Diabetes Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of Distribution and Drug Susceptibility Test Results of Pathogenic Bacteria in Diabetic Foot Ulcers.","authors":"Man Wu, Fangting Guo, Xiaowei He, Dayin Zheng, Weiqian Ye, Shaobin Li, Zhihua Lin, Fengxiong Wang","doi":"10.1007/s13300-024-01601-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-024-01601-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to determine the pathogen distribution and drug susceptibility of diabetic foot wound secretions in a tertiary hospital in a coastal area of southeastern China to guide clinical antibiotic selection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 212 patients with diabetic foot hospitalized at Xiamen Third Hospital from 2018 to 2023, and foot wound secretions were collected for microbial culture and drug susceptibility testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 212 cases of patients with diabetic foot wound secretions, 163 cases (76.9%) were cultured with pathogenic bacteria, and a total of 207 strains of pathogenic bacteria were cultured, including 75 strains (36.23%) of Gram-positive (G+) bacteria, 118 strains of Gram-negative (G-) bacteria (57.00%), 14 strains of fungi (6.76%), 120 cases of single microorganism infection (73.62%), 43 cases of mixed infection (26.38%), and 15 strains of multidrug-resistant bacteria (7.25%). The top three pathogenic bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. G+ bacteria were dominated by S. aureus. Drug susceptibility results showed that G+ bacteria were highly susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid, tigecycline, quinupristin/dalfopristin, rifampicin, and furotoxin, and somewhat resistant to penicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, and cefoxitin. Among G- bacterial infections, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Proteus were the major species. Drug susceptibility testing indicated that carbapenems such as imipenem and ertapenem were the most effective antibacterial drugs against G- strains, followed by amikacin, piperacillin, and tazabactams to which these bacteria were also relatively sensitive, while resistance to penicillins and first-generation cephalosporins increased significantly. We isolated one strain of pathogenic bacteria from a Wagner grade 1 ulcer, which was G+ bacteria. In Wagner grade 2 ulcers, the distribution of pathogenic bacteria was mainly G+ bacteria. In Wagner grade 3 and 4 ulcers, the distribution of pathogenic bacteria was mainly G- bacteria, and the increased rate of mixed infection was mainly due to mixed infection of G+ and G-. Two strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated at Wagner grade 5, which were mixed infections of G+ and G-.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pathogenic bacteria in diabetic foot wounds are predominantly G- bacteria, followed by G+ bacteria. As the Wagner ulcer grade increases, the distribution of pathogenic bacteria changes from G+ bacteria to G- bacteria, and the mixed infection rate increases. G+ bacteria are highly susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid, tigecycline, quinupristin/dalfopristin, rifampicin, and furotoxin, and somewhat resistant to penicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, and cefoxitin. G- bacteria are more sensitive to the antimicrobial drugs ertapenem, imipenem, amikacin, piperacillin tazo","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1627-1637"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141070383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban-Rural Differences in the Prevalence of Diabetes Among Adults in Haryana, India: The ICMR-INDIAB Study (ICMR-INDIAB-18).","authors":"Sanjay Kalra, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Madhur Verma, Rajendra Pradeepa, Nikita Sharma, Mohan Deepa, Omna Singh, Ulagamadesan Venkatesan, Nirmal Elangovan, Sameer Aggarwal, Rakesh Kakkar, Viswanathan Mohan","doi":"10.1007/s13300-024-01602-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-024-01602-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetes is a multifactorial disease with far-reaching consequences. Environmental factors, such as urban or rural residence, influence its prevalence and associated comorbidities. Haryana-a north Indian state-has undergone rapid urbanisation, and part of it is included in the National Capital Region (NCR). The primary aim of the study is to estimate the prevalence of diabetes in Haryana with urban-rural, NCR and non-NCR regional stratification and assess the factors affecting the likelihood of having diabetes among adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This sub-group analysis of the Indian Council of Medical Research-India Diabetes (ICMR-INDIAB) study (a nationally representative cross-sectional population-based survey) was done for Haryana using data from 3722 participants. The dependent variable was diabetes, while residence in NCR/non-NCR and urban-rural areas were prime independent variables. Weighted prevalence was estimated using state-specific sampling weights and standardized using National Family Health Survey-5 (NFHS-5) study weights. Associations were depicted using bivariate analysis, and factors describing the likelihood of living with diabetes were explored using a multivariable binary logistic regression analysis approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the weighted prevalence of diabetes in Haryana was higher than the national average (12.4% vs. 11.4%). The prevalence was higher in urban (17.9%) than in rural areas (9.5%). The prevalence of diabetes in rural areas was higher in the NCR region, while that of prediabetes was higher in rural non-NCR region. Urban-rural participants' anthropometric measurements and biochemical profiles depicted non-significant differences. Urban-rural status, age and physical activity levels were the most significant factors that affected the likelihood of living with diabetes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current analysis provides robust prevalence estimates highlighting the urban-rural disparities. Urban areas continue to have a high prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes; rural areas depict a much higher prevalence of prediabetes than diabetes. With the economic transition rapidly bridging the gap between urban and rural populations, health policymakers should plan efficient strategies to tackle the diabetes epidemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1597-1613"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141070385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Self-Review of Lifestyle Behaviors with Once-Weekly Glycated Albumin Measurement in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Pilot Study.","authors":"Hideaki Jinnouchi, Akira Yoshida, Mariko Taniguchi, Eisaku Yamauchi, Daisuke Kurosawa, Kenji Yachiku, Itsushi Minoura, Takashi Kadowaki, Toshimasa Yamauchi, Masakazu Aihara, Naoto Kubota, Koshin Sekimizu","doi":"10.1007/s13300-024-01599-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-024-01599-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lifestyle management, including appropriate modifications of nutrition, exercise, and medication behaviors, is essential for optimal glycemic control. The absence of appropriate monitoring methods to validate the lifestyle change may hinder the modification and continuation of behaviors. In this study, we evaluated whether once-weekly glycated albumin (GA) measurement received via a smartphone application could improve glycemia management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by supporting self-review and modification of lifestyle behaviors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This open-label, randomized controlled, single-center study in Japan with an 8-week intervention period was conducted in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and HbA1c levels between 7.0 and 9.0% (53‒75 mmol/mol). The intervention was once-weekly home monitoring of GA with a daily self-review of lifestyle behaviors using a smartphone application, in addition to conventional treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 98 participants (72.0% males; age 63.2 ± 11.4 years; HbA1c 7.39 ± 0.39% [57.3 ± 4.3 mmol/mol]) were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. Significant decreases of the GA and HbA1c levels from the baseline to the last observation day were observed in the intervention group (- 1.71 ± 1.37% [- 39.1 ± 31.3 mmol/mol] and - 0.32 ± 0.32% [- 3.5 ± 3.5 mmol/mol], respectively). Significant decreases of the body weight, waist circumference, and caloric expenditure (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0003, p = 0.0346, respectively), but not of the caloric intake (p = 0.678), were also observed in the intervention group as compared with the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Self-review of lifestyle behaviors in combination with once-weekly GA home testing received via a smartphone application might potentially benefit glycemic management in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>jRCTs042220048.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1561-1575"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140943203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapy-Related Satisfaction and Quality of Life for Japanese People with Diabetes Using Rapid-Acting Insulin Analogs: A Web-Based Survey.","authors":"Hitoshi Ishii, Yasutaka Maeda, Manaka Sato, Zhihong Cai, Makoto Imori","doi":"10.1007/s13300-024-01584-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-024-01584-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>People with diabetes require insulin to regulate blood glucose (BG); rapid-acting insulin analogs (RAIA) represent one approach for BG management. New fast-acting RAIA administered at the start of a meal suppress postprandial BG better than conventional RAIA. New RAIA are expected to confer higher treatment satisfaction and improved quality of life (QOL) than conventional RAIA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional, web-based survey in Japan (November 2022) included people with diabetes (type 1/2), aged ≥ 18 years, registered in the Rakuten Insight Diabetes Panel, using new and/or conventional RAIA. RAIA-specific satisfaction was evaluated by questions on RAIA use (scores: 1 [not at all satisfied]; 7 [very satisfied]) and QOL by the Diabetes Therapy-Related (DTR)-QOL questionnaire (scores: 0-100, 100 = best) for the whole population (primary endpoint) and for new versus conventional RAIA users (secondary endpoint). Multiple regression models were used to compare new versus conventional RAIA users.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis population comprised 217 people with diabetes (new RAIA, n = 109; conventional RAIA, n = 108). Mean (standard deviation) RAIA-specific satisfaction scores ranged from 5.1 (1.2) to 5.4 (1.2); DTR-QOL total score was 51.6 (20.4). RAIA satisfaction scores were numerically higher for new versus conventional RAIA users; no difference in DTR-QOL total score was observed. DTR-QOL satisfaction with treatment domain score was significantly higher in new versus conventional RAIA users (least squares mean difference [standard error]: 7.3 [3.1]; 95% confidence interval: 1.2, 13.4; P = 0.0197). RAIA-specific satisfaction was higher among patients who discussed BG sufficiently with their doctor versus those who did not.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>New RAIA users have greater treatment satisfaction than conventional RAIA users. QOL was similar among new and conventional RAIA users, except for satisfaction with treatment, which was significantly higher among new RAIA users. Detailed explanations from the doctor to the person with diabetes about the relationship between new RAIA and BG status are essential. A graphical plain language summary is available with this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1577-1595"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140956717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could Online Education Replace Face-to-Face Education in Diabetes? A Systematic Review.","authors":"Núria Alonso-Carril, Silvia Rodriguez-Rodríguez, Carmen Quirós, Belén Berrocal, Antonio J Amor, Maria-José Barahona, Davinia Martínez, Carme Ferré, Verónica Perea","doi":"10.1007/s13300-024-01595-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-024-01595-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) is a critical component of diabetes care. This study aims to examine the effect of online-based educational interventions on diabetes management compared to face-to-face interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted by searching three databases for studies in English or Spanish between December 2023 and March 2024. The inclusion criteria were studies that compared face-to-face DSMES with online interventions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The follow-up duration of the trials ranged from 1 to 12 months. Multidisciplinary teams delivered online DSMES through various means, including Short Message Service (SMS), telephone calls, video calls, websites, and applications. Online DSMES was found to be comparable to face-to-face interventions in terms of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). In contrast, online interventions that focus on weight management in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have shown a significant reduction in HbA1c compared to face-to-face interventions. Online DSMES was found to be superior in terms of quality of life and cost-effectiveness in both T1D and T2D. None of the analyzed studies explored the differences between individual and group methodologies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current evidence indicates that online DSMES services provide at least comparable biomedical benefits to face-to-face interventions, suggesting that online interventions could be incorporated into clinical practice as a complement or reinforcement. However, further research is needed to explore the potential benefits and effectiveness of online group sessions in DSMES.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1513-1524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140921494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPIRIT: Assessing Clinical Parameters Associated with Using IDegLira in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in a Real-World Setting in Colombia.","authors":"Alex Ramírez-Rincón, Diana Henao-Carrillo, Miguel Omeara, Julio Oliveros, José Assaf, Jaime E Ordóñez, Preethy Prasad, María Alejandra Alzate","doi":"10.1007/s13300-024-01593-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-024-01593-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Insulin degludec/liraglutide (IDegLira) is a fixed-ratio combination of insulin degludec (a basal insulin) and liraglutide (a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist [GLP-1RA]). This study aimed to investigate clinical outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after initiating IDegLira treatment in a real-world setting in Colombia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SPIRIT is a non-interventional, single-arm, retrospective chart review study to assess clinical outcomes in people with T2DM. Participating patients were switched from a treatment regimen of basal insulin (with or without oral antidiabetics [OADs]) and started on treatment with IDegLira a minimum of 26 ± 6 weeks before the data collection start date. Data were collected from the medical records of 175 patients in ten clinical centers across Colombia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with baseline, there was a significant reduction in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (1.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI] - 1.6 to - 1.0; p < 0.0001) after 26 ± 6 weeks of follow-up. The mean HbA1c at baseline and at the end of the study was 9.1% and 7.8%, respectively. In addition, IDegLira significantly reduced absolute body weight by 1 kg (95% CI - 1.5 to - 0.5; p < 0.0001), from a mean of 76.1 kg at baseline to 75.1 kg after follow-up. The mean IDegLira dose at the end of the study was 21.3 U, and no severe hypoglycemic events were observed during the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In real-world practice, initiating IDegLira in patients with T2DM previously treated with basal insulin (± OAD) was associated with improved glycemic control, reduced body weight and reduced risk of hypoglycemia.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05324462.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1535-1545"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140876060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Clinical Experience of Oral Semaglutide in a Secondary Diabetes Clinic in the UK: A Retrospective Observational Study.","authors":"David M Williams, Barbara-Alex Alberts, Asem Sharaf, Giselle Sharaf, Stephen C Bain, Atul Kalhan, Thinzar Min","doi":"10.1007/s13300-024-01590-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-024-01590-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Oral semaglutide improves cardiovascular risk factors in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in clinical trials, though real-world evidence is limited. We aimed to determine the real-world impact of oral semaglutide on routinely collected clinical data in our practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>People with T2D initiated on oral semaglutide in secondary care diabetes clinics at two hospital sites in Wales (United Kingdom) were included. Data were collected on reasons for oral semaglutide initiation and changes in bodyweight, blood pressure, glycemic control, and lipid profiles over follow-up at 3-6 months, and at 6-12 months. Data were collected to determine the safety of oral semaglutide.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-six patients were included, with a median age 59.3 [51.4-67.6] years, and 38 (50.0%) patients were female. The most common reasons for oral semaglutide were need for weight loss and improved glycemia (69.8%), and improved glycemia alone (25.0%). Oral semaglutide associated with significantly reduced bodyweight (- 3.3 kg), body mass index (BMI) (- 0.9 kg/m²), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (- 11 mmol/mol), and total cholesterol (- 0.4 mmol/l) by 3-6 months follow-up. At 6-12 months, there was a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (- 7.0 mmHg), in addition to sustained reductions in other metabolic parameters. By 12 months, 18 (23.6%) patients had discontinued the drug, largely resulting from gastrointestinal disturbance, but there were no serious events in this cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Oral semaglutide was effective in improving cardiovascular risk factors in this real-world population living with T2D, and no serious events were identified related to oral semaglutide in this patient group.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1639-1646"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140897690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Basal and Bolus Insulin Requirements with Tirzepatide as an Adjunctive Therapy in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Using Tandem Control-IQ.","authors":"Kagan E Karakus, Matthew P Klein, Halis K Akturk, Viral N Shah","doi":"10.1007/s13300-024-01592-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-024-01592-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study was aimed at investigating changes in insulin requirements and glycemic outcomes in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using Control IQ (Tandem Diabetes) automated insulin delivery system (AID) over 8 months of tirzepatide treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-center, observational study, we collected demographic, A1c, weight, sensor glucose, and insulin dose data for adults with T1D who were using AID and initiated tirzepatide adjunct therapy for clinical indications (n = 11, median age 37, 64% female and mean body mass index of 39.6 kg/m²). Data were compared from baseline and over 8 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within 2 months of tirzepatide treatment, there were significant reductions in total daily insulin [median (IQR) 73.9 (47.6-95.8) to 51.7 (46.7-66.8) units/day, p < 0.001], basal insulin [47 (28.2-51.8) to 32.4 (25.5-46.3) units/day, p < 0.001], and bolus insulin [31.4 (19.9-38.3) to 17.9 (14.9-22.2) units/day, p < 0.001] requirements. Insulin dose reduction from 2 to 8 months was modest. The frequency of user-initiated boluses did not differ throughout the study. Despite reductions in total insulin requirement, time in range (70-180 mg/dl) increased by 7%, A1c reduced by 0.5%, weight reduced by 9%, without increase in time below 70 mg/dl.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This pilot study provides clinical guidance on insulin titration for adults with T1D who may initiate tirzepatide therapy. Based on the findings of this study, we recommend reducing 25% of total daily insulin dose at tirzepatide initiation in adults with T1D using AID with baseline A1c of less than 7.5%. Higher doses of tirzepatide were associated with greater weight loss, however, the reduction in insulin requirement was minimal.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1647-1655"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140921482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Counseling for Insulin Icodec: A Proposed Practitioner's Guide.","authors":"Sanjay Kalra, Saptarshi Bhattacharya, Nitin Kapoor","doi":"10.1007/s13300-024-01600-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-024-01600-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite insulin being a lifesaving medication, insulin distress, insulin hesitancy, and insulin inertia remain oft-repeated themes in diabetes discourse. The current model lists three issues: temperament, troublesomeness, and technicality, which contribute to insulin perceptions. Therapeutic patienteducation (TPE), value-added therapy (VAT), and medication counseling are concepts that assist in optimizing insulin perceptions. Insulin icodec is a basal insulin with a half-life of 196 h and a once-weekly or circaseptan frequency of administration. Insulin icodec reduces the frequency of basal insulin administration to one-seventh, which along with the lower requirement of glucose monitoring, reduces the burden of plastic and ancillary supply disposal. Because of its unique frequency of injection, insulin icodec usage requires appropriate counseling and education. This reader-friendly counseling guide helps practitioners offer VAT, as well as TPE while prescribing icodec and other insulins.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1491-1499"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140921497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy and Safety of Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors in Real-World Clinical Practice: Potential Cautionary Use in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D).","authors":"Dong-Hwa Lee, Ji Hwan Oh, Hyun Jeong Jeon, Tae Keun Oh","doi":"10.1007/s13300-024-01604-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-024-01604-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have shown safe and therapeutic efficacy in randomized controlled trials (RCT) to reduce adverse cardiorenal events in high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, we investigated the efficacy and safety of SGLT2 intervention in patients with T2D in a real-world clinical practice to confirm the validity of the RCT results.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As a retrospective study, we evaluated medical records from 596 patients with T2D treated with SGLT2 inhibitors (dapagliflozin or empagliflozin) in addition to their prior drug regimen to improve glucose control between 2015 and 2019 in the Endocrinology Department at Chungbuk National University Hospital. No control arm was evaluated to compare the effects of adding SGLT inhibitors to the pre-existing regimen. The primary objective was the measurement of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) from each individual patient over a 36-month period at 6-month intervals. The secondary parameters were the measurement of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and body weight (Bwt) changes, as well as the monitoring of adverse events (AEs) and determining the reasons for drug discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HbA1c levels were reduced at each of the time points throughout the 36-month period and were significantly reduced by 12.5% (P < 0.01) from time 0 (8.8 ± 1.3%) to 36 months (7.7 ± 1.0%). FPG levels [from basal (180 ± 60 mg/dL) to 36 months (138 ± 38 mg/dL)] and Bwt [from basal (74 ± 15 kg) to 36 months (72 ± 15 kg)] were also significantly reduced (P < 0.01) for both measurements in the SGLT2 inhibitor add-on group. Similar to HbA1c profile, the FPG and Bwt were measured at a consistently lower level at 6 months until the end of the study. The most common AEs were hypoglycemia (n = 57), genitourinary infection (GUI) (n = 31), and polyuria (n = 28). In the elderly population (≥ 75 years old), AEs (31%) were generally more prevalent (P < 0.001) than those (21%) in the adult (< 75 years old) patients. Over the study period, 211 (35%) patients either dropped or completely discontinued the use of the SGLT2 inhibitor, and the elderly patients tended to have a higher discontinuation rate (52%; P = 0.005) than the adults (33%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, we demonstrated that SGLT2 inhibitors are an effective and durable hypoglycemic agent to control blood glucose levels with reduced maintenance of Bwt, but their use in the elderly (≥ 75 years old) patients with T2D may warrant some additional caution due to increased probability of AEs and discontinuation of drug use.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1615-1626"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141070384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}