Athens Journal of Architecture最新文献

{"title":"Contemporary Chinese Architects and Type: Courtyard based Case Studies in Shanghai Area","authors":"I. Delsante, Congyun Zheng","doi":"10.30958/AJA.4-4-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/AJA.4-4-1","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of architectural type, even if stated since the 19th century, gained much attention in the theoretical debate since the 1960s, especially in Europe. The impact on architectural theory and design has been relevant as well, especially with reference to architects such as Aldo Rossi and Rafael Moneo, among many others. Given the debate unfolded over more than four decades, including various forms of criticism, the concept is nowadays used by very few architects in their practice. However, there is room for further investigation and for deeper understanding of current uses and interpretations of type in contemporary architectural theory and practice. The authors provide a framework of vernacular architecture and types in China and, by analyzing some courtyard-based case studies recently built in the area of Shanghai, identify architectural type as one of the potential design pathways for contemporary Chinese architects. By referring to type, for example, contemporary Chinese architects mediate modernity with tradition, and oppose cultural resistance to trivialization in urbanization processes. The paper builds on an extensive literature review on type in architecture, as well as on vernacular and contemporary Chinese architectures. Qualitative research methods have been used through case studies and interviews with designers.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131949349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping Inter and Transdisciplinary Relationships in Architecture: A First Approach to a Dictionary under Construction","authors":"C. Gonçalves, Maria João Moreira Soares","doi":"10.30958/AJA.4-4-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/AJA.4-4-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132221838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Shift of the Valuation and Management Model in Japanese Protected Townscapes from a Tourism Point of View to a Local Community and Environment Point of View: Case Studies of Uchiko (1978-82), Kurayoshi (1998) and Ine (2004-05)","authors":"J. Alvarez","doi":"10.30958/AJA.4-4-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/AJA.4-4-2","url":null,"abstract":"The Japanese government’s efforts to value and preserve traditional townscapes, which commenced in 1975, gave birth to the denken chiku (Japanese abbreviation for ‘Important Districts of Traditional Built Structures’) programme, whereby the Agency for Cultural Affairs established the valuation criteria for townscapes alongside a system of grants to ensure their survival. Before 1990, economic expansion had led to widespread economic changes that transformed both Japan’s space and its population. Rural areas were depopulated and their economies ruined. Tourism, which was a potential new source of income, especially in rural areas, was thus prioritised in townscape protection system criteria. Most of the urban and rural designated townscapes were viable for tourism (i.e., appealing to tourists) and easily accessible (e.g., by express train). However, by 1990, when the Japanese economic bubble burst, the tourism-centred model declined along with the economy. This triggered a shift in townscape valuation: local needs and growth were prioritised over tourism appeal, the local community came to be viewed as the main agent of conservation, and the preservation of the landscape was recast as an opportunity for territorial development. As local communities are easier to recognise in small, rural locales, most of the townscapes designated since 1990 have been rural and difficult to access. Management has also changed from a public worker-centred model to a local association-centred one. The three case studies examined in this paper describe the realities of three different historical stages of Japanese architectural preservation. Stage 1 (1976–1989), which developed along with the Japanese asset price bubble, saw the development of protection plans oriented to the tourism industry as a solution to the problem of rural decline. The elements considered valuable and in need of protection were those that made the protected town understandable and attractive to tourists: the external elements of buildings were prioritized over other spatial relations, such as that between the interior and exterior living spaces of the local population. Stage 2 (1990–2003) saw the failure of the tourism model, since even a massive tourism boom could never compensate for the decline of rural heritage sites. This was an opportunity for other towns, with little touristic interest but significant historic value, to enter the denken chiku system. The socio-spatial structures that ensured the survival of towns, such as old trade routes and infrastructure, were now considered valuable, as were the needs of the community. The beginning of stage 3 (2004) was marked by the 2004 Landscape Law. Each of these three stages has brought about different results that help us picture the current state of Japanese townscape heritage.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115189351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Urban Landscape in the Graphic Representations of the Cathedral of Palermo","authors":"S. Vattano","doi":"10.30958/aja.4-3-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.4-3-1","url":null,"abstract":"This study proposes some reflections on the relationship between the Cathedral of Palermo and the urban portion where it is placed, in relation to the indissoluble connection with the landscape that in the history offered a variety of perceptive suggestions marked by the passage and the coexistence of different cultural and social domination. To this end, the multiscale historical-urban planning analysis puts in place the role that territorial and urban morphology has had over time in relation to the Cathedral of Palermo. In this sense, the relationship between the architectural artefacts, such as the Royal Palace and the Town Hall, and the urban context is studied according to its access routes, from the Phoenician domination to the nineteenth century configuration, through the examination of graphic studies on the Arab-Norman city, on the first cartographies of 16th century, up to the representations of Gaetano Lossieux of 1818. The cartographic analysis and the elaboration of an orographic model provide images of the historical stratification of Palermo’s urban texture. The objective is to highlight how the perception of the building changed together with the landscape and urban modifications through the integration of the 3d model of the Cathedral within the urban digital model.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"213 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115454458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Drawn Landscape in 3D Databases: The Management of Complexity and Representation in the Historical City","authors":"S. Parrinello, F. Picchio, R. D. Marco, P. Becherini","doi":"10.30958/AJA.4-3-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/AJA.4-3-2","url":null,"abstract":"The complex structure of landscape has motivated recent research into representative systems capable of expressing the complex relationships present within an urban place. Updating the ways of its reading, research has attempted to identify more or less complex urban scenarios, profoundly different from each other both from a formal, cultural and perceptive point of view. The contribution presents examples of methods of analysis, digital acquisition and processing of documentation systems of these landscapes, in order to analyse not only formal differences, but also to structure a documentation and representation methodology for problems of management and planning of the city and territory. The virtual space configures itself through a systematic and structured drawing, demonstrating how interactive reality-based digital models can constitute valid systems of representation of the real landscape. The virtual space maintains relationships and exchanges data with its user, simulating reality and becoming a place where project and experimentation are set in a simplified form to explain critical readings useful for identifying key values that will guide the project. 3D models, together with databases, configure landscapes that outline the future of research through the study of systems of interaction between man, drawing and virtual space. In particular, the contribution deals with the three-dimensional representation of the historical center of the city of Pavia and the territorial relationship with its province, analysing documentation systems that, through digital drawing, contribute to the enhancement and awareness of values of urban landscape heritage. 3D models, used as planning tools, become elements of cohesion between space and time, bringing to light the Roman and Longobard city, till its current configuration, laying the foundations for the project of the city of the future. Each formal choice will be oriented on values of conservation, restoration and interpretation of the historical and cultural dimension of the city.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"162 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126709433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rereading to Rewrite: Documentation and Requalification of Mediterranean Historical Centers, Jerusalem and Taranto Case","authors":"Monica Bercigli, S. Bertocci, Matteo Bigongiari, Vincenzo Moschetti","doi":"10.30958/aja.4-3-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.4-3-4","url":null,"abstract":"The contribution concerns the possibilities of utilization of the digital technologies focused on the documentation of the historical centers. The aim of the project is to evaluate the conservation status of the Heritage and the possibilities and opportunities of valorization and requalification of the historical urban core through projects that show a high level of compatibility with the environment. In relation to these methodologies grows the need to take the inhabitants back to live again the historical center creating spots of complete requalification through the instruments of the architecture. The reading of the places in complete or partial decay and abandon status wants, hence, to get the basis for the preservation of them through precise interventions so that they can create significant synergies in which the inhabitants – through the architecture and their life – come back to inhabit that is to live again those places that, otherwise, time would take away letting forget and lose to the world extraordinary parties of landscape.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"EM-33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114124331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Costabili Palace and the Architecture “All’Antica” in Ferrara at the End of the XV Century","authors":"","doi":"10.30958/aja.7-0-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.7-0-3","url":null,"abstract":"Costabili Palace, also known as Ludovico “il Moro” (Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan) Palace, is located in Ferrara on the ancient Ghiara road, occupying the corner that it forms with via Porta d'Amore, in the south-eastern area of the city. Attributed to the architect Biagio Rossetti (1447-1516) it represents, by size and formal wealth, begun but never completed, the most ambitious palace of the Renaissance in Ferrara. Commissioned by Count Antonio Costabili (1450-1527) at the end of the Fifteenth century, the construction was interrupted in 1503. Of four sides of its court only two were built in their rich and cultured architectural language, and only half of the main façade was sketched. Through the unpublished archival research carried out, crossed with the direct study of the building by surveying the relevant stylistic elements, helped by a proportional analysis and the reading of the stratigraphic masonry units, this doctoral research retraces the history of the construction. This work has clarified the role of the artists involved and their relationship with the strong personality of the client Antonio Costabili, ambassador in Milan of the Duke of Ferrara (Ercole I d’Este) from the year 1496 until the year 1499, one of the most representative intellectuals of his time thanks to a solid humanistic and artistic education. From a systematic study of an unfinished building site the precise design of the Costabili Palace will emerge as expression of a clear linguistic and lexical intention, called “all’antica”, inspired to the Roman classical architecture. The proposed research is wondering about the real contribution that the architectural culture in Ferrara at the end of the Fifteenth century, highly represented by the Costabili Palace, offers to the broader context of the Renaissance courts.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"328 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131813676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Ancient Mesopotamian Aesthetics of Gardens/Parks and Water Installations on the Development of Landscape Architecture","authors":"Antanas Stančius, P. Grecevičius","doi":"10.30958/aja.8-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.8-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the information from fundamental historical sources, the oldest origins of civilization can be found in the river valleys of the Tigris and the Euphrates. Throughout Mesopotamia important routes of trade and migration of peoples followed, which influenced the emergence and development of one of the world’s first urban-type civilizations. It was here that the Sumerian civilization evolved, leading to a major cultural and technological breakthrough. Their widely used irrigation canals influenced not only the landscape, but also the entire ecological, economic and political systems of the time, water being a particularly important factor in this civilization. The oldest known gardens have also expanded here, and the Hanging Gardens of Babylon still fuel people's imagination. Due to its unique geographical location, the region has had a profound impact on the surrounding nations, and it is no accident that the Assyrian Imperial Parks of Northern Mesopotamia exerted a great influence on the civilizations that followed. Undoubtedly, ancient Mesopotamia occupies a fundamental place in the development of garden art. With the growing use of roof gardens and the use of plants in modern architectural constructions as an extremely important tool for composition, it is worth exploring more closely the origins of this landscape-relevant process.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129515741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Place as Assemblage: Abstracting, Diagramming and Mapping","authors":"Milica Muminović","doi":"10.30958/aja.5-1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.5-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"ing, Diagramming and Mapping By Milica Muminovic  Place is an ambiguous concept denoting various elements of the environment, both built and natural. There are a number of different philosophical approaches which examine the notion of place including those that focus on the morphology of the built environment and those deriving from phenomenology. However, most of the theories agree that place is more than what we can see, more than just a built environment and we can summarise the complexity of the built and social environments into one aspect and quality that we call place identity. Different theories generate divergent methods for analysing place. Most approaches, however, develop an objective map of a place in which the subjective data are ignored. For this reason, this paper explores analyses that use subjectivity as a tool and asks to what extent the latter is effective in analyses of place? The intent of this paper is not to fully discard the objective mapping of place but to discuss other methods that can be used to fully understand its complexity. The paper also tests the effectiveness of the diagrammatic approach in place mapping. The definition of the diagram, which derives from both architecture and philosophy, is largely based on Vidler’s theoretical explorations overlapped with the definition of the diagram from assemblage theory. The paper highlights two case studies which use diagramming as a mapping process for understanding place. Streets in Tokyo and Canberra are examined to see how objective data could be visualised to generate an objective or subjective place diagram. The paper argues that diagrammatic mapping involves a level of abstraction that is then read in ways that differ from the intentionality of the author. Thus, a diagram allows the process of layering subjective information during which reading becomes distanced from the original intention, standing as a pure visualisation that can transmit the feeling or the atmosphere and capture the complexity of a place.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127754213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Pragmatic Role of Iconic Buildings in Promoting Social Engagement: A Case Study of Sage Gateshead Music Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK","authors":"Xi Ye","doi":"10.30958/AJA.5-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/AJA.5-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132807702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}