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Chromosomal studies on five species of the genus Leptodactylus Fitzinger, 1826 (Amphibia, Anura) using differential staining. 1826年5种Leptodactylus Fitzinger属(两栖纲，无尾目)的染色体鉴别染色研究。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
A P Silva, C F Haddad, S Kasahara
{"title":"Chromosomal studies on five species of the genus Leptodactylus Fitzinger, 1826 (Amphibia, Anura) using differential staining.","authors":"A P Silva,&nbsp;C F Haddad,&nbsp;S Kasahara","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cytogenetic studies were carried out on five species of Leptodactylus, namely L. fuscus, L. notoaktites, L. labyrinthicus, L. ocellatus, and L. podicipinus, after standard staining, Ag-NOR and C-banding as well as BrdU incorporation for three of them. The species had 2n = 22 chromosomes and two basic karyotype patterns. Chromosome 8 was a marker bearing a secondary constriction. In all species, this secondary constriction corresponded to the Ag-NOR site. The species had centromeric C-bands in all chromosomes of the complement, but some interstitial or telomeric bands seemed to differentiate some karyotypes, either at the species or the population level. In L. ocellatus, the C-banding pattern confirmed the occurrence of a heteromorphic pericentric inversion in chromosome 8 in specimens from one of the populations. The BrdU incorporation technique showed no detectable difference in the replication patterns of the major bands in the chromosomes of L. notoaktites, L. labyrinthicus, and L. ocellatus.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21862266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Paeonol promoted 2-aminofluorene and p-aminobenzoic acid acetylations by mononuclear leucocytes from Sprague-Dawley rats. 丹皮酚促进Sprague-Dawley大鼠单核白细胞2-氨基芴和对氨基苯甲酸乙酰化。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
H L Chang, C F Hung, C C Yeh, W C Chang, J G Chung
{"title":"Paeonol promoted 2-aminofluorene and p-aminobenzoic acid acetylations by mononuclear leucocytes from Sprague-Dawley rats.","authors":"H L Chang,&nbsp;C F Hung,&nbsp;C C Yeh,&nbsp;W C Chang,&nbsp;J G Chung","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Following exposure of rats to the arylamine carcinogen 2-aminofluorene, DNA-carcinogen adducts were found in the target tissues of the liver and bladder, and also in circulating leucocytes. This work investigated how paeonol affects arylamine (2-aminofluorene and p-aminobenzoic acid) acetylations in rat leucocytes. Evidence is presented showing that rat mononuclear leucocytes are capable of acetylating 2-aminofluorene and p-aminobenzoic acid. Paeonol promoted 2-aminofluorene and p-aminobenzoic acid acetylation. Cultured lymphocytes produced about twice as much N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene from 2-aminofluorene and 2.2-fold as much N-acetyl-p-aminobenzoic acid from p-aminobenzoic acid as monocytes. After cotreatment with paeonol, the lymphocyte and monocyte cultures indicated that paeonol did increase 2-aminofluorene and p-aminobenzoic acid acetylations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21911724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Serum protein index in human malaria. 人疟疾血清蛋白指数。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
E O Alumanah, E C Onyeneke, N A Okpogba, C J Okonkwo
{"title":"Serum protein index in human malaria.","authors":"E O Alumanah,&nbsp;E C Onyeneke,&nbsp;N A Okpogba,&nbsp;C J Okonkwo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The serum protein levels were determined in 158 malarial patients infected with Plasmodium falciparum. Contrary to an earlier reported protein deficiency during malarial infection, the results obtained from this study showed no significant change (p > 0.05) in serum protein levels when compared with the controls. The significance of the results related to excessive protein catabolism in fever is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21862268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pericentric inversion in human chromosome 8 and spherocytosis. 人类8号染色体中心周围反转与球形红细胞增多症。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
B B Ganguly, R Dalvi, A V Mehta
{"title":"Pericentric inversion in human chromosome 8 and spherocytosis.","authors":"B B Ganguly,&nbsp;R Dalvi,&nbsp;A V Mehta","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A cytogenetic study of a patient revealed a pericentric inversion in chromosome 8, and spherocytes in 10% of cells, in a routine blood smear. The critical portion which affected the expression of spherocytosis appeared to be localized at 8p22-8q21. The mother's karyotyping showed the transmission of the inversion to the child.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21728159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Time-dependent changes in superoxide dismutase, catalase, xanthine dehydrogenase and oxidase activities in focal cerebral ischaemia. 局灶性脑缺血时超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、黄嘌呤脱氢酶和氧化酶活性的时间依赖性变化。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
A Sermet, N Taşdemir, B Deniz, M Atmaca
{"title":"Time-dependent changes in superoxide dismutase, catalase, xanthine dehydrogenase and oxidase activities in focal cerebral ischaemia.","authors":"A Sermet,&nbsp;N Taşdemir,&nbsp;B Deniz,&nbsp;M Atmaca","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Time-dependent changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and an oxidant enzyme, xanthine oxidase (XO), were detected in primary and peri-ischaemic brain regions during permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) in rats. There were no changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities after 3 h of MCAO, whereas antioxidant enzyme activities decreased significantly in ischaemic brain areas following 24 h of ischaemia. After 48 h, the enzyme activities returned to the baseline but then a further increase was observed in ischaemic brain areas by 72 h post-ischaemia. Normally, XO exists as a dehydrogenase (XD), but it is converted to XO which contributes to injury in some ischaemic tissues. The XO activity increased slightly at 3 h after ischaemia, but after 24 h of ischaemia it returned to the baseline and then remained relatively unchanged in ischaemic areas. Pretreatment with allopurinol before ischaemia prevented changes in SOD and CAT activities and attenuated brain oedema during 24 h of ischaemia. Neither XO nor XD activity changed in allopurinol-treated rats at the times of ischaemia. These results indicated that ischaemic brain tissue remained vulnerable to free radical damage for as long as 48 h after ischaemia, and XO was probably not an important source of free radicals in cerebral ischaemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21806273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genotyping of clinical and chicken isolates of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. 空肠弯曲杆菌和大肠弯曲杆菌临床及鸡分离株的基因分型研究。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
S I Smith, D K Olukoya, A J Fox, A O Coker
{"title":"Genotyping of clinical and chicken isolates of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli.","authors":"S I Smith,&nbsp;D K Olukoya,&nbsp;A J Fox,&nbsp;A O Coker","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genomic DNA from 58 strains of Campylobacter made up of 48 Campylobacter jejuni and ten Campylobacter coli were digested with Sma I and analysed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The cleavage of DNA by Sma I gave 22 distinct hybridization patterns. The two Campylobacter species were subtyped by PFGE. The average genomic size for C. jejuni by Sma I digestion was 1.73 Mb, while that of C. coli gave 1.7 Mb. Results from this study indicate that PFGE analysis by Sma I digested genomic DNA provides a reliable means of differentiating between and within species of Campylobacter and provides a practical approach to epidemiological studies of Campylobacter.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21902997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Standard karyotype of sea trout (Salmo trutta morpha trutta) based on replication banding patterns. 基于复制带型的海鳟(Salmo trutta morpha trutta)标准核型。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
M Jankun
{"title":"Standard karyotype of sea trout (Salmo trutta morpha trutta) based on replication banding patterns.","authors":"M Jankun","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Replication banding patterns have been obtained from in vivo treatment of Salmo trutta morpha trutta chromosomes using a modification of the 5-BrdU technique and in kidney cultures using the fluorochrome photolysis Giemsa (FPG) staining method. Each chromosome pair was identified in the karyotype based on the banding pattern, chromosome size, and centromere position. The standard karyotype of sea trout has been proposed. Similarities of replication, and restriction enzyme banding patterns of chromosomes 8 and 9, and of chromosomes 11 and 12, are discussed. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to determine the location of telomeric sequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21903659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The prevalence of type II diabetes mellitus is haptoglobin phenotype-independent. 2型糖尿病的患病率与触珠蛋白表型无关。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
S Awadallah, M Hamad
{"title":"The prevalence of type II diabetes mellitus is haptoglobin phenotype-independent.","authors":"S Awadallah,&nbsp;M Hamad","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Haptoglobin (Hp) phenotype distribution and the association between Hp polymorphism and type II diabetes mellitus was investigated in a Jordanian sample population consisting of 618 nondiabetics and 265 diabetics. In nondiabetics, Hp 2-2 was the most predominant type occurring at a frequency of 0.529 followed by Hp 2-1 occurring at a frequency of 0.387. In diabetics, the Hp 2-2 frequency was 0.540 while that of Hp 2-1 was 0.381. No statistically significant variation was detected in Hp type distribution between the two groups. The Hp2 allele occurred at a frequency of 0.722 in nondiabetics and 0.730 in diabetics. In both groups, the Hp type distribution was in agreement with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium calculations. These results suggest that type II diabetes mellitus is Hp phenotype-independent.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21605264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
'Sloughing-off' of heterochromatin in Werner's syndrome cells during high-temperature phosphate incubation. 高温磷酸盐孵育期间，维尔纳综合征细胞中异染色质的“脱落”。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
J R Edelman, Y J Lin
{"title":"'Sloughing-off' of heterochromatin in Werner's syndrome cells during high-temperature phosphate incubation.","authors":"J R Edelman,&nbsp;Y J Lin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous investigations of cells undergoing rapid division revealed the presence of heterochromatic 'dots' in chromosomes as well as numerous chromocentres in interphase nuclei. Such structures were seen in human embryonic cells, as well as cells from organisms capable of regeneration, and cells from various malignancies. Cells with a reduced capacity for reproduction were found to be virtually devoid of nuclear chromocentres and chromosome dots after incubation in phosphate buffer at high temperature. The lack of heterochromatin in such cells (Werner's syndrome) thereby explained their reduced capacity for cell division and the resultant rapid rate of aging in individuals afflicted. Re-examination of such slides containing these cells revealed that chromocentres and chromosome dots were present initially, but the incubation process resulted in a 'sloughing-off' of such structures. The incubation process left these heterochromatic structures intact in malignant and control cells, inferring a link between cell proliferation and stable intact heterochromatin. These findings implicate heterochromatin as the object of the purported chromosomal instability factor characteristic of Werner's syndrome. The loss of heterochromatin did not result in chromosome breakage, suggesting that heterochromatin may not be an integral part of chromosome structure, but rather a surface feature or covering.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21605267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spherical scatters in the lens of Acrossocheilus hexagonolepis as revealed by scanning electron microscopy and UV-visible spectroscopy. 扫描电子显微镜和紫外可见光谱研究了六角鱼晶状体中的球形散射体。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
U C Goswami, A Begum, S Dey
{"title":"Spherical scatters in the lens of Acrossocheilus hexagonolepis as revealed by scanning electron microscopy and UV-visible spectroscopy.","authors":"U C Goswami,&nbsp;A Begum,&nbsp;S Dey","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of spherical granules 0.25-0.75 micron in diameter in the lens fibres of the hill stream fish Acrossocheilus hexagonolepis. The density of the granules was approximately 8,500 per mm2. The size of the particles and their distribution pattern suggested they functioned in spherical scattering of the light. The absorbance and transmittance of light at different wavelengths obtained from the spectroscopic analysis of the lens indicated that a small percentage of light was neither absorbed nor transmitted. Since reflection usually does not take place from the ocular refractive structure, it may be that this proportion of the light was scattered from the lens.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21607766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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