The Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine最新文献

{"title":"BRONCHIAL ASTHMA: PHYSICIANS’ PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGIC KNOWLEDGE ASSESSMENT. ASSA–III RESULTS","authors":"R. Bontsevich, Alexandra Y. Vodyakhina, Alexander A. Umerenkov, Irina A. Umerenkova, Oksana V. Tsygankova, G. Prozorova, Galina A. Batishcheva, Lyudmila V. Tribuntseva, V. A. Nevzorova, I. Martynenko, O. Kompaniets, E. Y. Ebzeeva, I. F. Krotkova, Evgeny A. Shabanov, E. Bochanova, G. Ketova, Valeria O. Barysheva, L. Solovyova","doi":"10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).23-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).23-33","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Number of bronchial asthma (BA) cases increases every year. Despite the improvement of clinical guidelines proposed by national societies and GINA (Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention) expert committee, BA is still an urgent and significant public health problem. In some basic issues of etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and pharmacotherapy, there is still a deficiency in healthcare professionals’ knowledge. Aim. To study the basic bronchial asthma knowledge of physicians from different regions. Materials and Methods. A multicenter anonymous survey was conducted among medical specialists regarding their knowledge of and preferences in the topic of bronchial asthma. This is the third stage of the ASSA (Assessment of Senior Medical Students in Bronchial Asthma) project. Statistical data were processed using the Pearson chi-square criterion (χ2) and complementary adjustments. Results and Discussion. Over the years 2019-2023, an anonymous survey of 472 physicians was conducted in ten cities and regions of Russia. In general, the level of basic specialists was found to be relatively satisfactory: An average of 65.8 % according to the study. At the same time, a deeper understanding was noted in the basic and theoretical aspects of the BA etiopathogenesis and diagnosis (the average result in the pool of questions was 84.1%), while the pool of questions regarding the disease treatment turned out to be more difficult for the respondents (their average result was 52.1%). The respondents gave the best answers to questions regarding the reference to a prolonged suffocation attack (95.6%), the levels of asthma control (93.6%), and the key methods of BA diagnosis (91.3%); the worst results were obtained for questions related to the choice of reasonable treatment tactics for mild asthma at therapy stages 1 (34.7%) and 2 (32.2%), indications for sublingual immunotherapy (12%), and indications for adding tiotropium (33.6%). Conclusion. According to the findings, it was concluded that physicians generally had a relatively satisfactory level of knowledge on the main issues related to the BA definition, etiopathogenesis, and diagnosis. However, their knowledge regarding the advanced approaches to pharmacotherapy is insufficient, and these issues require in-depth and additional studies. We also identified the specific changes in the physicians’ knowledge depending on their seniority.","PeriodicalId":110361,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine","volume":"428 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140780661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PREGNANCY OUTCOMES AFTER COVID-19 INFECTION DEVELOPED IN THE SECOND AND THIRD GESTATION PERIODS","authors":"N. F. Khvorostukhina, D. I. Sheveleva, D. Novichkov, N. N. Stepanova, Antonina N. Simonova","doi":"10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).71-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).71-78","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Issues of providing medical care to pregnant women in the setting of COVID-19 infection remain a priority for physicians of many health professions, since it is this disease an increased incidence of adverse outcomes for both mothers and fetuses is associated with in recent years. Aim. To study the peculiarities of pregnancy course and outcomes after COVID-19 infection that has developed in the second and/or third gestation periods. Materials and Methods. Birth histories for 2021 were analyzed. Group 1 (n=30) consisted of patients with COVID-19 infection developed in the second trimester, group 2 (n=69) of those with the infection developed in the third trimester. We studied the anamnesis details, pregnancy and labor complications, and perinatal outcomes. Statistical analysis has been performed using Excel MS and Statistica 7.0 programs. The data obtained are presented as mean values (M) and standard deviation (SD), as well as the absolute (n) and relative (%) frequencies of observations. To establish the significance of differences between two mean values of parameters, Student’s t-test was used, and Pearson’s χ2 criterion was used for qualitative parameters (differences at p<0.05 were considered significant). Results and Discussion. It was found that the course of pregnancy after COVID-19 infection, regardless of the disease manifestation times (p>0.05), is associated with developing placental insufficiency (30.0 % in group 1 and 50.7 % in group 2), the symptoms of threatened abortion (46.7 and 53.6%, respectively), hypertensive disorders (18.7 and 24.6%, respectively), anemia (43.3 and 46.4%, respectively), colpitis (10.0 and 27.5%, respectively), bacterial vaginosis (20.0 and 17.4%, respectively), and the premature rupture of fetal membranes (16.6 and 15.9%, respectively), with the prevalence of at term deliveries (86.7 and 97.1%, respectively; p=0.05), but with an increase in the incidence of the infantile asphyxia in 53.3 and 52.2%, respectively. Cerebral ischemia (40.0 and 36.2%, respectively), congenital developmental anomalies (30.0 and 10.1%, respectively; p=0.01), perinatal hypoxic damage of the central nervous system (23.3 and 5.8%, respectively; p=0.01), neonatal jaundice (23.3 and 4.7%, respectively; p=0.004), and intrauterine pneumonia (10.0 and 5.8%, respectively) prevailed in the structure of neonatal morbidity. Conclusions. Pregnant women are 2.3 times more likely to be infected with COVID-19 in the third trimester compared to the incidence in the second trimester. The course of pregnancy after COVID-19 infection is accompanied by forming placental insufficiency with the development of gestational complications, without affecting the timing of delivery, but increasing the frequency of the need for surgical aids in labor in the manifestation of infection in the third trimester. The incidence of neonatal morbidity increases statistically significantly with the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 infection in mothers in the sec","PeriodicalId":110361,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine","volume":"87 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140765279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV- AND TUBERCULOSIS-ASSOCIATED PERICARDITIS","authors":"Elena A. Borodulina, Kristina V. Zhilinskaya, Daniil A. Talagaev, Anton V. Sherstnev","doi":"10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).91-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).91-97","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. HIV infection, despite the measures taken, continues to spread throughout the world. Unfavorable course of diseases is often determined by some concomitant pathologies. Among HIV-infected patients, tuberculosis is the most common disease forming the comorbid condition named “TB/HIV” that reaches more than a half of all the cases of newly diagnosed tuberculosis in some regions of Russia. In recent years, due to the increase in the HIV- infected patients’ life expectancy based on antiretroviral therapy, cardiovascular diseases, such as primarily infectious pericarditis, are gradually beginning to hold a significant place. Aim: To select and analyze publications dealing with HIV- and tuberculosis-associated infectious pericarditis. Materials and Methods. A systematic search was conducted for publications that examined possible associations between pericardial damage, HIV infection and tuberculosis. A search of publications was carried out in the electronic databases PubMed, www.pubmed.gov; MEDLINE, www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov; and Russian scientific database eLibrary, https://www.elibrary.ru. Preference was given to meta-analyses or systematic reviews, and studies with duplicate materials were excluded from the analysis. Results and Discussion. Publications on the epidemiology of infectious pericarditis associated with HIV infection and tuberculosis in the world and Russia are presented by authors from different countries; both the human immunodeficiency virus and mycobacterium tuberculosis are important for the development of pericarditis. Tuberculous pericarditis, being a rare manifestation of tuberculosis, usually reflects the severity of the disease and an unfavorable prognosis. In cases of unexplained pericardial effusion, it is advisable to include testing for HIV infection in the differential diagnosis plan. Conclusions. Diagnosis of pericarditis requires a multidisciplinary approach; late diagnosis has an unfavorable prognosis.","PeriodicalId":110361,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine","volume":"45 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140788847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE AVAILABLE SOLVENTS AND DILUENTS FOR INJECTABLES USED IN PEDIATRIC PRACTICE","authors":"Yulia A. Abdullina, Anastasia V. Kabanova, Ayrat R. Hayatov, Svetlana N. Egorova","doi":"10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).14-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).14-22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Solvents and diluents for parenteral medicines are widely used in pediatric hospitals and occupy leading positions in terms of the number of packages in purchases. Injectables are prescribed to children in reduced volumes, as compared to adults. In this regard, it is relevant to study the solvents and diluents available for parenteral administration of drugs in terms of packaging types and reduced volumes for use in pediatrics in the domestic pharmaceutical market. Aim of the study is to analyze the available solvents and diluents for parenteral medicines, such as water for injection, isotonic solutions of sodium chloride, Ringer, and Ringer lactate, on the Russian pharmaceutical market and in a multidisciplinary children’s hospital. Material and Methods. Objects of the study were data from the State Register of Medicines of Russia, the requisition slips of Medical Devices and Pharmacy of Tatarstan for medicines shipped from a warehouse to the Republic Clinical Children’s Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan in 2022, the price lists for medicines of pharmaceutical wholesalers (September 2023), and the data from scientific publications. Results and Discussion. The data obtained indicate that the regional pharmaceutical market has about twice as many options for the supply of medicinal solvents and diluents than in a children’s multidisciplinary hospital, and this allows expanding the range of this group of medicines. It can be assumed that pharmaceutical industrial enterprises do not produce a full range of options for the volume of primary packaging of solvents and diluents registered in the State Register of Medicines. Conclusions. In Russia, reduced volumes (20-30 ml) of 0.9% sodium chloride, 5% glucose, Ringer, and Ringer lactate solutions in vials for intravenous drip administration in pediatric practice are neither registered nor produced. The depth coefficient of the assortment of the studied solvents and diluents for parenteral medicines in relation to the volume of primary packaging in a children’s multidisciplinary hospital is 0.102. This indicates the need for medical organizations to consider the possibilities of the pharmaceutical market when drawing up applications for the supply of medicines.","PeriodicalId":110361,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine","volume":"71 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140769606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PREDICTION OF INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE PROGRESSION IN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS PATIENTS: A COHORT STUDY ANALYSIS","authors":"D. Khorolskii, Alesya A. Klimenko, Ekaterina S. Pershina, E. P. Mikheeva, Natalya M. Babadayeva, A. Kondrashov, Nadezhda A. Shostak, Evgeny V. Zhilyaev","doi":"10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).79-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).79-84","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is an autoimmune disease that often causes inflammatory fibrosing lesions of the pulmonary interstitial tissue, referred to as interstitial lung disease. It is associated with a significant reduction in survival and is the leading immediate cause of the systemic scleroderma patients’ death. Progression rate of interstitial lung disease varies greatly. Since the specific immunosuppressive and antifibrotic treatment is only justified in case of progressive lesions, predicting the interstitial lung disease progression is of great practical importance. Aim: To develop approaches to predicting the progression of interstitial lung disease in systemic scleroderma patients. Materials and Methods. Our analysis included the data of patients observed in the Registry of Myositis, Systemic Scleroderma and Mixed Diseases (REMISSiZ). Inclusion criteria: Age 18+ years, the proven case of systemic scleroderma, eligibility for ACR/EULAR (2013), and the repeated high-resolution computed tomography of lungs with an interval of at least 1 year. All patients underwent 6-minute walking tests. Results and Discussion. The study included 44 patients (43 women) aged 62.9 ± 11.5 years in average. The average follow-up duration was 530 ± 231 days. Radiological progression was associated with younger age, p=0.03, severity of Raynaud’s phenomenon, p=0.032, shorter disease duration, p=0.038, and shorter distance covered in the 6-minute walk test, p=0.05. The progression of functional impairment, determined by the dynamics of the distance covered in the 6-minute walk test, was associated with a decrease in blood oxygen saturation at rest (p=0.003), the severity of breath shortness according to the Borg scale (p=0.006), the initial distance of the 6-minute walk test (p <0.001), the presence of topoisomerase I antibodies (anti-Scl-70, p=0.034), and complaints of breath shortness (p=0.043) and dysphagia (p=0.034). As a result of reverse stepwise selection of variables, three independent significant predictors were selected from the above indicators: Dysphagia, anti-Scl-70, and the initial walking distance in the 6-minute walk test. Based on these indicators, a regression formula is presented for predicting the progression of functional impairment in systemic scleroderma patients. Conclusions. X-ray-detected progression of interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis patients is associated with younger age and Raynaud’s phenomenon severity. To predict the decline in the systemic sclerosis patients’ functionality, it is advisable to consider the presence of dysphagia and topoisomerase I antibodies (anti-Scl-70).","PeriodicalId":110361,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140759205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYZING THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE DIFFERENCES IN THE RESULTS OF COMPUTING THE ORAL TOXIC AND LETHAL DOSES OF DRUGS BY THEIR CONCENTRATION IN URINE","authors":"Alla A. Vоlkova, Roman A. Kаlekin, A. M. Orlova, Albina Z. Pavlova, Andrey L. Pavlov","doi":"10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).34-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).34-39","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Quetiapine belongs to psychotropic drugs, i. e., neuroleptics, and is an antipsychotic. With oral narcotic, potent, and psychotropic substances, in case of suspected intentional or unintentional poisoning, the determining factor is the dosage amount of the substance taken by the sufferer, which allows assuming the use of a toxic or lethal dose. In this case, the investigative authorities can be assisted by the findings obtained in forensic-chemical or chemical-toxicological investigations. Aim. With consideration to certain factors, developing a methodological approach to calculating the doses of narcotic, psychotropic, and potent substances that have been orally (per os) administered to the sufferer, and testing the said approach within a case study. Materials and Methods. We studied the active substance quetiapine contained in pharmaceutical drugs. Biological objects studied were the liver, femoral vein blood, and urine taken from the corpse of a 24-year-old normosthenic person died of acute quetiapine poisoning. Forensic chemical examination of biological objects aimed at identifying quetiapine qualitatively and quantitatively was performed using conventional procedures. Results and Discussion. A methodological approach is proposed to calculate the doses of narcotic, psychotropic, and potent substances administered orally to the sufferers, considering certain factors and using a case study, in which quetiapine was detected in urine quantitatively. The analysis of six factors is presented, affecting the results of calculating the theoretical dose of the drug taken. Conclusions. A formula is proposed for calculating the theoretical dose with the relative error of the results obtained, not exceeding 28%.","PeriodicalId":110361,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine","volume":"105 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140790669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHARACTERIZING THE ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT PARTS IN USERS OF ELECTRONIC NICOTINE DELIVERY SYSTEMS","authors":"D. Kazarin, Aleksej Е. Shklyaev, Angelina S. Pantyuhina, V. M. Dudarev, Yuliya I. Galihanova","doi":"10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).45-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).45-51","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Using electronic nicotine delivery systems has shown a steady growth in recent years, especially among young people. Researchers and professionals are also interested in what consequences the use of such systems may have, but most studies deal with respiratory system. Aim. The aim is to clarify the electrical activity of the gastrointestinal tract parts in users of electronic nicotine delivery systems. Materials and Methods. 35 people of both sexes were examined, divided into two comparable groups: The study group consisted of 17 people regularly using electronic nicotine delivery systems, and the comparator group consisted of 18 practically healthy individuals. All study participants were surveyed using the quality-of-life questionnaire in Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale, clinical laboratory testing of blood and stool was performed, feces were tested for occult blood; and endoscopy, video colonoscopy, and electrogastroenterography were performed. The findings are presented as median (Me), as well as the first and the third quartiles (Q1; Q3). The significance of differences in groups was assessed using the Mann–Whitney test for independent quantitative variables. Differences were considered significant at p≤0.05. Results and Discussion. All individuals examined in the study group had significantly higher scores for gastroenterological symptoms on all syndrome scales of the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale questionnaire. Disturbances are shown in the electrical activity and frequency of contractions of hollow gastrointestinal organs in individuals using electronic cigarettes. Conclusions. Systematic consumption of nicotine-containing liquids via electronic nicotine delivery systems forms a specific variant of functional gastrointestinal diseases, expressed in electrophysiological disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, which is reflected in clinical symptoms.","PeriodicalId":110361,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine","volume":"136 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140765559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANGINA SCORE ANALYSIS BASED ON CLINICAL FINDINGS AND ON THE RESULTS OF STRESS-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY EXERCISE TEST IN PATIENTS WITH SILENT MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA","authors":"A. I. Abdrahmanova, Nicolay А. Tsibulkin, N. B. Amirov","doi":"10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).7-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).7-13","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Introduction. Stress echocardiography is an important method for detecting silent myocardial ischemia. Aim of the study was to analyze the exercise test results in silent ischemia and ordinary angina (control group) and compare angina scores based on exercise tests or clinical findings. Materials and Methods. Data of 202 patients were analyzed. Stress tests were performed using a treadmill. The statistics included parametric t-test criterion for normally distributed samples and nonparametric Mann-Whitney and Fisher criteria for the other ones. Differences were considered significant at p<0.05. Results and Discussion. According to exercise tests in patients with ST depression, the angina scores were higher in the control group (M=2.1) than in the silent ischemia group (M=1.03, p=0.000001). Angina scores based on clinical findings did not differ between the groups. Among patients with decrease in contractility in exercise test, angina scores were higher in the control group (M=2.29) than in the silent ischemia group (M=1.36, p=0.000001). In the silent ischemia group, angina scores based on exercise tests were higher (p=0.015) than those based on clinical findings. In the control group, angina scores based on exercise tests were lower (p=0.0003) than those based on clinical findings. In the silent ischemia group, ventricular extrasystole occurred in exercise tests less frequently than in the control group (p=0.04). Conclusions. In exercise tests with ST depression, in the silent ischemia group, angina scores based on exercise tests coincide with those based on clinical findings; in the control group, angina scores based on exercise test are lower than those based on clinical findings. In exercise test with a decrease in segmental contractility, in the silent ischemia group, angina scores based on exercise tests are higher than those based on clinical findings; in the control group, angina scores based on exercise tests are lower than those based on clinical findings. Maximum ST depression is greater in the silent ischemia group than in control one, which indicates a pronounced myocardial ischemia in the silent ischemia group on exercise. Ventricular extrasystole occurred less frequently in the silent ischemia group than in the control group on exercise test with ST depression or with a decrease in segmental contractility. In silent myocardial ischemia patients, their myocardium tolerates exercise tests worse than that of the patients in the control group, which may be a typical characteristic of silent ischemia myocardium.","PeriodicalId":110361,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine","volume":"48 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140796247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ROLE OF THE GALECTIN-3 MARKER IN CHRONIC HEART FAILURE","authors":"Veronika I. Shevtsova, A. A. Pashkova, M.G. Kolpacheva, A. A. Kupriyanova, V. N. Salamatova","doi":"10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).118-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).118-123","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Over decades, chronic heart failure has remained one of the most pressing health problems in most developed countries, including the Russian Federation. New methods are being actively developed and implemented to enable early diagnosis and stratification of the heart failure risk. A particular importance is attached to the search for heart failure markers that allow very accurately predicting the course of the disease. In recent years, galectin-3 is a novel heart-failure biomarker. Aim. This study was aimed at analyzing the modern scientific research and publications dealing with the role of galectin-3 in heart failure pathogenesis and with the possibility of using it as a biomarker. Material and Methods. Russian and foreign literary sources were analyzed, related to the issues under study over the years 2002-2023. Results and Discussion. Galectin-3 is a beta-galactoside-binding lectin that is secreted in human tissue by macrophages. Galectin-3 is an important factor in the heart failure pathophysiology, mainly because of its role in remodeling the heart ventricles, due to the activation of fibroblasts for collagen secretion, which is excessively deposited around cardiomyocytes. Various studies were conducted that had demonstrated a positive correlation between the galectin-3 level and the heart damage degree, particularly its left ventricle. Studying patients with chronic heart failure and frailty also showed a positive relationship between the galectin-3 level and the frailty severity. Sarcopenic obesity in patients suffering from chronic heart failure significantly worsens their prognosis. Conclusions. Analysis of available literature data allows us to consider galectin-3 a structurally unique and functionally important compound expressed by various tissues and cells of the body. Galectin-3 level in plasma positively correlates with the severity of changes in the heart structure and functions. Thus, galectin-3 may be a promising biomarker of chronic heart failure occurrence and progression.","PeriodicalId":110361,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140772883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROBABILITY OF NICOTINE ADDICTION DEVELOPMENT IN SMOKING FEMALE PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, DEPENDING ON SMOKING HISTORY AND THE NUMBER OF CIGARETTES SMOKED","authors":"Vyacheslav S. Lotkov, Anna V. Dzyubailo","doi":"10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).58-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20969/vskm.2024.17(2).58-63","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. This paper presents the results of assessing the likelihood of developing nicotine addiction, depending on smoking history and on the number of cigarettes smoked per day by women of fertile age. The aim is to establish the prognostic probability of nicotine addiction development in smokers, depending on smoking history and on the number of cigarettes smoked. Materiаls and Methods. The prospective study included 107 smoking female patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and nicotine addiction of different stages (hereinafter referred to as nicotine addiction). The patients were divided into 2 groups, depending on their secondhand smoke: 53 smoking patients with and 54 smoking patients without secondhand smoke. The observational group consisted of 42 non-smoking women without any chronic diseases. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was diagnosed based on the clinical recommendations of the Russian Respiratory Society (2021). Reliability of the outcomes was assessed using the methods of parametric and nonparametric statistics. Prior to the application of all statistical research methods, we checked whether our sam- pling complied with the Gaussian (normal) distribution law. The distribution law was described using the Kolmogorov- Smirnov and Lilliefors normality criteria, and a single-sample Shapiro-Wilco normality test. Nonlinear links of binary features with quantitative or qualitative features were evaluated using logistic regression. Logistic regression analysis made it possible to create a statistical model for predicting the probability of an event based on available data. Results and Discussion. With an average smoking activity of 14 cigarettes per day, the onset of nicotine addiction in the first group (a combination of active and secondhand smoke) began with the smoking experience of 12 years, reaching the maximum probability with the experience of 15 years. In the second group, nicotine addiction appeared and reached its maximum (100 %) four years later than in the first group. With an increase in the number of cigarettes up to 16 per day, an identical pattern was observed within the course of earlier nicotine addiction. Conclusions. Secondhand smoke, in addition to active smoking, increases the nicotine load with the development of more pronounced prerequisites for the pathogenetic processes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease development.","PeriodicalId":110361,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine","volume":"61 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140757288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}