Athens Journal of Architecture最新文献

{"title":"Environmental Features of Vernacular Architecture: The Case of Cyprus","authors":"M. Philokyprou","doi":"10.30958/aja.9-2-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.9-2-4","url":null,"abstract":"The sustainability of vernacular dwellings is closely connected with the fulfilment of the daily needs of the inhabitants, as well as the incorporation of multiple environmental features into their design. These environmental features ensure a climate responsive approach and improve the thermal performance of the dwellings. The vernacular architecture of Cyprus follows the main principles of vernacular architecture in the eastern Mediterranean region as a whole, and thus it is considered as a typical case study, suitable for in-depth investigation. The research findings presented here are an overview of systematic research carried out over the last ten years at the University of Cyprus, mainly through two multidisciplinary research programmes. Specifically, various environmental aspects were thoroughly investigated, starting from the selection and investigation of rural and urban settlements in different climatic areas (urban scale), moving to the building scale and to the selection of a representative number of vernacular dwellings for qualitative, as well as quantitative investigation. Following this, the research focuses on the different spaces within the dwellings (such as courtyards, semi-open spaces and subterranean areas), as well as on various passive strategies (such as ventilation and lighting), ending with the investigation of the thermal behaviour of the traditional building materials used for the erection of the aforementioned dwellings. The research reveals the necessity for a qualitative and quantitative assessment of vernacular architecture through a multicriteria process, and indicates a methodology that can be implemented in other similar cases especially around the Mediterranean area.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125222790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagramming Urban Fragments: Collage City and the ‘Vest-pocket’ in the Case Study of Canberra","authors":"Viktoria Holmik, Milica Muminović","doi":"10.30958/aja.9-2-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.9-2-1","url":null,"abstract":"Written as part of the reaction to Modernist planning in the late 1970s, Collage City by Colin Rowe and Fred Koetter proposes an urban design theory which applies collage as a method from art, shifting the focus from the scale of the totality down to the ‘fragments’ of the city. As design theory, Collage City focuses on the relationships between different elements in space through space and time, and it is through this multi-dimensional approach to the understanding of the city and its fragments that Collage City theory has the potential to generate a different approach. This paper starts by outlining the aspects of Collage City theory to generate the framework for the analysis of the ‘vest-pocket’ fragments and proposes the use of diagram as the main tool to examine the relationships between various scales, alongside a diachronic study of change and persistence of the urban fragment. Canberra’s early civic precinct will be utilised as a case study, mapping its context over time and the relationships of urban fragments to the city. The paper concludes that the diagram complements the reading of the city through its multidimensional relationships and the level of abstraction which contributes to the spatio-temporal collage.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"361 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132657100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shopping Mall Parking Lot as/is a Meeting Place: Typologies and Strategies for a New Polarity in Architectural and Landscape Design","authors":"Claudio Meninno, A. Venudo","doi":"10.30958/aja.9-2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.9-2-3","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of a study developed around the general theme of the future of large shopping centers in relation to the current transformations of territory and city in Italy. Specifically, the research deals with outdoor spaces, those enormous technical and service spaces strictly connected to the commercial \"big-boxes\". The focus of the research is therefore on the large parking areas, the roads, the manoeuvring and service areas for sales: the large asphalt slabs that surround the commercial volumes. The research starts from the specific case study of the large shopping center \"Tiare\" in Villesse, Gorizia (one of the largest in the Friuli Venezia Giulia Region) and then extends to the development of a more general and scientifically articulated modelling. The objective was to translate the initial retrospective study (origins and development of shopping centers) and the design explorations developed in the academic sphere and through workshops on the potential of the case study into strategies, exportable to other contexts. The spaces involved are considerable, amounting to 2-3 times the sales area, i.e., parking lots of 30-40-60 hectares, the same extension of an entire town. From this it is easy to understand the importance of the architectural design on other disciplines, and the need to question \"if and how\" these spaces can also become something else, if they can also have a social role due the dimensional-territorial entity, and specifically, recovering the American tradition from Gruen onwards, if they can assume the role and function of a meeting place. The research allowed the identification of methodologies for the transformation of car parks into meeting points: the creation of a landmark, densification and screening. In addition, the results obtained offer possible new developments for these places that can be identified in the following macro-strategies: the re-urbanisation of peripheral commercial nodes, neural development between city and shopping centre, parallel and autonomous development of shopping malls and cities, commercial development and urban erosion.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128599597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future Directions in Architectural Practice","authors":"C. Vosloo","doi":"10.30958/aja.9-2-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.9-2-5","url":null,"abstract":"The period since the middle of the second decade of the 21st century has seen dramatic changes in the global scientific and socio-economic environment: while the COVID-19 pandemic might have had the biggest impact on what our futures might look like, there are other changes such as the war in Ukraine, rapid developments taking place in the spheres of communication and information technology with the onset of the so-called ‘Fourth Industrial Revolution’ which will have an impact on how architects practise their profession. In addition, globalisation and new liberalism have suffered some form of (temporary?) setback and we see large-scale human migration towards wealthy countries – Western Europe in particular. At the same time the balance of economic power is shifting. And then there is the threat of global warming and the urgent need to change the way we live and do things. The future direction of architectural practice has been a topic in the professional conversation for some time, with architectural professional bodies such as the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) commissioning a study on the future of the profession, focusing on the questions: “Who will design our built environment in 2025; what roles might those trained in architecture have then and how might architectural practice have changed as a result?” Much has changed since then and the 2025 concerns suggested by the RIBA’s study are looming on the horizon. Hence, this study aimed to identify some of the possible directions into which the practice of architects could possibly develop in the next five to ten years and the opportunities that may well arise from the previously mentioned developments. Practitioners might thus be enabled to prepare themselves for possible future opportunities while educators develop and adapt education programmes in order to ensure that their graduates are empowered to flourish amidst the unfolding opportunities.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129631893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Building Technologies for Sustainable Architecture in Heritage Sites: Detailed Design of Two Full-scale Prototypes in the Ancient Greek Colony of Megara Hyblaea in Sicily","authors":"Vincenzo Sapienza, Gianluca Rodonò, Simona Calvagna, Lorenzo Guzzardi, M. Figuera","doi":"10.30958/aja.9-1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.9-1-4","url":null,"abstract":"The present research shows some results obtained by the PON project entitled \"An early warning system for cultural heritage / EWAS\". In this national funded project, Sicilian research institutions, universities and companies work together with the common goal of developing new technologies for the protection and enhancement of historical and cultural heritage and also aim to improve its strategic management and protect it from risks. With a view to pursuing the primary objectives of the EWAS project, it was planned to realize two full-scale prototypes. The first one is a lightweight shelter, the second one is a micro-architecture for facilities. They are able to reduce the environmental impact, they are responsive and they are designed to protect the sensitive areas of the excavations and at the same time to facilitate the use of the archaeological site. In order to test these prototypes, the archaeological area of Megara Hyblaea has been chosen, the most ancient Greek colony in Sicily. It is immersed in an industrial landscape that stretches along the coast of eastern Sicily from Augusta to Syracuse. The sense of the original place has been erased by an indiscriminate occupation of the land by industries which has left, here and there, an archipelago of \"heritage relics\" of various kinds, which are equally close to the smelly chimneys and the horizon of the sea. This landscape of contrasts, dominated by petrochemical industries, has over time hindered a cultural tourism appropriate to the representativeness and importance of the findings, despite the efforts made by the authorities responsible for its protection.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130565260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assimilating Cycle Park as a Part of Urban Living","authors":"Shikha Patel, Kiran Gangadharaiah, Reshmi Manikoth Kollarath","doi":"10.30958/aja.9-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.9-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Cycling has a century-old history. Originated as the cheapest and most practical mode of transportation, the evolution and modernity of cycles have led to cycling becoming a popular adventure sport. While the first cycling race was held in 1868, this sport has evolved to various dimensions as a result of innovation and growing interest in sports. This study documents the evolution of cycling from being a mode of transport to recreation to adventure sport, as practised in recent times, as a part of urban living. With the help of a relevant literature review, this study proposes an architectural design of a cycle park in Bengaluru, with the aim to encourage its citizens to make it a part of their urban living. Bengaluru has observed a growing craze of cycling as a sport, over the past decade. Statistical data from cycle dealers and manufacturers reveals these growing trends. In support of the decision from the Forest Department of Bengaluru to allow cycling in Turrahalli forest, this paper proposes a cycle park adjacent to the Peripheral Ring Road amidst Turrahalli forest. The design aims to serve amateurs, professionals, and cyclists of all ages, giving them a safe and natural environment. With the implementation of such a proposal, the authors hope to encourage cyclists and city dwellers to take up cycling on regular basis, in response to the deteriorating global health.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131152317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The City on the Rails","authors":"Nikoleta Slováková","doi":"10.30958/aja.9-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.9-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"The research focuses on the application of the elements of the theory of linear urbanism to the current solution for the rural settlements, from which life is lost and they are becoming open-air museums. Rural settlements are currently experiencing a crisis, most of their residents are moving to the big cities for work and in order to improve the quality of their life. This work is inspired by utopian cities from the early 20th century, such as The Roadtown by Edward Chambless, Plan Obus by Le Corbusier or Green City by Konstantin Melnikov. Similar tendencies as in previously mentioned works could be found in highly developed cities such as Tokyo. The book, “Made in Tokyo,” from Atelier Bow-Wow, has already mapped the use of those utopian tendencies in Tokyo and tries to apply its forms to the existing typology of cities and landscapes. The aim is not to put all the functions in one conglomerate, but rather to create a superorganism within the country. The superorganism consists of several settlements with insufficient facilities. The settlements are interconnected by an already existing railway. The most important transformation is hidden in the utilisation of the transport infrastructure and in the further addition of the necessary facilities in such a way that the individual necessary facilities within the linear composition can be shared between multiple dwellings. The presented paper uses an artistic research approach, using the method “research by design”. It is an applied (practical) normative research, which relies on the theory of linearity and the theory of the garden city and their radical and coherent design concept. The starting point of the research is a critical look at the current methods of chaotic construction in protected landscape areas in Slovakia. It uses the Margecany-Červená Skala site as a case study to demonstrate how linear theory would work in the present day, using Geographic Information System (GIS) data to analyse the site. The main goal of the project is to bring back the attractiveness of the region with the usage of contemporary artistic concepts, technologies and strategies.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133978370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Cognition in Pedestrian-Level Universal Mobility: Case of Central Kolkata, India","authors":"Gaurab Das Mahapatra, Suguru Mori, Rie Nomura","doi":"10.30958/aja.9-1-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.9-1-5","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, the role of cognition in Universal Mobility at the pedestrian-level has been investigated. A stretch of approximately 850 m in the core of Kolkata Municipal Corporation (in India) has been delineated as the case area for this research. The 02 data sets considered for this research are: 1) Physical data: Pedestrian Count and Vehicular Traffic Volume, and 2) Cognitive data: Light Intensity, Noise, and Thermal Comfort. The authors collected the data from the case area in the years 2020 and 2021. This paper initially involves determining the pedestrian “Level of Service” (LOS) based on the pedestrian count. Furthermore, the authors co-relate (Pearson’s Correlation with a 95% confidence interval) the LOS data with the light intensity, sound intensity, and temperature data; to establish a relationship between them. The result of this research indicates that there is a gap in realizing the potential of walkability in the case area. The authors conclude that the improvement of cognition in pedestrian-level Universal Mobility can lead to a better physical environment for the specially-abled and elderly.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125124968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rediscovery of Japan: The Critical Reception of Japanese Architecture in Portugal after the Opening of Japan to the West","authors":"João Couto Duarte","doi":"10.30958/aja.9-1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.9-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"The opening of Japanese ports to the West in 1854 enabled the rediscovery by the rest of the world of Japan as a country, which, until then and throughout the more than two centuries of the Sakoku or closed country period, had maintained an isolationist policy in relation to the outside world. This opening up allowed for contact with Japanese art, including architecture, which was progressively absorbed by Western art, giving rise to Japonisme. Portugal was receptive to Japonisme, even if that receptiveness was motivated more by a taste for the exotic than genuine interest in the values of Japanese art. Even though its influence on Portuguese architecture was practically zero, Japanese architecture was divulged in Portugal. The aim of this paper is to determine an initial understanding of the reception of Japanese architecture in Portuguese books and architecture-related magazines published in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The investigation is sustained in interpretative-historical research, and seeks to assess how the contact with Japanese architecture unfolded and also examine the reasons behind its dissemination in Portuguese publications. This assessment is preceded by a contextualisation that sets out to clarify the reception given to Japonisme in the Portuguese art scene.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129947421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"10 Variations of an Architectural Design Theme Analogy between Compositional Principle and Musical Theme in the Design of the “Napoleon and the Myth of Rome” Exhibition Project","authors":"Marta Isabel Sena Augusto","doi":"10.30958/aja.8-4-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.8-4-4","url":null,"abstract":"The essay “10 variations of an architectural design theme” use comparative analysis to analogize the morphological development of an architectural compositional principle with the variations of a musical theme. The case study is the design of the temporary exhibition “Napoleon and the myth of Rome” in the archaeological complex of Trajan’s Markets - Museum of the Imperial Fora. This temporary exhibition, with more than 100 works – including sculptures, paintings, prints, medals, gems, etc. - some from the same period as those in the permanent exhibition, has to dialogue with the archaeological complex and the permanent collection from its own identity. The team of architects who designed the installation of the temporary exhibition chose to start from a clear compositional principle that throughout the exhibition path loses, gains, sublimates, or simplifies elements as it adapts to the specifics of the space, program, lighting, and permanent collection pieces location, in order to discern the temporary exhibition from the permanent collection. Through this case study, we can see how each of the variations, in architecture as in music, reinforces and helps to achieve higher comprehensibility of the main theme.","PeriodicalId":112704,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Architecture","volume":"33 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116747771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}