were covered by investigators from the International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics New Investigator Group and other investigators. Advancement in the predictive capability of in silico, <i>in vitro</i>, and <i>in vivo</i> models used to determine the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity profile of investigational drugs can help offset the cost of unexpected safety and/or efficacy issues during clinical studies. Likewise, extensive application of pharmacogenomics in drug development and clinical care can help direct therapeutic benefits to the appropriate patient population with the overall goal of accelerating drug development and mitigating failed drug cost. Finally, I hope that the scientific contributions in this mini special issue will stimulate practical advancements across all aspects of basic science research that support drug discovery and development to help unlock the door to the next generation of drug discovery and development that features reduced failure rates and accelerated development.</p>","PeriodicalId":11307,"journal":{"name":"Drug Metabolism Reviews","volume":"53 2","pages":"171-172"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03602532.2021.1909614","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38960858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drug Metabolism ReviewsPub Date : 2021-05-01Epub Date: 2021-05-25DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2021.1923728
Nikhilesh V Dhuria, Bianka Haro, Amit Kapadia, Khadjia A Lobo, Bernice Matusow, Mary A Schleiff, Christina Tantoy, Jasleen K Sodhi
{"title":"Recent developments in predicting CYP-independent metabolism.","authors":"Nikhilesh V Dhuria, Bianka Haro, Amit Kapadia, Khadjia A Lobo, Bernice Matusow, Mary A Schleiff, Christina Tantoy, Jasleen K Sodhi","doi":"10.1080/03602532.2021.1923728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602532.2021.1923728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As lead optimization efforts have successfully reduced metabolic liabilities due to cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated metabolism, there has been an increase in the frequency of involvement of non-CYP enzymes in the metabolism of investigational compounds. Although there have been numerous notable advancements in the characterization of non-CYP enzymes with respect to their localization, reaction mechanisms, species differences and identification of typical substrates, accurate prediction of non-CYP-mediated clearance, with a particular emphasis with the difficulties in accounting for any extrahepatic contributions, remains a challenge. The current manuscript comprehensively summarizes the recent advancements in the prediction of drug metabolism and the <i>in vitro</i> to <i>in vitro</i> extrapolation of clearance for substrates of non-CYP drug metabolizing enzymes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11307,"journal":{"name":"Drug Metabolism Reviews","volume":"53 2","pages":"188-206"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03602532.2021.1923728","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38943956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drug Metabolism ReviewsPub Date : 2021-05-01Epub Date: 2021-05-25DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2021.1922435
Jaydeep Yadav, Mehdi El Hassani, Jasleen Sodhi, Volker M Lauschke, Jessica H Hartman, Laura E Russell
{"title":"Recent developments in <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models for improved translation of preclinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics data.","authors":"Jaydeep Yadav, Mehdi El Hassani, Jasleen Sodhi, Volker M Lauschke, Jessica H Hartman, Laura E Russell","doi":"10.1080/03602532.2021.1922435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602532.2021.1922435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Improved pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) prediction in the early stages of drug development is essential to inform lead optimization strategies and reduce attrition rates. Recently, there have been significant advancements in the development of new <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> strategies to better characterize pharmacokinetic properties and efficacy of drug leads. Herein, we review advances in experimental and mathematical models for clearance predictions, advancements in developing novel tools to capture slowly metabolized drugs, <i>in vivo</i> model developments to capture human etiology for supporting drug development, limitations and gaps in these efforts, and a perspective on the future in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":11307,"journal":{"name":"Drug Metabolism Reviews","volume":"53 2","pages":"207-233"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03602532.2021.1922435","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38993554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drug Metabolism ReviewsPub Date : 2021-05-01Epub Date: 2021-05-11DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2021.1910292
Mary Alexandra Schleiff, Deepika Dhaware, Jasleen K Sodhi
{"title":"Recent advances in computational metabolite structure predictions and altered metabolic pathways assessment to inform drug development processes.","authors":"Mary Alexandra Schleiff, Deepika Dhaware, Jasleen K Sodhi","doi":"10.1080/03602532.2021.1910292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602532.2021.1910292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many drug candidates fail during preclinical and clinical trials due to variable or unexpected metabolism which may lead to variability in drug efficacy or adverse drug reactions. The drug metabolism field aims to address this important issue from many angles which range from the study of drug-drug interactions, pharmacogenomics, computational metabolic modeling, and others. This manuscript aims to provide brief but comprehensive manuscript summaries highlighting the conclusions and scientific importance of seven exceptional manuscripts published in recent years within the field of drug metabolism. Two main topics within the field are reviewed: novel computational metabolic modeling approaches which provide complex outputs beyond site of metabolism predictions, and experimental approaches designed to discern the impacts of interindividual variability and species differences on drug metabolism. The computational approaches discussed provide novel outputs in metabolite structure and formation likelihood and/or extend beyond the saturated field of drug phase I metabolism, while the experimental metabolic pathways assessments aim to highlight the impacts of genetic polymorphisms and clinical animal model metabolic differences on human metabolism and subsequent health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11307,"journal":{"name":"Drug Metabolism Reviews","volume":"53 2","pages":"173-187"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03602532.2021.1910292","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25581116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}