{"title":"Experimental Proof of Concept Applying Digital Predistortion to Radio Frequency Power Amplifiers","authors":"Oscar Javier Montañez Sogamoso, E. A. Fernandez","doi":"10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486303","url":null,"abstract":"The non-linear behavior of amplifiers of power in wireless communications systems, introduces a lateral spectral growth that compromises efficiency in power and spectral. This article presents a numerical validation and experimental implementation of digital predistortion system to mitigate the adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) impact of power amplifier applications in the 0.9 GHz band with power gains of up to 14 dB. Applying the Saleh model from the curves of amplitude-modulation (AM) and phase-modulation (PM), and modelling the inverse transfer function in an implementation under GNU Radio environment, it was possible to provide a mitigation of the ACPR. The experimental result allows to make a proof-of-concept of digital predistortion showing a reduction in ACPR of 8 dB for a baseband wireless transmission system using N210 USRP modules and transmitting in base band using QPSK modulation format at 100 kS/s.","PeriodicalId":112859,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Colombian Conference on Communications and Computing (COLCOM)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115212408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Merisabel Ruelas Quenaya, Alejandro-Antonio Villa-Herrera, Samuel Felipe Chambi Ytusaca, Julio Enrique Yauri Ituccayasi, Yuber Velazco-Paredes, Roxana Flores-Quispe
{"title":"Image Encryption using an Image Pattern based on Advanced Encryption Standard","authors":"Merisabel Ruelas Quenaya, Alejandro-Antonio Villa-Herrera, Samuel Felipe Chambi Ytusaca, Julio Enrique Yauri Ituccayasi, Yuber Velazco-Paredes, Roxana Flores-Quispe","doi":"10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486298","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the global pandemic now more than ever, there is a need to send and receive reliable text or graphic information, whether for work, study, or any other activity. And this is where encryption plays an important role in improving data protection. On the other hand, the Advanced Encryption Algorithm (AES) is a symmetric block cypher that is worldwide implemented for the encryption of data generally. However, in the last years, due to its high degree of reliability and efficiency has been used in image encryption, but the AES's main drawback is that it uses a static key text, which compromises the security of AES, and the information may be exposed to different attacks. For that reason, this paper proposes to use an image as a key to increasing the AES security level whose results have been compared with the conventional AES using correlation coefficients and it has shown a significant improvement in terms of effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":112859,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Colombian Conference on Communications and Computing (COLCOM)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121441904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Postigo, Juan Soto-Begazo, Villarroel R. Fiorela, Gleddynuri M. Picha, Roxana Flores-Quispe, Yuber Velazco-Paredes
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of the main Graph Coloring Algorithms","authors":"J. Postigo, Juan Soto-Begazo, Villarroel R. Fiorela, Gleddynuri M. Picha, Roxana Flores-Quispe, Yuber Velazco-Paredes","doi":"10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486299","url":null,"abstract":"The graph coloring problem, GCP, beyond theoretical interest, it has significant practical importance due to the frequent real-life situations in which problems arise that can be modeled as a graph coloring problem. In this research, algorithms dedicated to solving the Graph Coloring Problem such as Greedy, Dsatur, RLF, AntCOL and TabuCol are described, making an objective comparison between them, reviewing parameters such as the computational time used by these, the memory of quantities and its performance as a function of the number of vertices and edges. The experimental results show that the most efficient algorithms in speed are the Greedy and dsatur. On the other hand, the tabucol and AntCol algorithms show a notable difference of inefficiency compared to large graphs, finding very good solutions, in addition, although the RLF algorithm is generally memory deficient, it presents solutions with high quality. Consequently, certain applications benefited by these algorithms are known.","PeriodicalId":112859,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Colombian Conference on Communications and Computing (COLCOM)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116652459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marco Terán, Juan Aranda, Jefferson Marin, Efraín Uchamocha, Germán Corzo-Ussa
{"title":"A methodology for signals intelligence using non-conventional techniques and software-defined radio","authors":"Marco Terán, Juan Aranda, Jefferson Marin, Efraín Uchamocha, Germán Corzo-Ussa","doi":"10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486297","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a methodology to conduct a performance evaluation of different spectral estimation techniques based on the probability of detection (Pd) by varying the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The spectral estimation methods are combined with an energy detector to detect radio signals transmitted in ultra-high frequency bands under higher noisy conditions. Traditionally, spectrum detection, a challenging task in signals intelligence, is performed in the frequency domain using the Fourier transform. However, other nonconventional techniques can be implemented, such as Burg, Yule-Walker, and Correlogram. As part of the methodology, a spectrum sensing system is implemented in GNU Radio, an open-source tool for software-defined radio applications. As a result of applying the proposed methodology, the spectrum sensing system based on the Correlogram can detect a simulated frequency modulated (FM) signal tuned to 462Mhz at even lower SNR. Under real FM signals, the system provided promising results.","PeriodicalId":112859,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Colombian Conference on Communications and Computing (COLCOM)","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115697309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Holistic vision of tools for transformation towards Industry 4.0","authors":"Juliana Zúñiga Osorio, Álvaro Pachón De La Cruz","doi":"10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486296","url":null,"abstract":"This paper identified in which way tools like maturity models, standards, reference architectures and frameworks support the transition towards Information Technology (IT) and Operational Technology (OT) integration and Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies adoption processes in any organization. The aim was to determine if there is a tool that integrates all the considerations and guidelines in such processes. It was a descriptive and reflexive study about these tools to understand how they can be used and how they complement each other to build a holistic roadmap towards I4.0 adoption and IT-OT integration. It was found that companies need support in both organizational and technical perspectives when facing a transformation in their manufacturing areas but there is no standardized framework that integrates the two perspectives to provide a complete roadmap. As conclusion it was stated that companies need a framework that intelligently integrates current tools and provides guidelines to properly complement them. This integration of tools must guide integration processes from both technical and organizational perspectives based on the specific needs and constraints of any company.","PeriodicalId":112859,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Colombian Conference on Communications and Computing (COLCOM)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122665548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mobile revolution: From 2G to 5G","authors":"Javier Sanchez","doi":"10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486300","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows, using a technical perspective, the evolution of mobile technologies, from the second generation (2G) to the fifth generation (5G). It is analyzed from the following angles: multiple access, duplex, spectrum, carrier aggregation, modulation, multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) antennas, access infrastructure, and from the point of view of the standardization of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) issued by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) and the Releases of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). Likewise, equations are formulated for the theoretical calculation of the speed offered by each technology.","PeriodicalId":112859,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Colombian Conference on Communications and Computing (COLCOM)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123927644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jorge Galvis Velandia, Karla Cecilia Puerto López, L. A. G. Ortiz
{"title":"Linear and Non-linear Effects in Fiber Optic Transmission","authors":"Jorge Galvis Velandia, Karla Cecilia Puerto López, L. A. G. Ortiz","doi":"10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486304","url":null,"abstract":"The following work presents the incidence of linear and non-linear phenomena in digital fiber optic communications through the implementation of a graphical user interface (GUI) designed in the Python multiparadigm programming environment, where the linear attenuation and dispersion phenomena are evaluated. modal considering the group velocity dispersion (GVD) and the third order dispersion (TOD), together with the non-linear phenomenon of phase self-modulation SPM. The methodology consists of selecting a single-mode fiber optic link under the G.652 standard and varying the operating conditions of the communication system based on a Mach-Zehnder (MZM) transmitter and a signal modulated by digital amplitude modulation OOK. The results show the dependence of the linear and non-linear effects in the transmission as a function of the temporal width of the input Gaussian pulse and the wavelength of the laser, when observing that the higher the wavelength the non-linear effects of the fiber affect communication, and that these effects can be mitigated by reducing the wavelength of the laser.","PeriodicalId":112859,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Colombian Conference on Communications and Computing (COLCOM)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121039510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cesar Hinojosa, José Julio Freire Cabrera, H. Mora, N. V. Garzón
{"title":"An Augmented Reality based E-Learning Tool for Engineering","authors":"Cesar Hinojosa, José Julio Freire Cabrera, H. Mora, N. V. Garzón","doi":"10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486294","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of quality virtual education has been shown recently. However, there are certain areas of knowledge for which it is difficult to replace face-to-face education with virtual education, mainly, when laboratories are required or equipment needs to be handled. Given this, augmented reality (AR) or virtual reality (VR) applications become important tools for virtual education. In this work, we propose an application based on AR that presents different elements or devices found in engineering laboratories. This application is developed using Unity and Vuforia software and can be installed on devices running Android operating system or HoloLens. As a case study, we have considered the virtualization of some elements found in telecommunications engineering laboratories. In addition, we have tested the developed application making some random people use it. Surveys were carried out to measure the application impact on learning. A link is also provided so that the application (.apk file) can be downloaded and installed. Thus, some examples may be observed by the reader employing his own Android device.","PeriodicalId":112859,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Colombian Conference on Communications and Computing (COLCOM)","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130794777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Solving the distribution and transportation of multi-depot vehicle routing problem based on Genetic Algorithms","authors":"Roxana Flores-Quispe, Yuber Velazco-Paredes","doi":"10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486301","url":null,"abstract":"In the last years the genetic algorithm (GA) has demonstrated great interest for many researchers to resolve analysis and optimization problems, this algorithm is inspired from the natural selection and uses the concept of survival of fittest, for that reason in this study the genetic algorithms is applied to optimize of the distribution and transportation of multidepots vehicles routing. This proposed system includes two stages. In the first stage an model of GA has been proposed to resolve the distribution problem and in the second stage other model of GA has been designed to find the optimal sequence of deliveries that must cover each company vehicle during its route. This method has been compared against Ant Colony Algorithm and shows a improvement in terms of effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":112859,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Colombian Conference on Communications and Computing (COLCOM)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114529606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Ye, Hang Yin, R. Belu, H. Mohamadian, Hua Cao, Yongmao Ye
{"title":"Discrete Wavelet Denoising via Kernel Based Nonlinear Component Analysis: Case Studies","authors":"Z. Ye, Hang Yin, R. Belu, H. Mohamadian, Hua Cao, Yongmao Ye","doi":"10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COLCOM52710.2021.9486302","url":null,"abstract":"All complex real world problems are essentially nonlinear. Linear models are relatively simple but inaccurate to describe the nonlinear aspects of dynamic system behaviors. Denoising techniques have been broadly applied to numerous applications in the spatial domain, frequency domain, and time domain. To increase the adaptability of denoising techniques to signal processing of arbitrary nonlinear systems, kernel based nonlinear component analysis is proposed to enhance wavelet denoising. In the multilevel wavelet decomposition, the low frequency approximations and high frequency details are produced at each level. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) will help to decompose low frequency approximations exclusively at the subsequent levels, while the wavelet packet transform decomposes both approximations and high frequency details at each level. DWT is selected for wavelet denoising in this study, where details at each level and the approximation at specified level are all subject to simplification using nonlinear component analysis. Case studies of typical nonlinear denoising problems in various domains are conducted. The results manifest strong feasibility and adaptability across diverse denoising problems of nonlinear systems.","PeriodicalId":112859,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Colombian Conference on Communications and Computing (COLCOM)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121664583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}