Developments in biologicals最新文献_第8页

Integrated immunogenomics in the chicken: deciphering the immune response to identify disease resistance genes. 鸡的综合免疫基因组学：破译免疫反应以鉴定抗病基因。

Developments in biologicals Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000317144

P Kaiser, J Howell, M Fife, J-R Sadeyen, N Salmon, L Rothwell, J Young, P van Diemen, M Stevens, T-Y Poh, M Jones, P Barrow, P Wigley, H He, C Swaggerty, M Kogut, J Smith, D Burt

{"title":"Integrated immunogenomics in the chicken: deciphering the immune response to identify disease resistance genes.","authors":"P Kaiser, J Howell, M Fife, J-R Sadeyen, N Salmon, L Rothwell, J Young, P van Diemen, M Stevens, T-Y Poh, M Jones, P Barrow, P Wigley, H He, C Swaggerty, M Kogut, J Smith, D Burt","doi":"10.1159/000317144","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000317144","url":null,"abstract":"Resistance to infection takes place at many levels, and involves both non-specific and specific immune mechanisms. The chicken has a different repertoire of immune genes, molecules, cells and organs compared to mammals. To understand the role of any disease resistance gene(s), it is therefore important to understand these different repertoires, and the bird's response to a particular pathogen. Our studies focus on the innate immune response, as responses of macrophages from inbred lines of chickens, and heterophils from commercial birds, correlate with resistance or susceptibility to Salmonella infection with a variety of Salmonella serovars and infection models. To map disease resistance genes, we are using a combination of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) from microarray studies, allied with whole genome SNP arrays (WGA) and a candidate gene approach. There are over 500 human genes with the Gene Ontology term \"innate immunity\". We have identified over 400 of these genes in the chicken genome, and are actively identifying informative SNPs in them. The segregation of 6000 WGA SNPs across all of our inbred lines was also assessed, which should yield approximately 900 informative SNPs for a cross between any two lines. The initial focus of these studies is on mapping resistance genes in our inbred lines, but the studies will be extended to commercial flocks.","PeriodicalId":11190,"journal":{"name":"Developments in biologicals","volume":"132 ","pages":"57-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27696334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantitative genetic and functional genomics approaches to investigating parasite disease resistance and protective immune mechanisms in avian coccidiosis. 定量遗传和功能基因组学方法研究禽球虫病的寄生虫病抗性和保护性免疫机制。

Developments in biologicals Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000317145

H S Lillehoj, Y Hong, C Kim

{"title":"Quantitative genetic and functional genomics approaches to investigating parasite disease resistance and protective immune mechanisms in avian coccidiosis.","authors":"H S Lillehoj, Y Hong, C Kim","doi":"10.1159/000317145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000317145","url":null,"abstract":"A major challenge for the commercial poultry production is controlling enteric disease-causing pathogens in the absence of prophylactic drugs. Although traditional genetic approaches have contributed to enhanced efficiency of poultry production and increased the ability of the industry to provide safe, high quality, and low cost meat products to consumers, economic losses due to enteric diseases remains a significant problem. Therefore, there is a need to develop alternative control strategies against poultry enteric pathogens of economic importance. Recent advances in molecular genetics and functional genomics are now allowing for rapid progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of disease resistance against major infectious agents of poultry. It is anticipated that identifying the nature of host-pathogen interactions will facilitate the development of novel vaccines and therapeutics. In this paper, recent progress in identifying genes that influence resistance to avian coccidiosis, the most economically important disease of poultry, will be discussed. This work provides an excellent example of how the integration of new molecular genetic and functional genomics tools increases our knowledge of the mechanism of genetic resistance to complex diseases.","PeriodicalId":11190,"journal":{"name":"Developments in biologicals","volume":"132 ","pages":"67-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27696335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

IGF2/Mboll polymorphism in Gir and Nelore cattle. Gir和Nelore牛IGF2/Mboll多态性

Developments in biologicals Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000317173

A Martins da Silva, A F L Rios, E S Ramos, V L Cardoso, A E Vercesi Filho, R B Lôbo, M A R Freitas

{"title":"IGF2/Mboll polymorphism in Gir and Nelore cattle.","authors":"A Martins da Silva, A F L Rios, E S Ramos, V L Cardoso, A E Vercesi Filho, R B Lôbo, M A R Freitas","doi":"10.1159/000317173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000317173","url":null,"abstract":"The imprinted gene insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) carries out important functions in the development of placental mammals, during the embryonic and fetal stages and is located on bovine chromosome 29. The main aim of this study was to verify the occurrence of a polymorphism (C/T transversion) in exon 6 of the IGF2 gene in Gir and Nelore cattle, Zebu breeds of great economic importance in Brazil for dairy and beef production, respectively. A 193 bp fragment of bovine IGF2 exon 6 was amplified by PCR with specific primers for this region and digested with Mboll enzyme to analyze the polymorphic segment. In a total of 39 Gir animals (29 females and 10 males), the estimated frequencies of the C and T alleles were 0.42 and 0.58, respectively. The genotypic frequencies were 0.10 for CC, 0.26 for TT and 0.64 for CT. For 28 Nelore animals (17 females and 11 males), the estimated frequencies of the C and T alleles were 0.43 and 0.57, respectively. The genotypic frequencies were 0.18 for CC, 0.32 for TT, and 0.50 for CT. This is the first report of the occurrence of this polymorphism in these breeds. The polymorphic site can be a regulatory motif with functional significance to gene regulation of the IGF2 gene. This polymorphism could be used to investigate the allele-specific expression of the IGF2 gene, its epigenetic status, and its role in developmental, growth and reproductive traits.","PeriodicalId":11190,"journal":{"name":"Developments in biologicals","volume":"132 ","pages":"287-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27696624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Immune evasion, a critical strategy for rabies virus. 免疫逃避，狂犬病病毒的关键策略。

Developments in biologicals Pub Date : 2008-01-01

M Lafon

引用次数: 0

Epidemiology and control of rabies in Iran. 伊朗狂犬病的流行病学和控制。

Developments in biologicals Pub Date : 2008-01-01

A R Janani, A Fayaz, S Simani, F Farahtaj, N Eslami, N Howaizi, P Biglari, M Sabetghadam

引用次数: 0

Downside risk of wildlife translocation. 野生动物迁移的下行风险。

Developments in biologicals Pub Date : 2008-01-01

R Chipman, D Slate, C Rupprecht, M Mendoza

{"title":"Downside risk of wildlife translocation.","authors":"R Chipman, D Slate, C Rupprecht, M Mendoza","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Translocation has been used successfully by wildlife professionals to enhance or reintroduce populations of rare or extirpated wildlife, provide hunting or wildlife viewing opportunities, farm wild game, and reduce local human-wildlife conflicts. However, accidental and intentional translocations may have multiple unintended negative consequences, including increased stress and mortality of relocated animals, negative impacts on resident animals at release sites, increased conflicts with human interests, and the spread of diseases. Many wildlife professionals now question the practice of translocation, particularly in light of the need to contain or eliminate high profile, economically important wildlife diseases and because using this technique may jeopardize international wildlife disease management initiatives to control rabies in raccoons, coyotes, and foxes in North America. Incidents have been documented where specific rabies variants (Texas gray fox, canine variant in coyotes, and raccoon) have been moved well beyond their current range as a result of translocation, including the emergence of raccoon rabies in the eastern United States. Here, we review and discuss the substantial challenges of curtailing translocation in the USA, focusing on movement of animals by the public, nuisance wildlife control operators, and wildlife rehabilitators.","PeriodicalId":11190,"journal":{"name":"Developments in biologicals","volume":"131 ","pages":"223-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27541165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the search for markers of tick resistance in bovines. 在牛身上寻找蜱虫抗性标记。

Developments in biologicals Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000317164

L C A Regitano, A M G Ibelli, G Gasparin, M Miyata, A L S Azevedo, L L Coutinho, R L Teodoro, M A Machado, M V G B Silva, L C Nakata, L G Zaros, T S Sonstegard, A M Silva, M M Alencar, M C S Oliveira

{"title":"On the search for markers of tick resistance in bovines.","authors":"L C A Regitano, A M G Ibelli, G Gasparin, M Miyata, A L S Azevedo, L L Coutinho, R L Teodoro, M A Machado, M V G B Silva, L C Nakata, L G Zaros, T S Sonstegard, A M Silva, M M Alencar, M C S Oliveira","doi":"10.1159/000317164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000317164","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic differences in susceptibility to ticks (Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus) are considerable in bovines. Here, mapping, association and gene expression approaches were employed to further advance our understanding of the molecular basis of tick resistance. A B. taurus x B. indicus F2 population was developed by Embrapa and 382 individuals were measured for parasitic load. Scanning of all chromosomes is in progress. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for tick load were mapped to chromosomes 4, 5, 7, 10, 14, 18 and 23 out of the 20 chromosomes scanned and were dependent on the season in which the phenotype was scored. In the candidate gene approach, females from the genetic groups Nelore (NE--184), Canchim x Nelore (CN--153), Aberdeen Angus x Nelore (AN--123) and Simmental x Nelore (SN--120) were evaluated under natural infestation. Microsatellite markers close to the genes for interleukin 2 (IL2), interleukin 4 (IL4) and interferon gamma (IFNG) were analysed. Tick counts were associated with the marker for interleukin 4 (P < 0.05) in three genetic groups. Differences in cytokine mRNA levels of naive versus infested Nelore calves as well as between resistant versus susceptible cows from NE, CN and AN genetic groups were also investigated. Comparison of cytokines from infested and naïve animals showed downregulation of IL2. When resistant cows were compared to susceptible animals, IL8 was downregulated. These results reinforce the multiloci nature of tick resistance and the need to consider QTL and environment interactions.","PeriodicalId":11190,"journal":{"name":"Developments in biologicals","volume":"132 ","pages":"225-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27696705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 37

Generalised cranial artery spasm in human rabies. 人类狂犬病的全身颅动脉痉挛。

Developments in biologicals Pub Date : 2008-01-01

R E Willoughby, A Roy-Burman, K W Martin, J C Christensen, D F Westenkirschner, J D Fleck, C Glaser, K Hyland, C E Rupprecht

{"title":"Generalised cranial artery spasm in human rabies.","authors":"R E Willoughby, A Roy-Burman, K W Martin, J C Christensen, D F Westenkirschner, J D Fleck, C Glaser, K Hyland, C E Rupprecht","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In 2004, a teenager survived bat-associated rabies through the Milwaukee protocol (MP). This survivor and another patient with dog-associated rabies were found to have developed deficiencies of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) and associated neurotransmitters. BH4 is also essential for neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), so rabies is predicted to cause constriction of cerebral arteries. We assume that rabies virus, which almost exclusively targets neurons, would disproportionately affect cerebral over systemic perfusion by disrupting nNOS and lead to generalised cerebral artery spasm. Cranial artery vasospasm, therefore, was actively sought in two rabies patients, with the intention to specifically treat with BH4 and L-arginine when necessary. Flow velocities and resistive (RI) or pulsatility indices (PI) of middle cerebral arteries (MCA) were obtained by transcranial doppler ultrasound (TCD). A survival analysis of 8 attempts at the MP is presented. Of these, two cases are reported here. The first case is one child with bat-associated rabies who developed severe bilateral MCAspasm on hospital day (HD)-10 that responded to very low dose (0.2 mcg/kg/min) nitroprusside. The second case, a child with dog-associated rabies, developed spasm of MCA on HD-6 that responded to 6 mg/kg/day BH4. A second spasm with high RI (without cerebral oedema or increased intracranial pressure) responded to 20 mg/kg/day BH4 and 0.5 g/kg/dose L-arginine. Review of the TCD of the first child showed a similar second spasm seven days after first episode. Cerebral artery vasospasm occurred in the two children with rabies, but was clinically silent by standard monitoring. Spasm responded to drugs directed at the NOS pathway. Animal models for treatment of rabies are sorely needed to evaluate therapy.","PeriodicalId":11190,"journal":{"name":"Developments in biologicals","volume":"131 ","pages":"367-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27541550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SNP discovery in genes affecting leg health traits in pigs. 影响猪腿健康性状基因的SNP发现。

Developments in biologicals Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000317180

S K Onteru, B Fan, B Mote, T Serenius, M Nikkilae, K J Stalder, M F Rothschild

引用次数: 7

Identifying genes for intestinal nematode resistance using transcriptional profiling. 利用转录谱鉴定肠道线虫耐药基因。

Developments in biologicals Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000317161

O M Keane, K G Dodds, A M Crawford, J C McEwan

引用次数: 6