Doklady Akademii nauk最新文献

{"title":"Specific surgical tactics features for the prevention of unsatisfactory total knee arthroplasty outcomes","authors":"O. Eismont","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-217-223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-217-223","url":null,"abstract":". The objective of the study was to improve the treatment results of patients with total knee arthroplasty (TkA) by substantiating and developing differentiated surgical tactics. The study included 151 patients (212 cases) who underwent TkA without patella replacement. The patients were divided into two groups: the main group is 74 patients (110 cases) and the comparison group is 77 patients (112 cases). In the main group, surgery was performed by using the developed installing tactics. The comparison group included the patients after the traditional surgical technique described in the manuals. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups ( p = 0.52). The treatment results were assessed in 3, 6, 12, 24 months and more after surgery. kSS (knee Society Score) and kujala scales were used. The tactics of surgical intervention was developed, consisting of the correct installation of femoral and tibial components and capsular-ligamentous balancing of the patellofemoral joint. After the components implantation, the capsular-ligamentous balancing of the patellofemoral joint was performed depending on the patella position relative to the block of the femoral component (tilt, subluxation or dislocation of the patella). 5 types of patellar tendon extension were used: release of the lateral patellofemoral ligament, mobilization of the lateral skin flap from the capsule, “grid” type release, iliotibial tract release. The developed surgical tactics for TkA allowed us to obtain the better immediate and long-term treatment results than the traditional surgical technique. During the femoral and tibial component implantation, it is especially important to take into account the points that are directly related to the biomechanics of the patellofemoral part of the knee joint.","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"136 1","pages":"217-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88935313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of high-frequency rhythms of the behavioral activity by oligopeptides structurаlly related to oxytocin","authors":"E. Kravchenko, N. Bizunok, B. Dubovik","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-191-198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-191-198","url":null,"abstract":". The pharmacological regulation of high-frequency rhythms of the behavioral activity (with a period of up to 1/2 hour) is an actual direction of modern medical science. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of oligopeptides structurally related to oxytocin on the parameters of ultradian rhythms of locomotor activity (LA) in outbred ICR laboratory mice. LA was recorded automatically in a multichannel actometer (Ugo Basile, Italy) in the conditions of individual de -tection. Amplitude, acrophase, and mesor of biorhythms’ were determined by the Cosinor analysis. Oligopeptides structurally related to oxytocin fragments, as well as memantine under systemic (intraperitoneal) administration, had a pronounced influence on the ultradian LA biorhythms of mice. Memantine (10.0 mg/kg), Cyclo-(Leu-Gly) (0.025 mg/kg), Pro-Leu (0.5 mg/kg), and Leu-Gly (0.1 mg/kg) triggered the migration to the right of the acrophase of statistically significant 24-minute LA rhythms versus control. A further study of the peptidergic mechanisms of regulation of fluctuations in ultradian biorhythms can contribute to the development of the theoretical foundations of chronobiology, as well as to the search for the means correcting the desynchronoses.","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"226 1","pages":"191-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89189673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Компьютерное прогнозирование пространственного распределения концентрации Cs-137 в почве","authors":"П. К. Шалькевич","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-139-145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-139-145","url":null,"abstract":"Computer prediction of the migration of radioactive contaminants in soil is a promising scientific direction due to the fact that prediction of the radiation situation on the basis of experimental measurements of radionuclides activity requires the use of mathematical and computer methods of data processing. At the same time, most of the specialized software packages for predicting the spread of radioactive contaminants in soil are based on one- and two-dimensional idealizations of this process, while solving the problem of comprehensive assessment of the biosphere’s state requires the data of the contaminant’s spatial distribution. To obtain such data, the author has developed a software module as a part of SPS (Simulation of Processes in Soil) v2.0 software package, which allows predicting the parameters of the spatial migration of radionuclides in natural dispersed media. To assess the possibility of using the developed software in practice, the prediction results were verified by the experimental data. For this purpose, the spatial distribution of the Cs-137 concentration in the experimental area in the Luninets district of the Brest region was predicted using the measurement data of the Cs-137 activities and the soil characteristics. The comparison of the results obtained on the basis of experimental measurements and the predicted values of the spatial distribution of the Cs-137 concentration showed that the predicted values are within the confidence intervals of the measured values. Consequently, the developed software can be used to solve practical problems in the field of forecasting the migration of radionuclides with obtaining a reliable picture of their distribution over the volume of the modeling area and to comprehensively assess their impact on the environment.","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"22 6S 1","pages":"139-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76513924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design solutions for gravity-independent heat pipes","authors":"O. Voitik, K. Delendik, N. Kolyago","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-234-240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-234-240","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"84 1","pages":"234-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73567180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of old age on cardioprotective efficiency of pharmacological postconditioning using lactic acid in ischemia-reperfusion of the myocardium in experiment","authors":"S. N. Chepelev, F. Vismont, S. V. Goubkin, L. Maslov","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-207-216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-207-216","url":null,"abstract":"of modern experimental and clinical medicine is to develop methods aimed at limiting reversible and irreversible damage to the myocardium, including in elderly patients. There are a lot of the data supporting the cardioprotective efficiency of such phenomena as ischemic and pharmacological pre- and postconditioning that reduce ischemic and reperfusion damage in young hearts. However, the information on the effectiveness of these phenomena in experiments on old animals is very scarce, contradictory, and not fully understood. The aim of the study was to experimentally evaluate the influence of old age on the reproducibility of the cardioprotective efficiency of pharmacological postconditioning using lactic acid in ischemia-reperfu sion of the myocardium. In the course of the study, it was found that neutral lactate, after being administered into the blood flow of animals at a dose of 10 mg/kg 25 minutes after the onset of reperfusion, leads to a decrease in the infarct size of the left ventricle of the myocardium in old rats. Pharmacological postconditioning using lactate is not effective in reducing the duration of cardiac arrhythmias in ischemia-reperfusion of the myocardium in old rats; however, there is a tendency to reduce the incidence of reperfusion arrhythmias and the total duration of cardiac arrhythmias. The obtained data suggest that the presence of such a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases as old age is not a criterion to exclude the use of pharmacological postconditioning with lactate as a way to reduce ischemia and reperfusion injury of myocardium.","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"9 1","pages":"207-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88396794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Setting the functional properties of TiNi alloys during ion-plasma coating deposition process","authors":"В. В. Рубаник, Д. А. Багрец, В. В. Рубаник мл., В. И. Урбан, А. Н. Ужекина, В. Г. Дородейко","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-1-119-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-1-119-128","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present work is to study the influence of the technological parameters of the ion-plasma treatment (IPT) on the functional properties of a TiNi shape memory alloy and its biocompatibility. The object of the study was the Ti–50.8 at. % Ni alloy, widely applied in medical devices. IPT was carried out by vacuum-arc evaporation of a titanium cathode at different values of the bias potential (0, –100, and –500 V), followed by TiN deposition. The functional properties of the TiNi alloy after IPT were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. The biocompatible properties were evaluated using atomic emission spectrometry to measure a nickel concentration after one year holding TiN-coated TiNi samples in the 0.9 % NaCl solution. It has been determined that by setting the temperature regime of heating of Ti–50.8 at. % Ni alloy samples due to the technological parameters of the IPT process, it is possible to change the interval of realization of thermoelastic martensitic transformations, and, consequently, the temperature response of devices made of this alloy, i. e. to set the necessary functional properties. The comparative analysis of the characteristic temperatures after heat and ion-plasma treatments allow us to conclude that the proposed method for calculation of the TiNi substrate temperature is correct at IPT. The calculated temperature of the TiNi samples was ~275 °C at the zero potential, which is sufficient to shift the characteristic temperatures of the alloy. The substrate temperature during deposition was ~400 °C at a – 100 V bias and above 600 °C at a – 500 V bias, respectively. The Ni concentration in the model solution did not exceed 0.14 mg/l after one year holding, which indicates the high biocompatibility of the TiN-coated TiNi samples.","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"44 1","pages":"119-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88859751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic structure of the carp population (Cyprinus carpio carpio) grown in the aquaculture in the Republic of Belarus","authors":"V. Lemesh, V. Ageyets, A. Nosova, V. Kipen, N. I. Tsar, T. Sergeeva, E. Savicheva","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-1-68-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-1-68-75","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we presented a panel of 14 microsatellite loci (MFW1, MFW2, MFW6, MFW9, MFW10, MFW11, MFW13, MFW16, MFW20, MFW24, MFW26, MFW28, MFW29 and Cid0909), with which we studied the genetic structure of Cyprinus carpio carpio of the breed “Izobelinsky” in the Republic of Belarus. Four offshoots of carp were included in the study: two mirrory (“Smes’ zerkal’naya”, “Tri prim”) and two scaly (“Smes’ cheshujchataya”, “Stolin XVIII”). As a result, it was found that the carp breed “Izobelinsky” exhibits a high level of in-breed genetic variability. In the studied microsatellite loci, 231 alleles were identified, 62 % of the total number of alleles were rare alleles with a frequency of occurrence of less than 5.0 %. The number of effective alleles (Ne) at the loci ranged from 3.082 (MFW10) to 9.754 (MFW26). The Shannon biodiversity index (I) was 2.082 ± 0.075. The highest value of the expected heterozygosity index (He) was noted for the MFW26 locus (0.897), the lowest – for the MFW10 locus (0.676). The greatest genetic diversity is characteristic of the scaly carp “Smes’ cheshujchataya” and “Stolin XVIII”. The highest total percentage of rare alleles was determined for fishes from “Stolin XVIII”. The minimum values of this parameter were found for specimens of the carp “Smes’ zerkal’naya” and “Tri prim”. The results of this study indicate a fairly high genetic diversity of four offshoots of the carp breed “Izobelinsky”, which was established using the marker loci optimally selected for analysis. This makes it possible to differentiate the layering among themselves.","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"53 1","pages":"68-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83257269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HERC2 and OCA2 genes polimorphisms in relation to the iris color variation of the Belarusian population","authors":"M. Shapturenko, A. Kondratiuk, S. Vakula, M. V. Seredenko, I. G. Gudzievskaya, S. Borovko, L. N. Marchenko, O. Skrypnik, A. A. Dalidovitch, A. Kilchevsky","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-1-59-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-1-59-67","url":null,"abstract":"The human genetic phenotyping is one of the most intensely developing area of forensic genetics. Externally visible traits, including eye color, can be predicted by analyzing single nucleotide polymorphisms with a high predictive rate. We studied the polymorphisms rs12913832 and rs1800407 in the HERC2 and OCA2 genes, respectively, to evaluate its prognostic availability in relation to the iris pigmentation of the Belarusian population. For this, both eye images and DNA samples were collected from 314 individuals to analyze the key polymorphisms by the TaqMan assay. Our data confirmed a relevance of rs12913832:A>G and rs1800407:G>A in the prediction context. The highest values of the sensitivity (SE = 0.94) and the specificity (SP = 0.90) were obtained for rs12913832, demonstrating the high efficiency of this marker as a classifier of phenotypic groups. The presence of the ancestral dominant allele rs12913832-A causes a dark (brown) iris pigmentation, how- ever, the heterozygous state rs12913832:GA includes a range of mixed variants. The predictive value of rs1800407 for the genetic phenotyping is highly significant (SE = 0.98), but has a low specificity (SP = 0.14), thus rs1800407, not being an effective classifier, can be used as an auxiliary in the eye color predictive model. The analysis of a cumulative impact of the both poly- morphisms on the iris color variation shows their high prospects for the genetic phenotyping of the Belarusian population.","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"41 1","pages":"59-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89241095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Хеликобактериоз: изменения слизистой оболочки при нарушении двигательных функций (моторики) в гастроэзофагальной и дуоденогастральной зонах желудка","authors":"О. О. Янович, Леонид Петрович Титов, М. В. Дорошко, И. Г. Сергеева, С. А. Гузов","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-1-96-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-1-96-102","url":null,"abstract":"The morphological changes in the gastric mucosa in the presence of duodenogastric reflux and refluxesophagitis and their connection with the presence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection are studied. The endoscopic and histological examination of the stomach antral part was performed in 1251 patients with different gastroduodenal pathologies. HP was diagnosed by histological and real-time PCR methods. Among patients with different gastroduodenal pathologies the frequency of H. pylori infection was 77.9 %. Duodenogastric reflux was detected in 23.9 % of patients. In the presence of duodenogastric reflux, we have found a decrease in the risk of duodenal ulcer by a factor of 2.5, thus duodenogastric reflux may protect against the development of duodenal ulcer. In patients with duodenogastric reflux in the presence of H. pylori infection, significant differences from the group uninfected of Helicobacter pylori were found in the metaplasia frequency. A significant increase in the frequency of foveolar hyperplasia among patients with duodenogastric reflux was revealed. The prevalence of reflux-esophagitis in the study group was 8.3 %. No increased risk in reflux-esophagitis was observed either in the HP-positive or HP-negative cases. According to our finding, duodenogastric reflux was characterized by foveolar hyperplasia and metaplasia. We suggest that the presence or absence of H. pylori does not affect reflux-esophagitis.","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"192 1","pages":"96-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79667662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Молекулярно-генетическая характеристика образцов озимой мягкой пшеницы в связи с селекцией на устойчивость к полеганию","authors":"Е. А. Сычёва, Е. Б. Бондаревич, Л. А. Соловей, В. Е. Шимко, С. И. Гордей, И. В. Сацюк, Н. И. Дубовец","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-1-52-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-1-52-58","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to analyze the genomic structure and allelic composition of the dwarfing Rht-B1, Rht-D1 and Rht8 genes in 37 varieties and breeding samples of soft winter wheat in connection with breeding for lodging resistance in the Republic of Belarus. The molecular cytogenetic marking (C-banding) and DNA typing of genotypes were used. As a result, the analysis of the chromosomal composition of the breeding material showed that 21 winter wheat samples are characterized by the standard karyotype with the genomic structure AABBDD (2n = 42). Five variants of translocations affecting the chromosomes 1B, 3B, 5B, 6B, and 7B were revealed in the karyotypes of the remaining samples. It was found that the chromosomes of the 2nd and 4th homologous groups, in which the main dwarfing genes (Rht-B1, Rht-D1, and Rht8) are localized, did not undergo structural changes. Genotyping showed that 45.9 % of the samples contain one of the dwarfing alleles (Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b, Rht8c) in their genotype. A combination of two commercially significant alleles (Rht-B1b and Rht8c) in the genotype were identified in one of the winter wheat samples. The genotype with a combination of the Rht-B1a, Rht-D1a and Rht8b alleles occurred with the highest frequency (37.8 %) in the analysed breeding material. The Rht-B1b, Rht-D1a, Rht8b; Rht-B1a, Rht-D1a, Rht8a genotypes showed the frequency of 16.2 %. The Rht-B1a, Rht-D1a, Rht8c; Rht-B1a, Rht-D1b, Rht8b; Rht-B1a, Rht-D1b, Rht8j genotypes were identified in 5.4 % of the samples; the Rht-B1a, Rht-D1b, Rht8а genotypes – in 8.1 % of the samples. The analysis of the plant height, taking into account the karyotyping and genotyping data showed that the targeted selection of the most efficient allelic combinations of dwarfing genes is important for the cultivation region. The studies carried out allow us to suggest that the selection by the overwintering level can contribute to the fixation of the Rht8b allele in the breeding material, which is apparently associated with better winter hardiness in the conditions of Belarus.","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"84 1","pages":"52-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75910115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}